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992 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The abbreviation "D5NS" means what?
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Dextrose 5% in normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride)
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The abbreviation "D5W" means what?
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Dextrose 5% in water
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The abbreviation "D10W" means what?
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Dextrose 10% in water
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The abbreviation "elix" means what?
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Elixir
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The abbreviation "inj." means what?
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Injection
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The abbreviation "NS" means what?
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Normal saline
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The abbreviation "1/2 NS" means what?
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Half-strength normal saline
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The abbreviation "oint" or "ungt" means what?
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Ointment
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The abbreviation "pulv" means what?
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Powder
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The abbreviation "RL, R/L, or LR" means what?
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Ringer's lactate or Lactated Ringer's
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The abbreviation "sol" means what?
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Solution
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The abbreviation "supp" means what?
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Suppository
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The abbreviation "susp" means what?
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Suspension
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The abbreviation "syr" means what?
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Syrup
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The abbreviation "tab" means what?
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Tablet
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The abbreviation "CIVI" means what (referring to route of administration)?
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Continuous (24 hour) intravenous infusion
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The abbreviation "ID" means what (referring to route of administration)?
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Intradermal
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The abbreviation "IM" means what (referring to route of administration)?
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Intramuscular
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The abbreviation "IT" means what (referring to route of administration)?
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Intrathecal
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The abbreviation "IV" means what (referring to route of administration)?
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Intravenous
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The abbreviation "IVB" means what (referring to route of administration)?
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Intravenous bolus
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The acronym "ACE" refers to what?
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme
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The acronym "AIDS" refers to what?
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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
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The acronym "APGAR" refers to what?
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Appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration
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The acronym "BUN" refers to what?
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blood, urea, nitrogen
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The acronym "CABG" refers to what?
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coronary artery bypass graft
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The acronym "CAT" refers to what?
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computerized axial tomography (older name for CT)
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The acronym "CPAP" refers to what?
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continuous positive airway pressure
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The acronym "ELISA" refers to what?
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enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
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The acronym "GERD" refers to what?
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gastroesophageal reflux disease
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The acronym "HAART" refers to what?
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highly active antiretroviral therapy
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The acronym "HIPAA" refers to what?
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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
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The acronym "LASER" refers to what?
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light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
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The acronym "LEEP" refers to what?
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Loop electrocautery excision procedure
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The acronym "MAC" refers to what?
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monitored anesthesia care
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The acronym "MICU" refers to what?
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Medical intensive care unit
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The acronym "MIS" refers to what?
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minimally invasive surgery
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The acronym "MODS" refers to what?
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multiorgan dysfunction syndrome
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The acronym "MUGA" refers to what?
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multiple-gated acquisition (scan)
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The acronym "NICU" refers to what?
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neonatal intensive care unit
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The acronym "NSAID" refers to what?
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nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
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The acronym "PACS" refers to what?
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picture archival communications system
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The acronym "PALS" refers to what?
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pediatric advanced life support
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The acronym "PEEP" refers to what?
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positive end expiratory pressure
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The acronym "PEG" refers to what?
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percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
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The acronym "PERRLA" refers to what?
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pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation
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The acronym "PET" refers to what?
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positron emission tomography
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The acronym "PICU" refers to what?
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pediatric intensive care unit
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The acronym "PIP" refers to what?
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proximal interphalangeal joint
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The acronym "pixel" refers to what?
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picture of element
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The acronym "PUVA" refers to what?
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psoralen ultraviolet A
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The acronym "REM" refers to what?
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rapid eye movement
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The acronym "SAD" refers to what?
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seasonal affective disorder
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The acronym "SARS" refers to what?
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severe acute respiratory syndrome
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The acronym "SERM" refers to what?
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selective estrogen receptor modulator
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The acronym "SICU" refers to what?
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surgical intensive care unit
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The acronym "SIDS" refers to what?
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sudden infant death syndrome
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The acronym "SMAC" refers to what?
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sequential multiple analyzer computer (blood testing)
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The acronym "SOAP" refers to what?
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subjective, objective, assessment, plan
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The acronym SPECT" refers to what?
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single-photon emission computed tomography
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The acronym "SPORE" refers to what?
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specialized programs of research excellence
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The acronym "TENS" refers to what?
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transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
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The acronym "TRUS" refers to what?
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transrectal ultrasound
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The acronym "TURP" refers to what?
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transurethral resection of the prostate
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The acronym "VATS" refers to what?
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video-assisted thoracoscopy
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The acronym "voxel" refers to what?
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volume element (of CT scan)
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug senna?
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SEN - uh
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug loperamide?
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low-PEHR-uh-mide
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of the generic drug polyethylene glycol 3350
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pol-ee-ETH-il-een GLYE-kol 3350
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What are the brand names for the generic drug senna?
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Senokot and ex-lax
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What is the brand name for the generic drug loperamide?
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Imodium A-D
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What are the brand names for the generic drug polyethylene glycol 3350?
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Miralax and Glycolax
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What is the therapeutic class for the drug senna?
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Stimulant laxative
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What is the therapeutic class for the drug loperamide?
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Antidiarrheal
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What is the therapeutic class for the drug polyethylene glycol 3350?
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Laxative, hyperosmotic
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What are the common indications for senna?
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Short-term treatment of constipation, evacuation of the bowel prior to rectal or bowel examination.
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What are the common indications for loperamide?
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Acute and chronic diarrhea, Traveler's Diarrhea
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What are the common indications for polyethylene glycol 3350?
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Constipation
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What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for senna?
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Intestinal obstruction, acute intestinal inflammation (e.g, Crohn's disease), appendicitis (nausea, vomiting, or other symptoms of appendicitis), colitis ulcerosa, abdominal pain of unknown origin
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What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for loperamide?
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Hypersensitivity to loperamide or any of its components, not for use in children under 2 years, bacterial enterocolitis (caused by invasive organisms including Salmonella, Shigella & Campylobacter), Pseudomembranous Colitis (assoc. w/ use of broad spectrum antibiotics), acute ulcerative colitis, acute dysentery, abdominal pain in the absence of diahrrea
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What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for polyethylene glycol 3350?
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hypersensitivity to polyethylene glycol or any of its components; bowel obstruction, known or suspected
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What is the usual dosing for senna?
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Adult 12yrs and up: For Constipation: Oral: Sennosides 15 mg once daily (max. 70-100 mg/day. divided twice daily) For Bowel evacuation: Oral: Sennosides 130mg btwn 2-4 pm the afternoon of the day prior to procedure. Pediatric: (as applicable) Constipation: 2-6 yrs: Sennosides: Initial: 3.75 mg once daily (max. 15 mg/day, divided twice daily), Senna Concentrate: 33.3 mg/mL: 5-10 mL up to twice daily. 6-12 years: Sennosides: Initial: 8.6 mg once daily (max. 50 mg/day, divided twice daily). Senna Concentrate: 33.3 mg/mL: 10-30 mL up to twice daily
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What is the usual dosing for loperamide?
