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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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assessment
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the process of gathering and organizing information about a person's behavior
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diagnosis
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the process of determining the nature of a person's disorder. In the case of psychopathology, deciding that a person fits into a particular diagnostic category, such as schizophrenia or major depressive disorder.
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classification system
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system for grouping together objects or organisms that share certain properties in common. In psychopathology, the set of categories in the DSM-IV that describes mental disorders.
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categorical approach to classifcation
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a view of classification based on the assumptions that there are QUALITATIVE differences between normal and abnormal behavior as well as between one form of abnormal behavior and other forms of abnormal behaviors
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dimensional approach to classifcation
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a view of classification based ont he assumption that behavior is distributed on a continuum from normal to abnormal. Differences between one type of behavior and another are QUANTITATIVE rather than qualitiative in nature.
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culture-bound syndromes
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patterns of erratic or unusual thinking and behavior that have been identified in diverse societes around the world and do not fit easily into the other diagnostic categories that are listed in the main body of the DSM
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reliability
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the consistency of measurements, including diagnostic decisions.
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validity
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meaning or importance of a measurement (diagnosis)
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etiological validity
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concerned with factors that contribute ot the onset of the disorder.
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concurrent validity
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concerned with the present time and with correlations between the disorder and other symptoms, circumstances and test procedures
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predictive validity
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concerned with the future and with the stability of the problem over time
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comorbidity
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the simultaneous appearance of two or more disorders in the same person
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behavioral coding systems
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focus on the frequency of specific behavioral events
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rating scale
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the observer is asked to make judgments that place the person somewhere along a dimension.
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personality inventories
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series of straightforward statements that the person is required to rate or endorse as being either true or false in relation to himself or herself
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actuarial interpretation
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analsis of test results based on an explicit set of rules derived from empirical research
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projective tests
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personality tests, such as the Rorschach inkblot test, in which the person is asked to interpret a series of ambiguous stimuli.
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