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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abnormal behavior |
A person's trait, thinking or behavior is classified as abnormal if it is rare or statistically unusual |
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DSM-IV-TR |
A system of classification, published by the American Psychiatric Association, which divides recognized mental disorders into clearly defined categories based on sets of objective criteria |
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Insanity |
Insanity may manifest as violations of societal norms, including a person becoming a danger to themselves or others, though not all such acts are considered insanity |
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Medical model |
Treats mental disorders in the same way as physical disorders |
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Neurosis |
A relatively mild mental illness that is not caused by organic disease, involving symptoms of stress (depression, anxiety, obsessive behavior, hypochondria) but not a radical loss of touch with reality |
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Psychiatry |
The study and treatment of mental illness, emotional disturbance and abnormal behavior |
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Psychosis |
A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality |
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Anxiety disorder |
Very serious; for people with anxiety disorders, worry and fear are constant and overwhelming and can be crippling
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Generalized anxiety disorder |
A psychological disorder characterized by excessive or disproportionate anxiety about several aspects of life, such as work, social relationships or financial matters |
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder |
An anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear or worry (obsessions), repetitive behaviors aimed at reducing the associated anxiety (compulsions), or a combination of such obsessions and compulsions |
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Panic disorder |
One experiences sudden and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as chest pain, heart palpitations, breathlessness, vertigo or abdominal distress |
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Phobia |
An extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something |
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Bipolar disorder |
A mental disorder marked by alternating periods of elation and depression |
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Learned helplessness |
A mental state in which an organism forced to bear aversive stimuli, or stimuli that are painful or otherwise unpleasant, becomes unable or unwilling to avoid subsequent encounters with those stimuli, even if they are “escapable,” presumably because it has learned that it cannot control the situation |
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Major depressive disorder |
A mood disorder having a clinical course involving one or more episodes of serious psychological depression lasting two or more weeks each with no intervening episodes of mania |
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Mood disorder |
A psychological disorder characterized by the elevation or lowering of a person's mood, such as depression or bipolar disorder |
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Delusions |
A rigid system of beliefs with which a person is preoccupied and to which the person firmly holds, despite the logical absurdity of the beliefs and a lack of supporting evidence |
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Diathesis-stress model |
Tries to explain how biology and environment work together on people's minds; according to this model, people are born with a certain biological or genetic predisposition to a mental illness |
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Dopamine hypothesis |
A theory that argues that the unusual behavior and experiences associated with schizophrenia (sometimes extended to psychosis in general) can be fully or largely explained by changes in dopamine function in the brain |
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Hallucinations |
An experience involving the apparent perception of something not present |
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Schizophrenia |
A long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation |
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Antisocial personality disorder |
A mental health condition in which a person has a long-term pattern of manipulating, exploiting, or violating the rights of others; this behavior is often criminal |
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Borderline personality disorder |
A mental health disorder that generates significant emotional instability |
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Comorbidity |
The simultaneous presence of two chronic diseases or conditions in a patient |
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Dissociative identity disorder (DID) |
A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states |
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Personality disorders |
A deeply ingrained and maladaptive pattern of behavior of a specified kind, typically manifest by the time one reaches adolescence and causing long-term difficulties in personal relationships or in functioning in society |
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Substance-related disorders |
A patterned use of a substance (drug) in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods which are harmful to themselves or others |