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Adults 12 and up: 4mg followed by 2mg after each subsequent loose stool, max. 16 mg in 24 hrs. Children 8-12 yrs (>30kg) 2 mg orally 3 times a day. Children 6-8 yrs (20-30kg) 2mg orally twice a day. Children under 2-5yrs (13-20kg) 1 mg orally 3 times a day.
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What is the usual dosing for polyethylene glycol?
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Adults and children 17 and up: 17g (about 1 heaping tbsp) per day dissolved in 4-8 oz water, juice, soda, coffee or tea. Max recommended duration of OTC treatment for acute constipation 14 days. Max recommended duration for treatment of chronic constipation is 6 months. Children 16 and under must not use unless directed by a dr.
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of senna?
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Common: abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.
Serious: nephritis, melanotic pigmentation of the colonic mucosa |
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of loperamide?
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Common: constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, somnolence, fatigue, xerostomia, hyperglycemia.
Serious: necrotizing enterocolitis in fetus or newborn (rare) |
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of polyethylene glycol 3350?
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Common: diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, stomach cramps, swollen abdomen, urticaria.
Serious: n/a |
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for senna?
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Once daily dose should be given at bedtime. Granules may be eaten plain, sprinkled on food, or mixed in liquids. Stop use and contact prescriber if you develop nausea, vomiting, persistent diarrhea, or abdominal cramps. If constipation worsens or you experience no relief, contact prescriber.
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for loperamide?
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Appropriate fluid and electrolyte replacement should be given as needed. May cause drowsiness. Patient should avoid activities requiring mental alertness or coordination until drug effects are realized. Patients with acute diarrhea should notify healthcare professional if no clinical improvement is observed w/in the first 48hrs. Patient should maintain adequate hydration during treatment.
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for polyethylene glycol 3350?
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Dissolve in 4-8 ounces of water, juice, soda, coffee or tea (any temperature). Advise patients that symptomatic improvement may not be seen for 2-4 days. This drug is available in multiple brand names with varying properties by brand. Instruct patient to follow the administration instructions specific to the prescribed brand with regards to meals, timing and precautions. Patients should not take this drug for more than 2 weeks unless approved by a healthcare professional.
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The abbreviation "AU" means what?
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each ear (auris uterque)
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The abbreviation "AV" means what?
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arteriovenous; atrioventricular
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The abbreviation ʺA&Wʺ means what?
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alive and well
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The abbreviation ʺBEʺ means what?
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barium enema
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The abbreviation ʺbidʺ or "b.i.d." means what?
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twice a day (bis in die)
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The acronym ʺB cellsʺ means what?
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white blood cells (lymphocytes) produced in bone marrow
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The abbreviation ʺBMʺ means what?
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bowel movement; bone marrow
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The abbreviation ʺBMTʺ means what?
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bone marrow transplant
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The abbreviation ʺBPʺ or "B/P" means what?
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blood pressure
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The abbreviation ʺBPHʺ means what?
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benign prostatic hypertrophy (hyperplasia)
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The acronym ʺBronchʺ means what?
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bronchoscopy
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The abbreviation ʺbsʺ means what?
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blood sugar; bowel sounds; breath sounds
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The abbreviation ʺBSEʺ means what?
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breast self-examination
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The abbreviation ʺBSOʺ means what?
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bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
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The abbreviation ʺBUNʺ means what?
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blood urea nitrogen (test of kidney function)
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The abbreviation ʺBWʺ means what?
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birth weight
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The abbreviation ʺBx" or "bx" means what?
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biopsy
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The abbreviation ʺcˉ" means what?
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with
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The abbreviation ʺC1, C2" means what?
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first cervical vertebra, second cervical vertebra
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The abbreviation ʺCA" means what?
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cancer; carcinoma; cardiac arrest; chronological age
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The abbreviation ʺCa" means what?
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calcium
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The abbreviation "KS" means what?
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Kaposi sarcoma (malignant lesion associated with AIDS)
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The abbreviation "KUB" means what?
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kidneys, ureters, bladder (x-ray study without contrast)
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The abbreviation "L,l" means what?
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left; liter; lower
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The abbreviations "L1" & "L2" mean what?
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first lumbar vertebra, second lumbar vertebra
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The abbreviation "LA" means what?
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left atrium
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The abbreviation "LAD" means what?
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left anterior descending artery (of the heart); lymphadenopathy
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The abbreviation "lat" means what?
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lateral
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The abbreviation "LBP" means what?
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low back pain; low blood pressure
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The abbreviation "LDH" means what?
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lactate dehydrogenase (elevations associated with heart attacks)
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The abbreviation "LDL" means what?
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low-density lipoprotein (high levels associated with heart disease)
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The abbreviation "LE" means what?
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lupus erythematosus
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The acronym "LEEP" means what?
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loop electrocautery excision procedure (loop electrosurgical excision procedure)
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The abbreviation "LES" means what?
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lower esophageal sphincter
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The abbreviation "LFTs" means what?
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liver function tests
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The abbreviation "LLQ" means what?
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left lower quadrant (of the abdomen)
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The abbreviation "LMP" means what?
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last menstrual period
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The abbreviation "LP" means what?
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lumbar puncture
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The abbreviation "LPN" means what?
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licensed practical nurse
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The abbreviation "LTB" means what?
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laryngotracheal bronchitis (croup)
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The abbreviation "LUQ" means what?
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left upper quadrant (of the abdomen)
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The abbreviation "LV" means what?
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left ventricle
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The abbreviation "c/o" means what?
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complains of
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The abbreviation "CO2" means what?
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carbon dioxide
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The abbreviation "COPD" means what?
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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The abbreviation "CP" means what?
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cerebral palsy or chest pain
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The abbreviation "CPAP" means what?
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continuous positive airway pressure (provided by machine to aid patients with sleep apnea)
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The abbreviation "CPD" means what?
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cephalopelvic disproportion
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The abbreviation "CPR" means what?
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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The abbreviation "C&S or C+S" means what?
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culture and sensitivity (testing)
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The abbreviation "C-section or CS" means what?
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cesarean section
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The abbreviation "CSF" means what?
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cerebrospinal fluid
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The abbreviation "CT scan" means what?
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computer tomography scan (x-ray images in cross-sectional view)
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The abbreviation "CVA" means what?
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cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
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The abbreviation "c/w" means what?
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compare with or consistent with
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The abbreviation "CX or CXR" means what?
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chest x-ray (image)
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The abbreviation "Cx" means what?
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cervix
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The abbreviation "cysto" means what?
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cystoscopy
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The abbreviation "D/S" means what? (D/C?)
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discontinue
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The abbreviation "D&C" means what?
