Abos - Hip & Femur - Gen Knowledge - Anatomy

Front 1

What three vessels comprise the main femoral head blood supply from birth to 4 years?

Back 1

Medial femoral circumflex
Lateral femoral circumflex
Posterior branch of obturator artery (ligamentum teres)

Front 2

What two vessels comprise the main femoral head blood supply from 4 yrs to adulthood? What surgical technique may potentially compromise this supply?

Back 2

Medial femoral circumflex to lateral epiphyseal artery
Piriformis nail may injure blood supply

Front 3

What vessel comprises the main femoral head blood supply in the adult?

Back 3

Medial femoral circumflex to posterosuperior/posteroinferior
retinacular arteries

Front 4

The medical and lateral femoral circumflex vessels are branches of what vessel?

Back 4

Profunda femoris

Front 5

What four vessels contribute to the cruciate anastomosis? Where is the anastomosis found?

Back 5

First perforating artery
Inferior gluteal artery
Medial femoral circumflex
Lateral femoral circumflex
At interior edge of quadratus femoris

Front 6

The lumbosacral plexus is composed of the ventral rami of which roots?

Back 6

T12 to 53

Front 7

The lumbosacral plexus lies posterior to what structure?

Back 7

Psoas

Front 8

The lumbosacral plexus lies on the surface of what structure?

Back 8

Quadratus lumborum

Front 9

`What nerve roots contribute to the femoral nerve?

Back 9

L2 to L4

Front 10

What nerve roots contribute to the superior gluteal nerve?

Back 10

L4 to S1

Front 11

What nerve roots contribute to the inferior gluteal nerve?

Back 11

L5 to S2

Front 12

What nerve roots contribute to the sciatic nerve?

Back 12

L4 to S3

Front 13

What division of the sciatic nerve is lateral? Why is this important?

Back 13

The peroneal division is lateral
Most commonly injured

Front 14

What is the most peroneal division innervated muscle above the knee?

Back 14

Short head of biceps

Front 15

The peroneal nerve runs under what muscle in the thigh?

Back 15

Long head of biceps

Front 16

What two structures exit the greater sciatic foramen (GSF) above the piriformis?

Back 16

Superior gluteal artery
Superior gluteal nerve

Front 17

What is the mnemonic for the six structures that exit the GSF below the piriformis?

Back 17

POPS IQ
Pudendal nerve
Nerve to obturator internus
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Sciatic nerve
Inferior gluteal artery and nerve
Nerve to quadratus femoris

Front 18

What three muscles contribute to hip flexion? What is their innervation?

Back 18

Iliopsoas
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Innervation: femoral nerve

Front 19

What two muscles extend the hip? what is their innervation?

Back 19

Gluteus maximus (innervation: inferior gluteal nerve
Hamstrings (innervation: sciatic)

Front 20

What two muscles abduct the hip? What is their innervation?

Back 20

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Front 21

What four muscles adduct the hip? What is their innervation?

Back 21

Adductor magnus (innervation: sciatic, posterior branch obturator)
Adductor brevis (innervation:posterior branch obturator)
Adductor longus (innervation: anterior branch obturator)
Gracilis (innervation: anterior branch obturator)

Front 22

What three nerves supple the external rotators of the hip?

Back 22

Nerve to obturator internus
Nerve to quadratus femoris
Nerve to piriformis

Front 23

What two structures does the nerve to the quadratus femoris innervate?

Back 23

Quadratus femoris
Inferior gemellus

Front 24

What structure does the nerve to the piriformis innervate?

Back 24

Piriformis

Front 25

What innervates the obturator externus?

Back 25

Nerve to obturator externus

Front 26

What muscle is the primary internal rotator of the hip?

Back 26

Gluteus medius

Front 27

Where does the long head of the biceps originate?

Back 27

Ischial tuberosity

Front 28

What is the origin of the short head of the biceps?

Back 28

Linea aspera

Front 29

Between what two structures does the sciatic nerve exit the GSF?

Back 29

Piriformis
Superior gemellus

Front 30

What three muscles attach to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)?

Back 30

Sartorius
Transverse abdominal muscle
Internal abdominal muscle

Front 31

What two structures are attached to the anterior inferior iliac spine(AIIS)?

Back 31

Rectus femoris
Y ligament of Bigelow

Front 32

What is the origin of the obturator internus muscle? Through what foramen does it pass? Where does it insert? What vessels lie underneath?

Back 32

Origin: internal pelvic wall
Passes through lesser sciatic foramen
Insertion: medial greater trochanter
Obturator artery and nerve underneath

Front 33

How does the nerve to the obturator internus exit the pelvis? How does it reenter? What else travels this way?

Back 33

Exits through greater sciatic foramen
Reenters lesser sciatic foramen
Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery also travel out GSF and in lesser sciatic foramen (LSF)

Front 34

What separates the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?

Back 34

Sacrospinous ligament

Front 35

How does the obturator nerve exit the pelvis?

Back 35

Through the obturator foramen

Front 36

Between what two structures does the femoral nerve lie?

Back 36

Iliacus
Psoas

Front 37

How might a psoas abscess present? What position generally provides relief?

Back 37

Psoas abscess may cause femoral or sciatic symptoms
Hip flexion may provide temporary relief

Front 38

What nerve is associated with hip pain referred to the knee?

Back 38

Anterior branch of obturator nerve