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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hapsburgs
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Autrian royal family that ruled much of Europe
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Spanish Armada
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failed to defeat the English
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Queen Elizabeth
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queen of England that encouraged pirates to attack Spanish ships
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El Greco
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Greecian painter who lived primarily in Spain
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Miguel de Cervantes
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wrote Don Quixote
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Guise Family
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Catholic French family who wanted the crown
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Bourbon Family
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Protestant French family who wanted the crown
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Huguenots
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French Protestants
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St. Bartholomew's Day Massacrew
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day that marks the murder of at least a thousand Huguenots
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Richelieu
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Cheif minister to Louis XIII
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Louis XIV
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absolute king who called himself the Sun King
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Petition of Right
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Parliament basically rules all
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Charles I of England
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Dissolved Parliament
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Cavaliers
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wealthy citizens who supported Charles I
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Roundheads
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poor citizens who supported Parliament
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Oliver Cromwell
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leader of the Roundheads
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Puritan Morality
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belief that having fun publically was a sin and was banned during Cromwell's rule
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English Bill of Rights
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stated that Parliament had greater power over monarchy
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William and Mary
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signed the English Bill of Rights and became the rulers
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Habeas Corpus
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stated that a person should not be arrested without knowing what they are being arrested for
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Peter the Great
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Russian czar who enforced laws that helpend technology become more advanced
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Natural Laws
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laws that govern human nature
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Denis Diderot
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man who wrote and published the Encyclopedia
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Rousseau
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believed in a social contract and also believed that people are born free but are enslaved by society
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Laissez-faire
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a theory that an economy would be better off if the government did not meddle in it
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Frederick the Great
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Prussia's first self-proclaimed "servant of the state"
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Joseph II
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Austria's "peasant emperor"
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Act of Union
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contract where England gains Wales, Ireland, and Scotland
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House of Lords
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British upper-class run branch of government
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House of Commons
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British lower-class run branch of government
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Seven Years' War
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British gains all of French Canada, the French Indian trade system, and French Newfoundland
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Declaration of Independence
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forced England to recognize the US as an independant country
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Checks and Balances
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system where each branch of government keeps the other from gaining too much power
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Legislative Branch
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(congress) makes laws, confirms Judicial appointments, and can overrule a veto by 2/3 vote
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Judicial Branch
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(supreme court) tries laws, rules laws unconstitutional, and presides over impeachment
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Executive Branch
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(resident) enforces laws, vetoes laws, appoints judges
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Bill of Rights
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states the Rights of US citizens
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US Constitution
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states the rights and limits of the US government
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Articles of Confederation
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first version of the US Constitution
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Natural Rights
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rights that belong to everyone from birth
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Philosophes
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"lovers of wisdom"
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Thomas Hobbes
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believed that people are naturally cruel; wrote Leviathan
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John Locke
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belived in natural rights; wrote the Two Treatises of Government
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Montesquieu
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created the system of checks and balances; wrote Spirit of the Laws
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Adam Smith
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believed in a free market; wrote Wealth of Nations
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Voltaire
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believed in and fought for freedom of speech
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Mary Wollstonecraft
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believed that women were limited by their lack of education; wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Women
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