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dilation "dilatation" and curettage "of the uterine lining"
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The abbreviation "DES" means what?
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diethylstilbestrol (estrogen causing defects in children whose mothers took the drug during preganancy
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The abbreviation "DEXA OR DEX" means what?
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dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
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The abbreviation "DIC" means what?
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disseminated intravascular coagulation
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The abbreviation "SH" means what?
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Social History: Serum Hepatitis
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The abbreviation "sig." means what?
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"let it be labeled" (directions or medical instructions)
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The abbreviation "SIDS" means what?
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sudden infant death syndrome
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The pronunciation of Chlorpheniramine
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klor fen IR a meen
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The Brand for Chlorpheniramine
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Chlor-Trimeton Allergy, Chlorphen
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The generic name for Chlorpheniramine
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Chlorpheniramine
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Therapeutic class for Chlorpheniramine
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Antihistamine (Histamine H1 Antagonist, First Generation)
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Common indication for Chlorpheniramine
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Allergic rhinitis, common cold
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Black Box warning Chlorpheniramine
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N/A
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usual adult dosing Chlorpheniramine
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Oral: 4mg every 4-6hours, do not exceed 24mg/day
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Common side effects Chlorpheniramine
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Drowsiness, constipation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
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Clinical Teaching of Chlorpheniramine
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Patient should avoid activities that require mental alertness until drug effects are realized, report signs/symptoms of depression/excitation; Patient should not drink alcohol or use other depressants while taking this drug; This drug may cause constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or somnolence
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Pronunciation of Oxymetazoline
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oks i met AZ oh leen
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Brand names for Oxymetazoline
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Afrin; Dristan; Duramist Plus; Neo-Synephrine Nighttime 12-hour, Visine L.R.
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Generic name for Oxymetazoline
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Oxymetazoline
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Therapeutic class for Oxymetazoline
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Decongestant (Imidazoline Derivative)
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Common indication for Oxymetazoline
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nasal congestion; conjunctivitis (ocular irritation)
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Black Box warning Oxymetazoline
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N/A
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Usual adult dosing Oxymetazoline
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Nasal congestion: instill 2-3 sprays into each nostril twice daily for <3 days; Reliefe of eye redness: Ophthalmic: instill 1-2 drops in affected eye(s) every 6 hours as needed or as directed by healthcare provider
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Common side effects Oxymetazoline
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Dryness of nasal mucosa, nasal irritation, rebound congestion (chronic use), sneezing, feeling nervous, headache, insomnia
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Serious Side effects Oxtmetazoline
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Cardiac dysrhythmia, hypertension, tachyarrhythmia
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Clinical Teaching of Oxymetazoline
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This drug may cause headache, insomnia, nervousness, rebound congestion, sneezing, or dryness, stoning, or burning of nasal mucosa; If the patient is using ophthalmic solution formulation to not wear contact lenses during drug therapy; Patient should not use nasal form for more than 3 days, unless approved by a healthcare professional; Advise patient to avoid using MAO inhibitors or tricyclic depressant therapy while taking this drug
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Pronunciation of Loratadine
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lor AT a deen
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Brand names for Loratadine
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Claritin, Alavart
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Generic name for Loratadine
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Loratadine
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Therapeutic class for Loratadine
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Anti-histamine (Histamine H1 antagonist - 2nd generation)
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Common indication for Loratadine
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seasonal allergies, rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria
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Black Box Warning for Loratadine
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n/a
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Usual Dosing for Loratadine
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10mg daily
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Common side effect for Loratadine
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headache, somnolence, fatigue, xerostomia
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Serious side effects for Loratadine
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n/a
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Clinical teaching for Loratadine
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Patient should avoid activities requiring mental alertness until drug effects are realized
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The abbreviation "ROS" means what?
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review of symptoms
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The abbreviation "RP" means what?
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retrograde pyelography (urography)
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The abbreviation "RR" means what?
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recovery room; respiratory rate
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The abbreviation "RRR" means what?
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regular rate and rhythm (of heart)
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The abbreviation "RT" means what?
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radiation therapy; recreational therapy; radiologic technologist
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The abbreviation "RUQ" means what?
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right upper quadrant (of the abdomen)
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The abbreviation "RV" means what?
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right ventricle (of the heart)
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The abbreviation "Rx" means what?
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treatment; therapy; prescription (recipe)
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The abbreviation "s (bar)" means what?
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without (sine)
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The abbreviation "S1, S2" means what?
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first sacral vertebra, second sacral vertebra
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The abbreviation "S-A node" means what?
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sinoatrial node (pacemaker of the heart)
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The abbreviation "SAD" means what?
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seasonal affective disorder
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The abbreviation "SARS" means what?
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severe acute respiratory syndrome
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The abbreviation "SBFT" means what?
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small bowel follow-through (x-rays of the small intestine with contrast)
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The abbreviation "sed rate" means what?
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erythrocyte sedimentation rate (time it takes red blood cells to settle out of blood)
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The abbreviation "segs" means what?
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segmented white blood cells (granulocytes)
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The abbreviation "SERM" means what?
|
selective estrogen receptor modulator (tamoxifen is an example)
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The abbreviation "s.gl." means what?
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without glasses
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The abbreviation "SGOT" means what?
|
see AST: aspartate transaminase (enzyme elevated in liver and heart disease)
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The abbreviation "SGPT" means what?
|
see ALT: alanine transaminase (enzyme elevated in liver disease)
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug ciprofloxacin?
|
sip-roe-FLOX-a-sin
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What are the brand names for the generic drug ciprofloxacin?
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Cipro and Cipro IV
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What is the therapeutic class for the drug ciprofloxacin?
|
Antibiotic, Fluoroquinolone
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What are the common indications for ciprofloxacin?
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Bacterial prostatitis, chronic
Bacterial sinusitis, acute Bronchitis, chronic, acute exacerbations Febrile neutropenia, Empiric therapy Gonorrhea Infection of bone - Infectious disorder of joint Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue Infectious disease of abdomen Inhalational anthrax, Postexposure; Prophylaxis Lower respiratory tract infection Nosocomial pneumonia Pneumococcal infectious disease Pyelonephritis, acute, Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis, Complicated Urinary tract infectious disease |
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What are the Contraindications/Black Box Warnings for ciprofloxacin?
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Contraindications: Concomitant tizanidine administration.
Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or any product component, or other quinolones. Black Box Warnings: Black Box Warnings: Fluoroquinolones, including levofloxacin, are associated with an increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in all ages. Risk further increases with age over 60 years, concomitant steroid therapy, and kidney, heart, or lung transplants. Fluoroquinolones, including levofloxacin, may exacerbate muscle weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. Avoid in patients with known history of myasthenia gravis. |
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What is the usual dosing for ciprofloxacin?
