Abnormal Psychology Test 3 Dr. Hill

Front 1

Anorexia Nervosa

Back 1

A disorder in which a person refuses to maintain normal weight, has an intense fear of becoming obese, and feels fat even when emaciated

Front 2

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Back 2

Measure of body fat calculated by dividing weight in kg by heigh in meters squared; considered a more valid estimate of body fat than many others

Front 3

obese

Back 3

Currently defined as exhibiting a BMI of greater than 30

Front 4

binge eating disorder

Back 4

Categorized in DSM-IV-TR as a diagnosis in need of further study; includes recurrent episodes of unrestrained eating

Front 5

bulimia nervosa

Back 5

A disorder characterized by episodic, uncontrollable eating binges followed by purging either by vomiting or by taking laxatives.

Front 6

addiction

Back 6

the abuse of a drug sometimes accompanied by a physiological dependence on it, made evident by tolerance and withdrawal symptoms; also called substance dependence.

Front 7

amphetamines

Back 7

A group of stimulating drugs that produce heightened levels of energy and, in large doses, nervousness, sleeplessness, and paranoid delusions

Front 8

barbiturates

Back 8

A class of addictive synthetic sedatives; in large doses, can cause death by almost completely relaxing the diaphragm

Front 9

caffeine

Back 9

Perhaps the world's most popular drug; a generalized stimulant of body systems, including the sympathetic nervous system. Through seldom viewed as a drug, caffeine is addictive, produces tolerance, and subjects habitual uses to withdrawal.

Front 10

cocaine

Back 10

A pain-reducing stimulating and addictive alaloid obtained from coca leaves that increases mental powers, produces euphoria, heightens sexual desire, and in large doses causes paranoia and hallucinations

Front 11

crack

Back 11

A rock crystal form of cocaine that is heated, melted, and smoked; more often used in poorer urban areas than conventional cocaine

Front 12

cross-dependent

Back 12

Acting ontreceptors, as methadone does with heroin

Front 13

ecstasy

Back 13

A relatively new hallucinogen, chemically similar to mescaline and the amphetamines

Front 14

hallucinogen

Back 14

a drug or chemical, such as LSD, psilocybin, or mescaline, whose effects include hallucinations; often called a psychedelic

Front 15

hashish

Back 15

the dried resin of the cannabis plant, stronger in its effects than the dried leaves and stems that constitute marijuana

Front 16

heroine

Back 16

An extremely addictive narcotic drug derived from morphine

Front 17

hydrocodone

Back 17

An opiate combined with other drugs such as acetaminophen to produce prescription pain medications, including the commonly abused drug Vicodin

Front 18

LSD

Back 18

d-lysergic acid diethylamide, a drug synthesized in 1938 and discovered by accident to be a hallucinogen in 1943

Front 19

marijuana

Back 19

A drug derived from the dried and ground leaves and stems of the female hemp plant Cannabis sativa

Front 20

MDA

Back 20

Methylenedioxyamphetamine, a chemical component of Ecstasy; first synthesized in 1910 but not broadly known as psychedelic until the 1960s

Front 21

mescaline

Back 21

A hallucinogen and alkaloid that is the active ingredient of peyote

Front 22

methadone

Back 22

A synthetic addictive heroin substitute for treating those addicted to heroin that eliminates its effects and the cravings

Front 23

methamphetamine

Back 23

An amphetamine derivative whose abuse skyrocketed in the 1990's

Front 24

morphine

Back 24

An addictive narcotic alkaloid extracted from opium, used primarily as an analgesic and as a sedative

Front 25

nicotine

Back 25

The principal alkaloid of tobacco (an addicting agent).

Front 26

nitrous oxide

Back 26

A gas that, when inhaled, produces euphoria and sometimes giddiness

Front 27

opiates

Back 27

A group of addictive sedatives that in moderate doses relieve pain and induce sleep

Front 28

opium

Back 28

One of the opiates, the dried, milky juice obtained from teh immature fruit of the opium poppy; an addictive narcotic that produces euphoria and drowsiness while reducing pain

Front 29

oxycodone

Back 29

An opiate combined with other drugs to produce prescription pain medications, including the commonly abused drug OxyContin

Front 30

PCP

Back 30

Phencyclidine, also known by street names such as angel dust, PeaCE Pill , and zombi; this very powerful and hazardous drug causes profound disorientation, agitated and often violent behavior, and even seizures, coma, and death.

