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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anxiety
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a fundamental human emotion that produces bodily reactions that prepare us for "fight or flight"; anxiety is anticipatory; the dreaded event or situation has not yet occurred
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anxiety disorder
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fear or anxiety symptoms that interfere with an individual's day to day functioning
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panic attack
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intense fear accompanied by symptoms such as a pounding heart, trembling, shortness of breath, or fear of losing control or dying
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social phobia
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an intense, excessive fear of being scrutinized in one or more social or performance situations
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specific phobia
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an extreme fear of a specific object or situation
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exposure therapy
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therapy that involves gradually introducing the patient to increasingly difficult encounters with a feared situation
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systematic desensitization
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exposure strategy that uses muscle relaxation to reduce anxiety associated with specific and social phobias
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cognitive restructuring
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cognitive strategy that attempts to alter unrealistic thoughts that are believed to be responsible for phobias
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modeling therapy
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procedures that include filmed modeling, live modeling, and participant modeling effective in treating certain phobias
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panic disorder
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recurrent unexpected panic attacks and at least one month of apprehension over having another attack or worrying about the consequences of an attack
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agoraphobia
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an intense fear of being in public places where escape or help may not be readily available
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generalized anxiety disorder
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disorder characterized by persistant, high levels of anxiety and excessive worry over many life circumstances that are present on more days than not for more than 6 months
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obsessive-compulsive disorder
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a disorder characterized by obsessions or compulsions
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obsession
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intrusive, repetitive thought or image that produces anxiety
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compulsion
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the need to perform acts or to dwell on thoughts to reduce anxiety
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flooding
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a technique that involves continued actual or imagined exposure to a fear-arousing situation at high anxiety level
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dissociative disorder
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a group of disorders including dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, dissociative identity disorder, and depersonalization disorder, all of which involve some sort of dissociation, or separation, of part of the person's consciousness, memory, or identity
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somatoform disorder
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a disorder involving physical symptoms or complaints that have no physiological basis, believed to occur due to an underlying psychological conflict or need
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dissociative amnesia
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the partial or total loss of important personal information, sometimes occurring suddenly after a stressful or traumatic event, due to psychological, not physical, factors
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localized amnesia
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a failure to recall all the events that happened in a specific short period, often centered on some highly painful or disturbing event
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selective amnesia
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an inability to remember certain details of an incident
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generalized amnesia
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a complete loss of memory of the individual's entire life
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systematized amnesia
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the loss of memory for certain categories of information
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continuous amnesia
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an inability to recall any events that have occurred between a specific time in the past and present time
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dissociative fugue
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confusion over personal identity (often involving the partial or complete assumption of a new identity), accomplished by unexpected travel away from home
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depersonalization disorder
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disorder characterized by feelings of unreality concerning the self and the environment
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dissociative identity disorder
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a condition in which two or more relatively independent personalities appear to exist in one person
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malingering
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faking a disorder to achieve a specific goal
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factitious disorder
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a mental disorder in which the symptoms of physical or mental illnesses are deliberately induced or simulated with no apparent incentive
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somatization disorder
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a disorder involving chronic complaints of specific bodily symptoms that have no physical basis
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undifferentiated somatoform disorder
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the diagnosis given an individual who does not fully meet the criteria for somatization disorder but who has at least one physical complaint of six months' duration
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conversion disorder
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physical problems or impairments in sensory or motor functioning controlled by the voluntary nervous system that suggest a neurological disorder but with no underlying organic cause
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pain disorder
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a disorder characterized by reports of severe pain that appear to have no physiological or neurological basis, that are in excess of what would be expected from an existing physical condition, or that linger long after a physical injury has healed
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hypochondriasis
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a persistent preoccupation with one's health and physical condition, even in the face of physical evaluations that reveal no organic problems
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body dysmorphic disorder
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preoccupation with an imagined defect in appearance in a normal-appearing person or an excessive concern over a slight physical defect
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stressor
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an external event or situation that places a physical or psychological demand on a person
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stress
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an internal psychological or physiological response to a stressor
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acute stress disorder
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disorder characterized by anxiety, dissociative symptoms that occur within one month after exposure to a traumatic stressor
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posttraumatic stress disorder
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disorder characterized by anxiety, dissociative and other symptoms that last for more than one month and that occur as a result of exposure to extreme trauma
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psychophysiological disorder
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any physical disorder that has a strong psychological basis or component
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coronary heart disease
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the narrowing of cardiac arteries, resulting in the restriction in the restriction or partial blockage of the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart
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essential hypertension
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a chronic condition characterized by blood pressure of 140 over 90 or higher
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migrane headache
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moderate to severe pain resulting from constriction of the cranial arteries followed by dilation of the cerebral blood vessels
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tension headache
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produced by rpolonged contraction of the scalp and neck muscles, resulting in vascular constriction and steady pain
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cluster headache
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excruciating stabbing or burning sensations located in the eye or cheek
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asthma
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chronic inflammatory disease of the airways in the lungs
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general adaptation syndrome
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a three stage model for understanding the bodys physical and psychological reactions to biological stressors
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relaxation training
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therapeutic technique in which a person acquires the ability to relax the muscles of the body in almost any circumstances
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biofeedback training
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a therapeutic approach that combines physiological and behavioral approaches, in which a patient receives information regarding particular autonomic functions and is rewarded for influencing those functions in a desired direction
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personality disorder
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a disorder characterized by inflexible, long-standing, and maladaptive personality traits that cause significant functional impairment, subjective distress, or a combination of both for the individual
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paranoid personality disorder
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a personality disorder characterized by unwarranted suspiciousness, hypersensitivity, and a reluctance to trust others
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schizoid personality disorder
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characterized by social isolation, emotional coldness, and indifference to others
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schizotypal personality disorder
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characterized by peculiar thoughts and behaviors and by poor interpersonal relationships
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antisocial personality disorder
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characterized by a failure to conform to social and legal codes, by a lack of anxiety and guilt, and by irresponsible behaviors
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borderline personality disorders
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characterized by intense fluctuations in mood, self-image, and interpersonal relationships
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histronic personality disorder
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characterized by self-dramatization, exaggerates expression of emotions, and attention-seeking behaviors
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narcissistic personality disorder
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characterized by an exaggerated sense of self-importance, an exploitative attitude, and a lack of empathy
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avoidant personality disorder
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characteized by a fear of rejection and humiliation and reluctance to enter into social relationships
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dependant personality disorder
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characterized by reliance on other and an unwillingness to assume responsibility
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obsessive-compulsive personailty disorder
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characterized by perfectionism, a tendency to be interpersonally controlling, devotion to details, and rigidity
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impulse control disorder
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disorder in which the person fails to resist an impulse or temptation to perform some act that is harmful to the person or to others; the person feels tension before the act and release after it
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intermittent explosive disorder
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impulse control disorder characterized by separate and discrete episodes of loss of control over agressive impulses, resulting in serious assaults on others or destruction of property
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kleptomania
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impulse control disorder characterized by recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects
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pathological gambling
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impulse control disorder in which the essential feature is a chronic and progressive failure to resist impulses to gamble
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pyromania
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impulse control disorder having the main feature deliberate and purposeful fire setting on more than one occasion
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trichotillomania
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impulse control disorder characterized by an inability to resist impulses to pull out one's own hair
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internet addiction
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new impulse control disorder characterized by persons using the internet so frequently that they isolate themselves from family and friends
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