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400 - 800 mg every 12 hours for 7 - 14 days. The specific dosing of this antibiotic corresponds to the indication. Varying doses are recommended however most of them fit in this range.
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of ciprofloxacin?
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Common: Rash, Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomitting, Headache. If given ophthalmic drops, burning sensation may occur. Serious: myocardial infarction, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Seizure, Acute renal failure.
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for ciprofloxacin?
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This drug may cause excessive sun sensitivity so use sunscreen and avoid tanning beds or prolonged exposure. This drug should not be taken with milk, yogurt, or calcium-fortified juice. This medication may cause upset stomach or diarrhea so it should be taken with a light snack. Patients should report any persistant joint/tendon pain or swelling.
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug levofloxacin?
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lee-voe-FLOX-a-sin
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What are the brand names for the generic drug levofloxacin?
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Levaquin, Quixin, Iquix
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What is the therapeutic class for the drug levofloxacin?
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Antibiotic, Fluoroquinolone
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What are the common indications for levofloxacin?
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Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
Bacterial conjunctivitis Bacterial prostatitis, chronic Bacterial sinusitis, acute Community acquired pneumonia Complicated urinary tract infection Corneal ulcer Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue Inhalational anthrax, Postexposure; Prophylaxis Nosocomial pneumonia Plague Pyelonephritis, acute Uncomplicated urinary tract infection |
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What are the Contraindications/Black Box Warnings for levofloxacin?
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Contraindications: hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, or any other quinolone antibiotics, including ofloxacin or any product components. Black Box Warnings: Fluoroquinolones, including levofloxacin, are associated with an increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in all ages. Risk further increases with age over 60 years, concomitant steroid therapy, and kidney, heart, or lung transplants. Fluoroquinolones, including levofloxacin, may exacerbate muscle weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. Avoid in patients with known history of myasthenia gravis.
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What is the usual dosing for levofloxacin?
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250 - 750 mg every 24 hours for 7 - 14 days. The specific dosing of this antibiotic corresponds to the indication. Varying doses are recommended however most of them fit in this range.
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of levofloxacin?
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Common: Nausea, Diarrhea, Vomitting, Dizziness, Headache. Serious: Cardiac Arrest, Hyperglycemia, Aplastic Anemia, Seizure, Acute Renal Failure.
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for levofloxacin?
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Instruct patient to immediately report signs/symptoms of tendonitis or tendon rupture (pain, swelling, inflammation of tendon), especially if elderly and/or using concomitant steroids. Aviod excessive exposure to sunlight as this medication increases sensitivity. This medication may cause an upset stomach so take it with a light snack. Drink lots of fluids while taking this medication.
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug moxifloxacin?
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mox-i-FLOX-a-sin
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What are the brand names for the generic drug moxifloxacin?
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Avelox, Avelox I.V., Vigamox, Moxeza
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What is the therapeutic class for the drug moxifloxacin?
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Antibiotic, Fluoroquinolone
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What are the common indications for moxifloxacin?
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Acute infective exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Bacterial conjunctivitis Bacterial sinusitis, acute Community acquired pneumonia Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue, Complicated Infection of skin AND/OR subcutaneous tissue, Uncomplicated Infectious disease of abdomen, Complicated |
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What are the Contraindications/Black Box Warnings for moxifloxacin?
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Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or any quinolone antibiotic. Black Box Warnings: Fluoroquinolones, including moxifloxacin hydrochloride, are associated with an increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in all ages. Risk further increases with age over 60 years, concomitant steroid therapy, and kidney, heart, or lung transplants. Fluoroquinolones, including moxifloxacin hydrochloride, may exacerbate muscle weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. Avoid in patients with known history of myasthenia gravis.
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What is the usual dosing for moxifloxacin?
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400 mg once daily for 7 - 21 days. The specific dosing of this antibiotic corresponds to the indication. Varying doses are recommended however most of them fit in this range.
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of moxifloxacin?
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Common: Nausea, Diarrhea - Ophthalmic use can cause dry eyes or reduced visual acuity. Serious: Torsades de Pointes, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Seizure.
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for moxifloxacin?
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This drug may cause increased sun sensitivity so use sunscreen and avoid tanning beds or prolonged exposure. This medication may cause upset stomach or diarrhea so it should be taken with a light snack. Report pain, inflammation, or rupture of a tendon, as drug increases risk of tendon rupture.
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug fluconazole?
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floo KOE na zole
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What is the brand name for generic drug fluconazole?
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Diflucan
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What is the therapeutic class for fluconazole?
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Antifungal agent, triazole
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What are the common indication(s) for fluconazole?
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Bone marrow transplant - Candidiasis; Prophylaxis, Candidal vulvovaginitis, Candidemia, Candidiasis, Candidiasis of the esophagus, Candidiasis of urogenital site, Cryptococcal meningitis, Cryptococcal meningitis - HIV infection, and Oropharyngeal candidiasis
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What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings for fluconazole?
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Concomitant use of CYP3A4 - metabolized drugs that are known to prolong the QT interval, concomitant use of terfenadine in patients receiving multiple fluconazole doses of 400 mg or higher, and hypersensitivity to fluconazole or any other components of the product
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What is the usual adult dosing for fluconazole?
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Usual dosage range: Oral, I.V: 150 mg once or Loading dose: 200-800 mg; maintenance: 200-800 mg once daily; duration and dosage depend on location and severity of infection
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of fluconazole?
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Nausea, vomiting, & headache
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for fluconazole?
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This drug may cause nausea, vomiting, or headache; Instruct patient to report skin rash, as drug has the potential to cause exfoliative skin disorders
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What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug rifampin?
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rif AM pin
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What is the brand name for generic drug rifampin?
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Rifadin, Rifadin IV, and Rimactan
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What is the therapeutic class for rifampin?
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Antitubercular, rifamycin
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What are the common indication(s) for rifampin?
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Active tuberculosis, Active tuberculosis - HIV infection, HIV infection - inactive tuberculosis, Inactive tuberculosis, Meningococcal infectious disease (carrier), Reactivation tuberculosis, and Tuberculosis (extrapulmonary)
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What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings for rifampin?
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concomitant use with atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, saquinavir, or tipranavir; concomitant use with rilpivirine; & hypersensitivity to rifampin, any component of the product, or any of the rifamycins
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What is the usual adult dosing for rifampin?
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Active tuberculosis: initially, 10 mg/kg/day (in combination with isoniazid and pyrazinamide) ORALLY or IV for 2 mo; MAX, 600 mg/day; then 10 mg/kg/day (in combination with isoniazid) for 4 mo or longer as needed. HIV infection - Inactive tuberculosis: 600 mg ORALLY daily for 4 mo.
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What are the common side effects/adverse effects of rifampin?
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Rash, LFTs increased (hepatic)
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What are the clinical counseling pearls for rifampin?
