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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Penicillin Tx's?
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- Streptococcal infections (GAS – pharyngitis, cellulites; Strep pneumoniae – pneumonia, meningitis; Enterococcus faecalis – used with aminoglycoside)
- Proven non penicillinase-producing Staph aureus infections - Many anaerobes other than Bacteroides fragilis e.g., actinomycosis, clostridia - Neisseria meningitides - Treponemes (syphilis) |
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Ampicillin, Amoxicillin Tx's?
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“community acquired infections” involving respiratory tract, such as: a) otitis media, sinusitis; b) bronchitis, pneumonia
"HELPS" = H.flu, E.coli, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella, enterococci |
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Extended Spectrum Names/Tx's?
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Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin, Piperacillin
Pseudomonas and Gram-Negatives (susceptible to penicillinase, otherwise use w/ clavulanic acid) |
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Amp/Amox/Extended-Spectrum all are synergistic with what other class of Abx?
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Aminoglycosides
Thus, "Amp-Gent", etc. |
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Amoxicillin/c.a. Tx's?
Ampicillin/sulbactam Tx's? Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam Tx's? |
1. Amoxicillin/c.a. – mainly upper and lower resp. infections (otitis media,
sinusitis, bronchitis) where beta-lactamase producing H. flu or Moraxella are expected. 2. Ampicillin/sulbactam – parenteral therapy for mixed aerobic/anaerobic organism coverage where high-resistance strains (such as Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, etc.) are not suspected. Examples include GI or GU tract surgical infections and pneumonias (especially aspiration). 3. Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam – very broad spectrum activity allows them to be “ok” therapy for a wide variety of infections but usually a narrower spectrum agent may be pre- ferable and have greater activity. They are effective against more gram negatives than ampicillin/sulbactam. |
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1st Gen Cephalosporins Name/Tx's?
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Cefazolin,
Cephalexin, Cefadroxil Staph and Strep (Gm+ Cocci), PEcK (Proteus, E.coli, Klebsiella) Surgical Prophylaxis, UTI |
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2nd Gen Cephalosporins Name/Tx's?
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Cefoxitin, Cefaclor, Cefuroxime, Cefotetan
Gm+ Cocci, HEN PEcKS (H.flu, Enterobacter aerogenes, Neisseria spp, Proteus, E.coli, Kleb pneum, Serratia) |
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3rd Gen Cephalosporins Name/Tx's?
What is special about Ceftriaxone? |
Cefotaxime, Cefoperazone, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime
"Hospital Acquired" Gm- CeftriaXone&CefotaXime = Neisseria meningitis (+pneum from neisseria) Ceftazidime&Cefoperazone = ALSO GOOD FOR PSEUDOMONAS (but combine with aminoglycoside) Ceftriaxone = LONG HALF-LIFE |
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4th Gen Cephalosporins Name/Tx's?
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Cefipime
Everything but anaerobes (plus stuff that Cephalosporins don't work for anyways: eneterococcus, Listeria, MRSA) |
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What bugs are Cephalosporins NOT good for?
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Enterococci (Strep Faecalis), Listeria, MRSA
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Aztreonam, Imipenem, Meropenem, Ertepenem, Doripenem Tx's?
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Aztreonam = similar to Aminoglycosides (attacks Gm- aerobes, including Pseudomonas)
Imipenem, etc = EVERYTHING but Enterococcus, Listeria, MRSA (and some Gm- rods) |
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Vancomycin
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ALL Gm+ BACTERIA (except VRE); NO ACTIVITY VS GM-
Good for Pseudmemranous Colitis (vs Clos.Diff) |
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Telavancin
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derivative of Vancomycin
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Daptomycin
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good against Gm+ (including resistant infections)
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Aminoglycosides Names? Tx's? Absorption?
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"-mycin" (Neomycin, Gentamycin, Streptomycin, Tobramycin, Amikacin)
Gm- rod infections (aerobic) Neomycin for bowel surgery NO USE AGAINST Gm+ |
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Aminoglycosides don't distrubute in...?
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CNS, Sputum, Bile, Prostate
(Good for Uine) |
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Tetracyclines Tx's? Do not take with?
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VACUUM THe BedRoom (Vibrio cholera, Acne, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, Urealyticum, Mycoplasma, Tularemia, H.pylori, Borrelia burgdorferi (lyme disease), Rickettsia (rocky mountain spotted fever))
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Tigecycline Tx's?
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Gm+ (including MRSA and VRE)
Gm- (except Pseudomonas and Proteus) anaerobes atypicals (Mycobac and Mycoplasma), except Legionella BROAD SPEC |
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Primary Macrolide Name? Tx's? Distribution?
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Erythromycin
Similar to penicillin G for indictaions... URIs, Pneumonias, STDs: Gm+ cocci (strep when allergic to penicillin; staph regardless of penicillinase, except MRSA) Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia, Neisseria, Corynebacterium, Bordetella, Campylobacter Distributes well, except CNS and Eye |
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Clartihromycin Tx's? Distribution?
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similar to erythromycin (mainly resp infections) except especially ACTIVE AGAINST Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
concentrates in respiratory tissues |
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Azithromycin Tx's? Distribution?
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Clarithromycin + H.flu & Moraxella
(mainly respiratory infx! also chlamydia and atyp mycobac infx (like M.a.i)) |
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Clindamycin Tx's?
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most Staph and Strep (except Enterococci)
anaerobes NOT for Gm- aerobes |
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Linezolid Tx's? Tox?
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All strep, staph, and enterococci
(MRSA + VRE) (no Gm- or anaerobe activity) MAOi (serotonin syndrome w/ Tyramine or SSRI's) |
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Sulfanamides Tx's?
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Gm+, Gm-, Nocardia, Chlamydia, Toxoplasmosis
UTI's!!! |
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Trimethoprim Tx's?
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UTI's
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TMP/SMX (Bactrim? Tx's)
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recurrent UTI's, S,S,PCP,MRSA (Shigella, Salmonella, Pneumocystis Jiroveci, MRSA)
+Nocardia |
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FQ Names? Tx's?
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Gm- rods of urinary and GI tracts (including Pseudomonas), Neisseria, and some Gm+ organisms (Strep. Pneum)
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Metronidazole?
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Anaerobes
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Nitrofrantoin?
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E.coli (prophylaxis of UTI's)
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