Front 31

Psilocybin

Back 31

A psychedelic drug extracted from teh mushroom Psilocybe mexicana

Front 32

stimulants

Back 32

a drug, such as cocaine, that increases alertness and motor activity and at the same time reduces fatigue, allowing an individual to remain awake for an extended period of time

Front 33

substance abuse

Back 33

the use of a drug to such an extent that the person is often intoxicated throughout the day and fails in important obligations and in attempts to abstain, but there is no physiological dependence

Front 34

substance dependence

Back 34

the abuse of a drug sometimes accompanied by a physiological dependence on it, made evident by tolerance and withdrawal symptoms; also called addiction

Front 35

substance related disorders

Back 35

disorders in which drugs such as alcohol and cocaine are abused to such an extent that behavior becomes maladaptive; social and occupational functioning are impaired and control or abstinence becomes impossible. Reliance on the drug may be either psychological, as in substance abuse, or physiological, as in substance dependence (addiction).

Front 36

Alogia

Back 36

A negative symptom in schizophrenia, marked by poverty of speech

Front 37

anhedonia

Back 37

A negative symptom in schizophrenia or a symptom in depression in which the individual experiences a loss of interest and pleasure

Front 38

Antipsychotic drugs

Back 38

Psychoactive drugs, such as Thorazine, that reduce psychotic symptoms but have long term side effects resembling symptoms of neurological diseases

Front 39

brief psychotic disorder

Back 39

A disorder in which a person has a sudden onset of psychotic symptoms--incoherence, loos associations, delusions, hallucinations-immediately after a severely disturbing event; the symptoms last more than 1 day but no more than 1 month.

Front 40

catatonia

Back 40

Constellation of schizophrenic symptoms including repetitive, peculiar, complex gestures and in some c ases, an almost manic increase in overall activity level

Front 41

cognitive enhancement therapy

Back 41

Also known as cognitive training, treatment that seeks to improve basic cognitive functions such as verbal learning, ability in people with schizophrenia, meanwhile reducing symptoms as well

Front 42

delusions

Back 42

beliefs contrary to reality, firmly held in spite of evidence to the contrary and common in paranoid disorders: of control, beief that one is being manipulated by some external force such as radar, television, or a creature from outer space; of grandeur, belief that one is an especially important or powerful person; of persecution, belief that one is being plotted against or oppressed by others

Front 43

dementia praecox

Back 43

An older term for schizophrenia, believed then to be an incurable and progressive deterioration of mental functioning beginning in adolescence.

Front 44

disorganized schizophrenia

Back 44

In this subtype of schizophrenia (formerly called hebephrenia), the person has diffuse and regressive symptoms; is given to silliness, facial grimaces, and inconsequential rituals; and has contantly changeable moods and poor hygiene

Front 45

dopamine theory

Back 45

The view that schizophrenia is linked to an increase in the number of dopamine system

Front 46

expressed emotion (EE)

Back 46

hostility, criticism, and emotional over involvement directed from other people toward the patient, usually within a family

Front 47

hallucinations

Back 47

perceptions in a sensory modality with out relevant and adequate external stimuli

Front 48

ideas of reference

Back 48

Delusional thinking that reads personal significance into seemingly trivial remarks or activities of others and completely unrelated events

Front 49

loose association (derailment)

Back 49

in schizophrenia, an aspect of disorganized thinking wherein the patient has difficulty sticking to one topic and drifts off on a train of associations evoked by an idea from the past

Front 50

negative symptoms

Back 50

Behavioral deficits in schizophrenia, which include flat affect, anhedonia, asociality, alogia, and avolition

Front 51

paranoid schizophrenia

Back 51

A type of schizophrenia in which the patient has numerous systematized delusions as well as hallucinations and ideas of reference. He or she may also be agitated, angry, and argumentative

Front 52

positive symptoms

Back 52

Behavioral excesses in schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and delusions

Front 53

residual schizophrenia

Back 53

Diagnosis given to patients who have had an episode of schizophrenia but who presently show no psychotic symptoms, though signs of the disorder do exist

Front 54

schizoaffective disorder

Back 54

Diagnosis applied when a patient has symptoms of both mood disorder and either schizophreniform disorder or schizophrenia

Front 55

schizophrenia

Back 55

A group of psychotic disorders characterized by major disturbances in thought, emotion, and behavior

Front 56

Schizophreniform Disorder

Back 56

Diagnosis given to people who have all the symptoms of schizophrenia for more than 2 weeks but less than 6 months

Front 57

Social Selection Theory

Back 57

An attempt to explain the correlation between social class and schizophrenia by arguing that people with schizophrenia tend to move downward in socioeconomic status

Front 58

Sociogenic Hypothesis

Back 58

An idea that seeks causes in social conditions, for example, that being in a low social class can cause one to become schizophrenia

Front 59

Undifferentiated Schizophrenia

Back 59

Diagnosis for patients whose symptoms either do not fit any listed category of schizophrenia or meet the criteria for more than one subtype