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This drug may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives with concurrent use. Recommend additional form of birth control. Warn patient that drug may permanently discolor soft contact lenses. Tell patient that drug causes red-orange discoloration of urine, feces, saliva, sweat, and tears. This drug may cause flu-like symptoms, heartburn, or anorexia. Advise patient to report signs/symptoms of hepatotoxicity or thrombocytopenia. Patient should take drug in combination with other antibiotics exactly as prescribed, as resistance to this drug may occur rapidly. Tell patient to take drug 1 h before or 2 h after a meal with a full glass of water. Patient should not drink alcohol while taking this drug.
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The abbreviation "dtd" stands for...
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give of such doses
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The abbreviation "F, ft." stands for...
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make
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The abbreviation "fl" stands for...
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fluid
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The abbreviation "I/O" stands for...
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intake and output
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The abbreviation "M" stands for...
|
mix
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The abbreviation "m. ft." stands for...
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mix to make
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The abbreviation "NTE" stands for...
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not to exceed
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The abbreviation "N&V" stands for...
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nausea and vomiting
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The abbreviation "pulv" stands for...
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powder
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The abbreviation "qs ad" stands for...
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a sufficient quantity to make
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The abbreviation "s" stands for...
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without
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The abbreviation "ss" stands for...
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one-half
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One pound equals how many grams? How many oz?
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454 grams or 16oz
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One kilogram equals how many pounds?
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2.2 pounds
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One kilogram equals how many grams?
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1000 grams
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One gram equals how many milligrams?
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1000 milligrams
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One milligram equals how many micrograms?
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1000 micrograms
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One teaspoonful (tsp) equals how many milliliters?
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5 milliliters
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One tablespoonful (tbsp) equals how many milliliters? How many fluid ounces? How many teaspoons?
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15 milliliters or 1/2 fluid ounce or 3 teaspoon
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One gallon equals how any quarts? How many pints? How many fluid ounces?
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4 quarts or 8 pints or 128 fluid ounces
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One fluid ounce equals how many milliliters?
|
29.6 milliliters
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One liter equals how many milliliters?
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1000 milliliters
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I
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Iodine
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131I
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Radioactive Isotope of Iodine
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I&D
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Incision and Drainage
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IBD
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease)
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IBS
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (of unknown etiology)
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ICD
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Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
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ICU
|
Intensive care unit
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ID
|
Infectious disease
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IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM
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Immunoglobulins (antibodies)
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IM
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Intramuscular; Infectious mononucleosis
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INH
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Isoniazid (Drug to treat tuberculosis)
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I&O
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Intake and output (Measurement of patient's fluids)
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IOL
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Intraocular lens (implant)
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IUD
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Intrauterine device (contraceptive)
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IV
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Intravenous
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IVP
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Intravenous pyelography
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|
The abbreviation "q" means what?
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every (quaque)
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The abbreviation "q.d." or "qd" means what?
|
every day (quaque die)
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The abbreviation "q.h." or "qh" means what?
|
every hour (quaque hora)
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The abbreviation "q2h" means what?
|
every two hours (quaque secunda hora)
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The abbreviation "q.i.d." or "qid" means what?
|
four times a day (quarter in die)
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The abbreviation "q.n." or "qn" means what?
|
every night (quaque nox)
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The abbreviation "q.n.s." or "qns" means what?
|
quantity not sufficient (quantum non sufficit)
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The abbreviation "q.s." or "qs" means what?
|
quantity sufficient (quantum sufficit)
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The abbreviation "qt" means what?
|
quart
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The abbreviation "R" or "r" means what?
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right; respiration
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The abbreviation "RA" means what?
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rheumatoid arthritis; right atrium
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The abbreviation "rad" means what?
|
radiation absorbed dose
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The abbreviation "RBC" or "rbc" means what?
|
red blood cell (count)
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The abbreviation "REM" means what?
|
rapid eye movement
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The abbreviation "RIA" means what?
|
radioimmunoassay (minute quantities are measured)
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The abbreviation "RLQ" means what?
|
right lower quadrant (of the abdomen)
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The abbreviation "R/O" or "r/o" means what?
|
rule out
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The abbreviation "ROM" means what?
|
range of motion
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The abbreviation "PVD" means what?
|
peripheral vascular disease
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The abbreviation "PVT" means what?
|
paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia
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The abbreviation "PWB" means what?
|
partial weight bearing
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The abbreviation "Px" means what?
|
prognosis
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The abbreviation "N" means what?
|
nitrogen
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The abbreviation "Na" means what?
|
sodium
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The abbreviation "NB" means what?
|
newborn
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The abbreviation "NED" means what?
|
no evidence of disease
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The abbreviation "NG tube" means what?
|
nasogastric tube
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The abbreviation "NICU" means what?
|
neonatal intensive care unit
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The abbreviation "NKA" means what?
|
no known allergies
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The abbreviation "NPO" means what?
|
nothing by mouth
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The abbreviation "NSAID" means what?
|
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
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The abbreviation "NSR" means what?
|
normal sinus rhythm (of the heart)
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The abbreviation "NT" means what?
|
not tender (to touch)
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The abbreviation "NTP" means what?
|
normal temperature and pressure
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The abbreviation "N+V" means what?
|
nausea and vomiting
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|
LVAD is the abbreviation for
|
left ventricular assist device (bridge to cardiac transplantation)
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|
L&W is the abbreviation for
|
living and well
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|
lymphs is the abbreviation for
|
lymphocytes
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lytes is the abbreviation for
|
electrolytes
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|
m is the abbreviation for
|
meter; milli (one thousandth)
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|
MAC is the abbreviation for M
|
monitored anesthesia care
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|
|
MCH is the abbreviation for
|
mean corpuscular hemoglobin (amount in each red blood cell)
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|
|
MCHC is the abbreviation for
|
mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (amount per unit of blood)
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|
|
MCV is the abbreviation for
|
mean corpuscular volume (size of individual red blood cell)
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|
|
MD, M.D. is the abbreviation for
|
doctor of medicine; muscular dystrophy
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|
|
MDS is the abbreviation for
|
myelodysplastic syndrome (a bone marrow disorder)
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|
|
mets is the abbreviation for
|
metastatses
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|
|
mg is the abbreviation for
|
milligram (1 mg is 1/1000 gram)
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|
|
Mg is the abbreviation for
|
magnesium
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|
|
MH is the abbreviation for
|
marital history; mental health
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|
MI is the abbreviation for
|
myocardial infarction (heart attack)
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|
|
mL is the abbreviation for
|
milliliter (1 mL is 1/1000 liter)
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|
|
mm is the abbreviation for
|
millimeter (1 mm is 1/1000 meter)
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|
|
mm Hg is the abbreviation for
|
millimeters of mercury (units for measurement of blood pressure)
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|
|
mono is the abbreviation for
|
monocytes (type of white blood cell)
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|
MRA is the abbreviation for
|
magnetic resonance angiography
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|
|
What is Pap smear?
