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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rectus abdominis?
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"6 pack" muscle
one long muscle which moves the body sagittally |
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what divides the rectus abdominis?
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tendinous inscription
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where and what direction are external obliques?
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direction: wrapping hands around body
borders lower eight ribs (T5-T12) |
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where and what direction are the internal obliques?
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direction: hands in jacket pocket
connects to the cartilage of ribs 8-10 |
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what direction are the transversus abdominis?
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fibers travel horizontally
under the |
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what is the transversus abdominis important for?
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breath control
compression of the lower abdomen |
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what is the erector spinae and what does it do?
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grouping of layering muscles which allow the body to stay erect
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what is the linea alba?
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the tendon band which runs down the center of the rectus abdominis
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where is the Xiphoid process?
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at the bottom of the sternum.
*note: important not to press to low during CPR so not to break it off |
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what is the typical rate of breaths per min?
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typical breath is 12 times a min
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what makes the diaphragm different from other muscles in the way that it is controlled?
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you do not have to contract it, it contracts by itself
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how does the rib attach to the vertabre?
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costalvertebral joint
connecting the head of the rib to the thorasic vertabre |
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what are the 5 main parts of the rib?
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head, neck, tubercle, shaft, and anterior/ sternal end
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what is the vertebrocostal articulation?
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anterior end of the rib which attaches to the costal cartilige
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pelvic floor
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piriformis, levator ani, coccygeus
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piriformis
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external rotator
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levator ani
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elevates
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what do crunches train?
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rectus abdominis
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myofascial syndrome
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found in the neck
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my=?
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muscle
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faci=?
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band, connective tissue
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difference between upper extremity, arm, forearm, and hand
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upper extremity everything
arm is the area of the humerus forearm is the area of the radius and ulna hand is the wrist to the fingers |
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axial or appendicular skeleton
upper extremity |
appendicular
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where does the pectoralis major connect?
example of movement using the pectoralis major? |
connects to the sternum
pushing up or lifting up |
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where is the latissimus dorsi
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on the back side of the arm pit which travels down to the middle of the back
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how many portions does the deltoid have?
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3 portions
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humeroulnar joint
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elbow
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which is apart of the wrist?
ulna or radius |
radius
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radioulnar
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attaches to a notch on the side of the ulna which allows movement of the radius
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when the radius crosses over the ulna what is this motion called?
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radioulnar pronation
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in radioulnar pronation/supination, which bone moves and which does not?
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radius moves over the ulna
ulna does not move during radioulnar pronation/supination |
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funny bone
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not really a bone but an ulnar nerve
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list the parts of the pelvis
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ilium, ischium, pubis
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acetabulum
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socket which the femur fits into
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quadriceps
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4 heads
rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius |
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tensor fascia lata
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muscle which tenses the fascia lata to internal rotate and abduction
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passive turnout
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someone else moves you as in a clinic
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functional turnout
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"normal" what is done in the studio
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which is better for turnout?
retroversion or anteversion |
retroversion
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typical degree of the femoral neck
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12 degrees
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anteversion
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femoral neck going forward
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retroversion
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femoral neck going backward
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what age range does the skeleton solidify
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17-18
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snapping hip
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IT band going over the greater trochanter
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tendiopathy
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injury in the tendon
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what allows hyper mobility
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collagen which is the connective tissue in the body is more pliable.
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reasons why hypermobility increases risk for injury
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because the collagen is less dense, it is more prone to injury and recovers slower.
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what are the areas of the lower extremity, thigh, and leg
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lower extremity is the entire "leg"
the thigh is the area of the femur the leg is the area of the tibia and the fibula |
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which bone is the shin bone?
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tibia
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which bone in the lower extremity is known as the weight baring bone
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tibia
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what must the femur do in order to elevate
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the femur must externally rotate
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when can the knee internally and externally rotate?
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when in flexion
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what holds the patella in place
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the quadriceps tendon
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which side does the patella usually go towards when dislocated
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the lateral side
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genu valgum
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knock knees
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genu varum
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bowed legs
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genu recurvatum
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hyperextended knees
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q angle means
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quadriceps angle
angle of pull of quads |
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why do females tend to have higher q angles
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because of wider hips
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what are the two areas of the meniscus
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lateral and medial
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where does the patellar tendon connect the quads to the tibia
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at the tibial tuberosity
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where is the biceps femoris
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lateral hamstring
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what is the longest muscle in the body
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sartorius
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calve muscles are
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the gastrocnemius and the soleus
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medial malleolus
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projection on the medial side of the ankle
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lateral malleolus
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is the projection on the lateral side of the ankle (fibula)
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talus is located
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on the top of the foot connected to the tibia and fibula
also a tarsal |
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the navicular is located
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next to the talus and is the top or "keystone" of the arch
also a tarsal |
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calcaneus is located
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at the bottom of the posterior side of the foot. aka "heel"
also a tarsal |
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how many tarsals are there?
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7
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how many metatarsals
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5
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how many phalanges
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14
1st metatarsal only has two while the rest have 3 each |
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ankle mortise
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joint between the talus and the medial and lateral malleolus
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which is "better"
high ankle or foot sprain |
foot sprain because it heals better and high ankle sprains can lead to instability problems
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which side of the foot do most injuries occur
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the lateral side of the foot
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deltoid ligament
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strong ligaments on the medial side of the ankle
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when en pointe, which ligament is most at risk of being injured
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anterior talofibular ligament
aftl |
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primary function of the subtalor joint
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inversions and eversion
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extrinsic muscles and tendons
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movers which are in the leg which have tendons which insert into the foot creating movement
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extensor digitorum longus
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extends the digits
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extensor hallucis longus
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extends the big toe
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halluce=?
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big toe
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which two bones make up the ankle joint
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the tibia and the talus
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when en pointe, which bones lock together
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the tibia locks with the talus and the calcaneous
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hallux valgus
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bunions. first metatarsal moves out medially disrupting alignment.
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os trigonum
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triangular bone "floats" behind the talus and can get in the way
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stida's process
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when extra bone fuses with the talus and it becomes a long projection
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what happens to the muscles when you have shin splints
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the muscle is starting to pull away
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tendiopathy in the Achilles tendon
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the fibers can start to degenerate and eventually lead to a rupture.
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valgus
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away from center
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pes planus
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flat foot
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pes cavus
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high arch
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