Abnormal Psychology Somatoform And Dissociative Disorders

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body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)

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Somatoform disorder having an imagined defect in appearance.

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conversion disorder

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Physical malfunctioning, such as blindness or paralysis, but no organic pathology.

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depersonalization disorder

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Distortion in perception of reality.

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derealization

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Situation in which the individual loses a sense of the reality of the external world.

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disease conviction

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Core feature of hypochondriasis; people''s firm belief that they currently have a disease, based on the misinterpretation of their own symptoms and sensations.

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dissociative amnesia

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Dissociative disorder featuring the inability to recall personal information, usually of a stressful or traumatic nature.

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dissociative disorder

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Disorder in which individuals feel detached from themselves or their surroundings and reality, experience, and identity may disintegrate.

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dissociative fugue

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Dissociative disorder featuring sudden, unexpected travel away from home, along with an inability to recall the past, sometimes with assumption of a new identity.

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dissociative identity disorder (DID)

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Formerly known as multiple personality disorder; a disorder in which as many as 100 personalities or fragments of personalities coexist within one body and mind.

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dissociative trance disorder (DTD)

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Altered state of consciousness in which people firmly believe they are possessed by spirits; considered a disorder only where there is distress and dysfunction.

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factitious disorder

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Nonexistent physical or psychological disorder deliberately faked for no apparent gain except possibly sympathy and attention.

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generalized amnesia

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Loss of memory of all personal information, including identity.

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hypochondriasis

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Somatoform disorder involving severe anxiety over belief in having a disease process without any evident physical cause.

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la belle indifférence

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Lack of distress shown by some individuals presenting conversion, somatization, or amnestic disorders.

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localized or selective amnesia

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Memory loss limited to specific times and events, particularly traumatic events.

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malingering

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Deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain.

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pain disorder

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Somatoform disorder featuring true pain but for which psychological factors play an important role in onset, severity, or maintenance.

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primary gain

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Freudian notion that anxiety reduction is the principal reinforcement obtained for the display of psychological symptoms.

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reexperiencing

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Careful and systematic visualizing and reliving of traumatic life events to diminish their power and emotional effects as a means of treating dissociative identity disorder or posttraumatic stress disorder.

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repressed memories

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Concept involving recollections of traumatic events actively eliminated from memory. Controversy surrounds whether recall that seems to occur years later is real or accurate.

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secondary gain

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Additional reinforcers beyond primary gain that a person may obtain by the display of symptoms. These may include attention, sympathy, and avoidance of unwanted responsibilities.

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somatization disorder

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Somatoform disorder focusing on multiple physical symptoms for which no medical cause is evident.

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somatoform disorders

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Pathological concern of individuals with the appearance or functioning of their bodies, usually in the absence of any identifiable medical condition.