|
Papanicolaous smear (preparation of cells from the cervix and vagina for microscopic cexamination)
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|
The abbreviation "para" means what?
|
paracentesis (abdominocentesis)
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The abbreviation "Para 1,2,3" means what?
|
A woman who has produced one, two, or three viable offspring; unipara, bipara, tripara
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The abbreviation "p.c., pc" means what?
|
after meals (post cibum)
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|
The abbreviation "PCI" means what?
|
percutaneous coronary intervention
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|
The abbreviation "PE" means what?
|
physical examination; pulmonary embolus
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|
The abbreviation "PEEP" means what?
|
positive end-expiratory pressure
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|
|
The abbreviation "per" means what?
|
by
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|
|
The abbreviation "PERRLA" means what?
|
pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation
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|
|
The abbreviation "PET" means what?
|
positron emission tomography
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|
|
The abbreviation "PE tube" means what?
|
pressure-equalizing tube (ventilating tube for the eardrum)
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|
|
The abbreviation "PFT" means what?
|
pulmonary function test
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|
|
The abbreviation "pH" means what?
|
hydrogen ion concentration (measurement of acidity or alkalinity of a solution)
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|
|
The abbreviation "PH" means what?
|
past history
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The abbreviation "PI"means what?
|
present illness
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|
The abbreviation "PID" means what?
|
pelvic inflammatory disease
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|
The abbreviation "PKU" means what?
|
phenyketonuria (disease due to lack of an enzyme in infants)
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|
|
The abbreviation "PM" means what?
|
afternoon (post meridiem); post mortem
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|
The abbreviation "PMH" means what?
|
past medical history
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|
The abbreviation "PMS" means what?
|
premenstrual syndrome
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|
The abbreviation "PND" means what?
|
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; postnasal drip
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|
|
The abbreviation "EENT" means what?
|
eyes, ears, nose, throat
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|
The abbreviation "EGD" means what?
|
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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|
|
The abbreviation "EKG" means what?
|
electrocardiography (ECG is preferred)
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|
|
The abbreviation "ELISA" means what?
|
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (and AIDS test)
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|
|
The abbreviation "EMG" means what?
|
electromyography
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|
|
The abbreviation "ENT" means what?
|
ears, nose, throat
|
|
|
The abbreviation "eos." means what?
|
eosinophils (type of white blood cell)
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|
|
The abbreviation "ER" means what?
|
emergency room; estrogen receptor
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|
The abbreviation "ERCP" means what?
|
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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|
|
The abbreviation "ESR" means what?
|
erythrocyte sedimentation rate; see sed rate
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|
|
The abbreviation "ESRD" means what?
|
end-stage renal disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ESWL" means what?
|
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ETOH" means what?
|
ethyl alcohol (ethanol)
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|
|
The abbreviation "ETT" means what?
|
exercise tolerance test; endotracheal tube
|
|
|
The abbreviation "FBS" means what?
|
fasting blood sugar
|
|
|
The abbreviation "FDA" means what?
|
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
|
|
|
The abbreviation "FDG-PET" means what?
|
fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (nuclear medicine test)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Fe" means what?
|
iron
|
|
|
The abbreviation "FEV" means what?
|
forced expiratory volume
|
|
|
The abbreviation "FH" means what?
|
family history
|
|
|
The abbreviation "FHR" means what?
|
fetal heart rate
|
|
|
The abbreviation “H” means what?
|
hydrogen
|
|
|
The abbreviations “h,hr” mean what?
|
hour
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HAART” means what?
|
highly active antiretroviral therapy (for AIDS)
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|
|
The abbreviations “Hb,hgb,Hgb” mean what?
|
hemoglobin
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HbA1” means what?
|
glycosylated hemoglobin (measured to test for diabetes)
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HBV” means what?
|
hepatitis B virus
|
|
|
The abbreviations “HCG, hCG” mean what?
|
human chorionic gonadotropin (secreted during pregnancy)
|
|
|
The abbreviation “Hct, HCT” means what?
|
hematocrit
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|
|
The abbreviation “HCV” means what?
|
hepatitis C virus
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HD” means what?
|
hemodialysis (performed by artificial Kidney machine)
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HDL” means what?
|
high-density lipoprotein (associated with decreased incidence of coronary artery disease)
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HEENT” means what?
|
head,ears,eyes,nose,throat
|
|
|
The abbreviation “Hg” means what?
|
mercury
|
|
|
The abbreviations “Hgb,hgb,Hb” mean what?
|
hemoglobin
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HIPAA” means what?
|
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (of 1996)
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HIV” means what?
|
human immunodeficiency virus
|
|
|
The abbreviation “h/o” means what?
|
history of
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|
|
The abbreviation “H20” means what?
|
water
|
|
|
The abbreviation “H&P” means what?
|
history and physical (examination)
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HPV” means what?
|
human papillomavirus
|
|
|
The abbreviation “HRT” means what?
|
hormone replacement therapy
|
|
|
The symbol "O2" stands for what?
|
oxygen
|
|
|
The abbreviation "OA" means what?
|
osteoarthitis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "OB" means what?
|
obstetrics
|
|
|
The abbreviations "OD" or "O.D" mean what?
|
right eye (oculus dexter); doctor of optometry
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|
|
The abbreviation "OR" means what?
|
operating room
|
|
|
The acronym "ORIF" means what?
|
open reduction plus internal fixation (to set a broken bone)
|
|
|
The abbreviations "ORTH" or "orthho." mean what?
|
orthopedics or orthopaedics
|
|
|
The abbreviation "os" means what?
|
mouth
|
|
|
The abbreviation "OS" means what?
|
left eye (oculus sinister)
|
|
|
The acronym "OSA" means what?
|
obstructive sleep apnea
|
|
|
The abbreviation "OT" means what?
|
occupational therapy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "OU" means what?
|
each eye (oculus uterque)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "OV" means what?
|
office visit
|
|
|
The symbol "p" means what?
|
after; following
|
|
|
The symbol "P" means what?
|
plan; posterior; pulse; phosphorus; pupil; pressure
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PA" means what?
|
posteroanterior (back to front); pulmonary artery
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PAC" means what?
|
premature atrial contraction
|
|
|
The acronyms "PaCO2" or "Paco2" mean what?
|
arterial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood, also written as "arterial Pco2"
|
|
|
The acronym "PACS" means what?
|
picture archival communications system
|
|
|
The abbreviation "palp" means what?
|
palpable; palpation (examine by touch)
|
|
|
The acronyms "PaO2" or "Pao2" mean what?
|
arterial pressure of oxygen in the blood, also written as "arterial Po2"
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SIRS" means what?
|
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (severe bateremia)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SLE" means what?
|
systemic lupus erythematosus
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SMA-12" means what?
