Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Depersonalization
|
Perception alters so that you temporarily lose the sense of your own reality.
|
|
|
Derealization
|
Your sense of reality of the external world is lost.
|
|
|
Depersonalization disorder
|
Recurrent experiences of feeling detached from (as if one is an outside observer of one's mental processes or body)
Reality is still intact |
|
|
Organically based amnesia
|
Most common cause is Alzheimer's
Earliest signs = memory problems Progressive. Have trouble consolidating new memories. Amyloid plaques and neurofiber tangles form in the brain. No cure yet |
|
|
Retrograde amnesia
|
Loose all memory of events that happened before the brain injury
|
|
|
Anterograde amnesia
|
loose memory of events that happened after brain injusry
|
|
|
Psychogenic (Dissociative) Amnesia
|
Inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness.
Usually get memory back all at once (does not happen with biological based type) |
|
|
Psychogenic (Dissociative) Fuge
|
Fugitive
Individual takes off and later find themselves in a new place, unable to remember why or how they got there. Usually leave behind an intolerable situation. Usually assumes a new identity or confused about the old one. Most recover |
|
|
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
|
A) Presence of 2 or more distinct identities or personality states.
--Different from schizophrenia (1 personality broken into pieces) --This is a # of personalities --Each have different ways of thinking, relating to enviornment and self B) At least 2 of identities take control of person's behavior C) Inability to recall personal information that is too ordinary to blame on forgetfulness D) Cannot be from substance abuse or due to general medical condition |
|
|
Insanity
|
Legal term
Inability to tell right from wrong or Mental defect and could not help it |
|
|
Hillside Strangler
Kenneth Binoke |
Kidnapped women, strangled them, and them into the hillsides.
Pled: Insanity Apparently Bob was in there who was the crazy murder. Mark Orne (expert on hypnosis) came in and let it slip that he had never seen a case with only 2 personalities. Then hypnotized him and talks to Bob and then Johnny emerges! Concluded that he was faking and also found old textbooks with DID parts highlighted. |
|
|
Antrogenic
|
A disorder caused by treatment
|
|
|
Somatoform disorders
|
Soma = body
Problems preoccupying these people seem to be physical disorders. What the disorders have in common is that there is usually no identifable medical condition causing the physical complaints. |
|
|
Hypochondriasis
|
Preoccupation of fear of having a serious disease based on misinterpretation of bodily symptoms. Person believes they are sick.
Persists despite medical evaluation and reassurance. Belief is not of delusional intensity (or would be psychotic-- bones turning to rubber) Has to have for 6 months |
|
|
Conversion Disorder
|
Person has 1+ symptoms that effect voluntary motor or sensory functioning. Typically manifests as neurological form. Paralysis, blindness, feelings of numbness
Onset of disorder associated with stress |
|
|
Somatization Disorder
|
Very extensive history of wide range of physical complaints. Has to begin before age 30. Has to last several years. Results in person getting treatment. Stress is not enough here
Need to have some symptoms from each group: 1) Pain: at least 4 2) Gastrointenstinal: at least 2 3) Sexual: at least 1 4) Pseudo neurological: at least 1 |
|
|
HM
|
Famous patient who recently died. Bilaterally removed hippocampus surgically. Cut out because had uncontrollable seizures. No cannot form new memories.
Give test to HM to see if it requires memory. If he can do, then memory not need. If you take test and say can do it, then malingering!! |
|
|
Factiscious disorder
|
Wants to gain medical attention by faking symptoms. Want exploratory surgery for the heck of it
|
|
|
Malingering
|
Faking
What is this person trying to get? Has a motive. Faking paralyzation for law suit. |
|
|
Pain Disorder
|
Pain in one or more anatomical sites
|
|
|
Body Dismorphic Disorder
|
Preoccupation with image defective in appearance. If slight anomaly is there, then the concern needs to be unreasonable.
Not associated with other cause. Weight = anorexia High risk of suicide |
|
|
Krapelin
|
--Catonia (alternating immobility and excited agitation)
--Hebephrenia (silly and immature emotions) --Paranoia (delusions of grandeur or persecution) Thought the shared features: dementia praecox Early age of onset and poor outcome were characteristic; in contrast, these patterns were not essential to manic depression |
|
|
Bleuler
|
Coined the term schizophrenia
Splitting of mind: one mind and it is no longer integrated. Four As: 1) Abnormal thought association = breakdown of mental associations, loose associations with speech) 2) Affective abnormality = emotional problem, flat affect/inappropriate affect 3) Ambliviance (contradiction) 4) Autism (turning inward and away from the rest of the world |
|
|
Schneider
|
First Rank Symptoms
Only need 1 of these and get diagnosis of schizophrenia -Thought insertion -Made feelings/impulses/actions/somatic sensations (type of delusion) -Third person auditory hallucinations -Thought echo (hear with your ears outside of your head) 58% of patients show at least one FRS 20% never show FRS |
|
|
Positive symptoms
|
Distortions or exaggerations of normal behaviors
Hallucination: perception Delusions: thinking Disorganized speech: thought/language Bizarre behavior: behavior monitoring |
|
|
Negative symptoms
|
lessening or diminution of normal functions
Alorgia: lack of fluent speech Affective blunting: lack of facial expression Avolition: lack of motivation and drive Anhedonia: lack of capacity to enjoy Asociality: lack of interpersonal |
|
|
Schizophrenic diagnosis
|
At least 2 of the following each present for 1 month:
-Delusions -Hallucinations -Disorganized speech -Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior -Negative symptoms Continuous signs of disturbance for 6 months |
|
|
Chronic course
|
1) Prodromal phase
Precedes the active phase, usually 1 year Mild changes in behavior 2) Active phase Psychotic symptoms 3) Residual phase Similar to prodromal phase, through role impairment may be worse. Psychotic symptoms may persist |
|
|
3 subtypes of Schizophrenia
|
Paranoid Type
Disorganized Type Catatonic Type |
|
|
Paranoid Type
|
Preoccupation with delusions and hallucinations
No disorganized speech or catatonia or flat affect |
|
|
Disorganized Type
|
Disorganized speech; behavior, often inappropriate
Does not meet criteria for catatonic type |
|
|
Catatonic Type
|
Clinical picture with at least 2:
motor immobility, stupor (waxy inflexibility), excess motor activity, extreme negativism or mutism, peculiarities of movement, echolalia, echopraxia |
|
|
Good outcome associated with
|
Females
Older age of onset Married Higher SES Living in a developing country Good premorbid personality No previous psych history Good education, employment record Acute onset, affective symptoms, good compliance with meds |
|
|
Pathophysiology
|
Neurodevelopmental disorder
-due to abnormality in the early stages of brain growth -Manifested in subtle deficits during childhood |
|
|
Abnormal pruning
|
Leads to a greater loss of cortical gray matter (cell bodies) than normal
Important connections may be cut- lets to misconnections and lack of connections |
|
|
Abnormal Brain Structure
|
Increase ventricle size/CSF leads to decrease in tissue in cerebrum
-Mostly gray matter -Mostly in frontal and temporal lobe -Cells not decreased, but branches are SUBTLE change |
