Abnormal Psych Test 2

Front 1

Dissociative Disorders

Back 1

-person's identity, memory, and/or consciousness are disrupted involuntarily
-may have sudden return of memory
-all rare disorders, often triggered by stress

Front 2

Dissociative Amnesia

Back 2

-partial or total loss of memory after a stressful or traumatic event

Front 3

Dissociative Fugue

Back 3

-confusion over personal identity
-often take on new identity

Front 4

Depersonalization Disorder

Back 4

-a feeling of not being present, dream-like state

Front 5

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Back 5

-AKA Multipersonality Disorder
-At least two personalities
-causes: severe childhood trauma, psychoanalytical=ego not able to repress the id, behavioral=people unable to deal with conflict more prone
-treatment: talking about trauma (caution: very susceptible to what therapist says: iatrogenic effects)

Front 6

Somatoform Disorders (def)

Back 6

-person has involuntary physical symptoms caused by psychological conflicts

Front 7

Malingering vs Factitious vs Munchausen

Back 7

Malingering: faking to achieve some goal
Factitious: faking for no apparent gain, or, gain is simply to be a patient
Munchausen: faking in order to attain medical attention, but brought to the extreme by cutting oneself to put blood in their own urine, for example.

Front 8

Somatization Disorder vs. Conversion Disorder

Back 8

Somatization: history of physical complaints that involve 4 or more pain symptoms in 2 or more parts of the body, with no physiological explanation.

Conversion: loss of physical functioning due to psychological conflict--usually temporary loss of vision or paralysis.

Front 9

Pain Disorder

Back 9

-severe pain with no physiological explanation.

Front 10

Hypochondriasis

Back 10

-person who actually has physical symptoms, but exaggerates the severity of the symptoms.
-neurotic parents, attention

Front 11

Cognitive method of dealing with Somatoform Disorders

Back 11

The way one interprets arousal is how the disorder persists. Change perceptions so it isn't a threat.

Front 12

Lymphocytes

Back 12

-white blood cells that recognize and destroy bacteria, viruses, tumors
-Stress hormones destroy lymphocytes, more susceptible to health probs.

Front 13

Learned Helplessness

Back 13

-major cause of learned helplessness

Front 14

Hardy Personality Traits (3)

Back 14

1) Sees life's obstacles as challenges to overcome, not a disaster.
2) Sense of control over their life.
3) Committed to certain values (family, work, church)

Front 15

Self-efficacy

Back 15

Belief in your own ability to make a change

Front 16

Type A Personality (effects and 3 traits)

Back 16

-higher risk of coronary heart failure and heart attack
1)impatient
2)hostile
3)cynical

Front 17

Migraines

Back 17

-artery constriction and expansion, nerves connected to arteries
-moderate pain
-food and chemicals cause

Front 18

Tension

Back 18

-constriction of neck muscles
-not as severe as migraine

Front 19

Cluster

Back 19

-pain above eye and cheekbone
-lasts 15 minutes or longer, stops abruptly

Front 20

Personality Disorders (general info)

Back 20

-chronic inflexible, maldaptive
-Begins during adolescence, but cant be diagnosed until 18/6 months

Front 21

Odd & Eccentric: Paranoid Personality Disorder

Back 21

-unwarranted suspicousness, constantly questioning others' motives, distant, bears grudges
-psychoanalytic perspective on cause: projection, denying their unacceptable sexual and aggressive desires
-can be helped by psychotherapy

Front 22

Odd & Eccentric: Schizoid

Back 22

-emotionally cold, socially isolated, indifference to social interaction, very little pleasure in life
-causes: biological or raised in household with no attachment
-treatment: medication

Front 23

Odd & Eccentric: Schizotypal

Back 23

-peculiar thoughts, magical thinking, poor relationships, , vague and inappropriate speech and affect.
-treatment: medication

Front 24

Dramatic or Emotional: Histrionic

Back 24

-overly dramatic, emotional for the purpose of seeking attention, flirtatious, emotionally shallow
-causes: not enough attention as child
-treatment: only give attention to non-histrionic behavior

Front 25

Dramatic or Emotional: Narcissistic

Back 25

-exaggerated self-importance, sense of entitlement, fantasies of wealth and power, dominant in relationships, overestimate their talents
-causes: low self esteem and insecurity
-treatment: normalize their insecurities

Front 26

Dramatic or Emotional: Antisocial

Back 26

-psychopath, against society's norms and laws, hostile impulsive, shallow in relationships, callous, unemotional
-1% of population has this disorder, but commit 50% of the crime. Behaviors can start at age 5.
-causes: id is calling the shots, no ego; underdeveloped autonomic nervous system; abuse, neglect, inconsistent discipline
-treatment: usually court-ordered, medications

Front 27

Dramatic or Emotional: Borderline

Back 27

-intense fluctuations in mood, self-perceptions, and interpersonal relationships; feelings of emptiness and lack of purpose; tendency to see people as all good, or all bad; enmeshed relationships, no border between self and others
-causes: traumatic attachments, faulty self-identity, inability to cope with emotions
-treatment: examine patient's internalizations, dispute their perceptions and provide a more hopeful explanation.

Front 28

Anxious or Fearful: Avoidant

Back 28

-intense fear of rejection, low self-esteem, wants connections but fears humiliation too much.
-causes: biological factors, brain chemistry, early childhood rejection

Front 29

Anxious or Fearful: Dependent

Back 29

-overly relies on others, won't take responsibility, lacks self-confidence, wont rock the bat in a relationship
-causes: lack of attachment
-treatment: explore successes, source of failures

Front 30

Anxious or Fearful: Obsessive Compulsive

Back 30

-extremely orderly perfectionistic, rigid thoughts, focus on details and rules, concrete right and wrong.+
-causes: need for control.

Front 31

Codependent Personality

Back 31

-NOT A DISORDER
-get others to overly rely on you to feel needed.

Front 32

Alcohol and the brain

Back 32

-first affects frontal lobe (reasoning), then cerebellum (balance), and then the medulla (breathing, respiration, consciousness)

Front 33

Alcohol and the liver

Back 33

-alcohol is metabolized in the liver to form acetaldehyde (poisonous).
-Enzyme ADH turns it into acetic acid
-Antabuse, used once a week, blocks the enzyme and causes the recipient to vomit.

Front 34

Naltrexone

Back 34

-reduces craving and pleasurable effects of drinking by stopping dopamine.

Front 35

Nicotine (3)

Back 35

1) Crosses blood/brain barrier
2) increases dopamine and norepinephrene
3) Wears off in half an hour

Front 36

Benzodiazepines

Back 36

-GABA (neurotransmitter), anti-anxiety

Front 37

Marijuana

Back 37

-increases senses (stimulates amygdala), decreases energy (glucose) and affects judgement (blood flow to frontal cortex

Front 38

Systematized Amnesia

Back 38

-loss of memory for selected types of information

Front 39

Meichenbaum

Back 39

Cognitive/Behavioral therapist- gave patients homework and EXPLAINED the rationale behind it.

Front 40

Defense Mechanisms (7)

Back 40

-repression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization, displacement, undoing, regression

Front 41

Reaction Formation

Back 41

-repression of dangerous impulses, followed by converting them into their direct opposite

Front 42

Rationalization

Back 42

-explaining one's behavior by giving well-thought-out and socially acceptable reasons that do not happen to be the real ones.

Front 43

Undoing

Back 43

-a symbolic attempt, often ritualistic or repetitive, to right a wrong or negate some disapproved thought, impulse or act.