|
blood chemistry profile including 12 different studies or assays (sequential multiple analysis)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SOAP" means what?
|
subjective (symptoms perceived by the patient) data, objective (exam findings) data, assessment (evaluation of condition), plan (goals for treatment)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SOB" means what?
|
Shortness of breath
|
|
|
The abbreviation "S/P, s/p" means what?
|
status post (previous disease condition)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SPECT" means what?
|
single-photon emission computed tomography
|
|
|
The abbreviaton "sp. gr." means what?
|
specific gravity
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SQ" means what?
|
subcutaneous (under the skin)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SSRI" means what?
|
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (antidepressant drug)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "staph" means what?
|
staphylococci (bacteria)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "STAT, stat" means what?
|
immediately (statim)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "sub-Q" means what?
|
subcutaneous (under the skin)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Sx" means what?
|
signs and symptoms
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Sz" means what?
|
seizure
|
|
|
The abbreviation "STD" means what?
|
sexually transmitted disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Strep" means what?
|
streptococci (bacteria)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "aa." means what?
|
of each
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ad" means what?
|
up to; to make
|
|
|
The abbreviation "disp." means what?
|
dispense
|
|
|
The abbreviation "div." means what?
|
divide
|
|
|
The abbreviation "d.t.d" means what?
|
give of such doses
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ft" means what?
|
make
|
|
|
The abbreviation "M." means what?
|
mix
|
|
|
The abbreviation "No." means what?
|
number
|
|
|
The abbreviation "non rep. or NR" means what?
|
do not repeat
|
|
|
The abbreviation "q.s." means what?
|
a sufficient quantity
|
|
|
The abbreviation "q.s. ad" means what?
|
a sufficient quantity to make
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Sig." means what?
|
write (directions on label)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "BSA" means what?
|
body surface area
|
|
|
The abbreviation "cm^3" means what?
|
cubic centimeter or milliliter (mL)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "f or fl" means what?
|
fluid
|
|
|
The abbreviation "flʒ or fʒ" means what?
|
fluid dram (teaspoonful, 5 mL)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "flʒss or fʒss" means what
|
half-fluidounce (tablespoonful, 15mL)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "g" means what?
|
gram
|
|
|
The abbreviation "gal" means what?
|
gallon
|
|
|
The abbreviation "gtt" means what?
|
drop
|
|
|
The abbreviation "lb" means what?
|
pound
|
|
|
"What is the correct pronunciation for ""amoxicillin/clavulanate""?
|
a-moks-i-SIL-in & klav-yoo-LAN-ate
|
|
|
What is the brand name for amoxicillin/clavulanate?
|
Amoclan; Augmentin XR®; Augmentin®, Augmentin ES-600.
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class of amoxicillin/clavulanate?
|
Antibiotic, Penicillin
|
|
|
What are the common indications of amoxicillin/clavulanate?
|
Acute otitis media, community acquired pneumonia, infection of skin and/or subcutaneous tissue, lower respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, utrinary tract infectious disease
|
|
|
What are the absolute contraindications / Black Box Warnings for amoxicillin/clavulanate?
|
Amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium-associated cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction, Hypersensitivity to any penicillin, hemodialysis patients, severe renal impairment (<30mL/min creatinine clearance)
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for amoxicillin/clavulanate?
|
"875mg (amoxicillin component) PO every 12 hours or 500mg amoxicillin component PO q8h. Dosage based on specific infection"
|
|
|
What are the common Side Effects for amoxicillin/clavulanate?
|
"Common: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loose stool, rash. Mycosis, vaginitis.
Serious: Hepatotoxicity, Cholestasis, Anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (rare)." |
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for amoxicillin/clavulanate?
|
Patients should take dose at the start of a meal. This drug may cause nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Drug may decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives with concurrent use.
|
|
|
What is the correct pronunciation for penicillin VK?
|
pen-i-SIL-in vee poe-TASS-ee-um
|
|
|
What is the brand name for penicillin VK?
|
Veetids, Truxcillin VK
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class of penicillin VK?
|
Antibiotic, Penicillin
|
|
|
What are the common indications of penicillin VK?
|
Bacterial endocarditis, Scarlet fever, Chorea, Streptococcal Erysipelas, Staphylococcal infections, Infections of: Skin, subcutaneous, respiratory tract.
|
|
|
What are the absolute contraindications / Black Box Warnings for penicillin VK?
|
Hypersensitivity to penicillins
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for penicillin VK?
|
"Chorea; Prophylaxis: 125-250mg PO BID.
Erysipelas (Mild), Scarlet fever, Streptococcal pharyngitis, Upper respiratory infection: 125-250mg PO q6-8h for 10 days. Otitis media, Respiratory tract infection, Vincent's infection, Gingivitis and pharyngitis: 250-500mg PO q6-8h." |
|
|
What are the common Side Effects for penicillin VK?
|
diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, Black hairy tongue, Epigastric discomfort.
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for penicillin VK?
|
"Patient should take drug on an empty stomach 1 h before or 2 h after a meal.
May decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives with concurrent use. Report signs of hemolytic anemia." |
|
|
What is the correct pronunciation for nitrofurantoin?
|
nye-troe-fyoor-AN-toyn
|
|
|
What is the brand name for nitrofurantoin?
|
Furadantin, Macrobid, Macrodantin
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class of nitrofurantoin?
|
Antibiotic.
|
|
|
What are the common indications of nitrofurantoin?
|
Urinary tract infectious disease.
|
|
|
What are the absolute contraindications / Black Box Warnings for nitrofurantoin?
|
Known hypersensitivity, pregnancy at term, risk of hemolytic anemia. Oliguria; due to risk of nitrofurantoin toxicity. Renal function impairment.
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for nitrofurantoin?
|
"Urinary tract infectious disease: 50-100mg PO QID for 1 week or at least 3 days after urine is sterile.
Urinary tract infectious disease; Prophylaxis: 50-100mg PO every night" |
|
|
What are the common Side Effects for nitrofurantoin?
|
N, V, loss of appetite. Serious: Hemolytic anemia. Drug hypersensitivity syndrome. Pulmonary toxicity.
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for nitrofurantoin?
|
"Patient should take drug with food. Drug may cause brown-colored urine. Report signs/symptoms of hepatic dysfunction, or neuropathy. "
|
|
|
What do the abbreviations "q4h, q8h, etc." stand for?
|
Every __ hours
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "q.i.d." stand for?
|
Four times a day
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "rep." stand for?
|
Repeat
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "s" stand for?
|
Without
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "s.i.d." stand for?
|
Once a day
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "s.o.s." stand for?
|
If there is a need; as needed
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "stat." stand for?
|
Immediately
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "t.i.d." stand for?
|
Three times a day
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "ut dict." stand for?
|
As directed
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "wk." stand for?
|
Week
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "APAP" stand for?
|
acetaminophen
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "ASA" stand for?
|
aspirin
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "AZT" stand for?
|
zidovudine
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "EES" stand for?
|
erythromycin; ethylsuccinate
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "HC" stand for?
|
hydrocortisone
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "HCTZ" stand for?
|
hydrochlorothiazide
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "MTX" stand for?
|
methotrexate
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "NTG" stand for?
|
nitroglycerin
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "BM" stand for?
|
Bowel movement
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "BP" stand for?
|
Blood pressure
|
|
|
What does the abbreviation "BS" stand for?
|
Blood sugar
|
|
|
The abbreviation " IV drip " means what?
|
Intravenous infusion
|
|
|
The abbreviation " IVP " means what?
|
Intravenous push
|
|
|
The abbreviation " IVPB" means what?
|
Intravenous piggy back
|
|
|
The abbreviation " NGT " means what?
|
Nasogastric tube
|
|
|
The abbreviation " p.o. or PO " means what?
|
by mouth
|
|
|
The abbreviation " rect. " means what?
|
rectal or rectum
|
|
|
The abbreviation " SL " means what?
|
sublingual
|
|
|
The abbreviation " SubQ" means what?
|
subcutaneously
|
|
|
The abbreviation " Top. " means what?
|
topically
|
|
|
The abbreviation " V or PV" means what?
|
vaginally
|
|
|
The abbreviation " AB " means what?
|
abortion
|
|
|
The abbreviation " Ab " means what?
|
antibody
|
|
|
The abbreviation " ABC " means what?
|
aspiration, biopsy, cytology
|
|
|
The abbreviation " abd " means what?
|
abdomen
|
|
|
The abbreviation " a.c.,ac" means what?
|
before meals (ante cibum)
|
|
|
The abbreviation " ACE" means what?
|
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE inhibitors treat hypertension)
|
|
|
The abbreviation " ACL " means what?
|
anterior cruciate ligament (of knee)
|
|
|
The abbreviation " ACS" means what?
|
acute coronary syndromes (myocardial infarction and unstable angina)
|
|
|
The abbreviation " ACTH" means what?
|
adrenocorticotropic hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland)
|
|
|
The abbreviation " AD" means what?
|
right ear (auris dexter); Alzheimer disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation " ADD " means what?
|
attention deficit disorder
|
|
|
The abbreviation "diff" means?
|
differential (percentages of types of white blood cells)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DKA" means?
|
diabetic ketoacidosis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DM" means?
|
diabetes mellitus
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DNA" means?
|
deoxyribonucleic acid
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DNR" means?
|
do not resuscitate
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DOB" means?
|
date of birth
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DOE"means?
|
dyspnea on exertion
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DRE" means?
|
digital rectal examination
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DT" means?
|
delirium tremens (caused by alcohol withdrawal)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DTR" means?
|
deep tendon reflex
|
|
|
The abbreviation "DVT" means?
|
deep vein thrombosis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Dx" means?
|
diagnosis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "EBV" means?
|
epstein-barr virus (cause of mononucleosis)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ECC" means?
|
emergency cardiac care
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ECG" means?
|
electrocardiography
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ECHO" means?
|
echocardiography
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ECMO" means?
|
extracorporeal membrane oxygenator
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ECT" means?
|
electroconvulsive therapy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ED" means?
|
emergency department
|
|
|
The abbreviation "EDC" means?
|
estimated date of confinement
|
|
|
The abbreviation "EEG" means?
|
electroencephalography
|
|
|
The abbreviation "kg" means what?
|
kilogram
|
|
|
The abbreviation "L" means what?
|
liter
|
|
|
The abbreviation "m^2 or M^2"means what?
|
square meter
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmcgʺ means what?
|
microgram
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmEqʺ means what?
|
milliequivalent
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmgʺ means what?
|
milligram
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmg/kgʺ means what?
|
milligrams (of drug) per kilogram (of body weight)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmg/m^2ʺ means what?
|
milligrams (of drug) per square meter (of body surface area)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmLʺ means what?
|
milliliter
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmL/hʺ means what?
|
milliliters (of drug administered) per hour (as through intravenous administration)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmOsm or mOsmolʺ means what?
|
milliosmoles
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺoz.ʺ means what?
|
ounce
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺN&Vʺ means what?
|
nausea and vomiting
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺnoct. (nocte)ʺ means what?
|
night
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺNPO (non per os)ʺ means what?
|
nothing by mouth
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺp.c. (post cibos)ʺ means what?
|
after meals
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺP. M. (post meridiem)ʺ means what?
|
afternoon, evening
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺp. o. (per os)ʺ means what?
|
by mouth (orally)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺp.r.n. (pro re nata)ʺ means what?
|
as needed
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺq (quaque)ʺ means what?
|
every
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺqAMʺ means what?
|
every morning
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺptʺ means what?
|
pint
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺqtʺ means what?
|
quart
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺssʺ means what?
|
one half
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺtbspʺ means what?
|
tablespoonful
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺtspʺ means what?
|
teaspoonful
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺa.c.ʺ means what?
|
before meals
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺad lib.ʺ means what?
|
at pleasure, freely
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺadminʺ means what?
|
administer
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺA.M.ʺ means what?
|
morning
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺaq.ʺ means what?
|
water
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺATCʺ means what?
|
around the clock
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺb.i.dʺ means what?
|
twice a day
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺc ʺ means what?
|
with
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺd ʺ means what?
|
day
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺdil ʺ means what?
|
dilute
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺ etʺ means what?
|
and
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺh. or hrʺ means what?
|
hour
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺh.s.ʺ means what?
|
at bedtime
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺi.c.ʺ means what?
|
between meals
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺmin ʺ means what?
|
minute
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺm & nʺ means what?
|
morning and night
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "U (unit)"?
|
"""The potential problem is that it can be mistaken for ""0"" (zero), the number ""4"" (four) or ""cc"".The suggested solution is write ""unit."" "
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "IU (International Unit)"?
|
"""The potential problem is that it can be mistaken for IV (intravenous) or the number 10 (ten). The suggested solution is write ""International Unit""."
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "Q.D., QD, q.d., qd (daily)"?
|
"The potential problem is that it can be mistaken for each other. The suggested solution is write"daily".
|
|
|
"What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation ""Q.O.D., QOD, q.o.d, qod (every other day)?"
|
"""The potential problem is that period after the Q mistaken for ''I"" and the ""O"" mistaken for ""I"". The suggested solution is write ""every other day"
|
|
|
Lack of leading zero (.X mg)""?"
|
"""The potential problem is that decimal point is missed.The suggested solution is write X mg or 0.Xmg""."
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "MS"?
|
"""The potential problem is that it can mean morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate. The suggested solution is write ""morphine sulfate""."
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "MSO₄ and MgSO₄"?
|
"The potential problem is that it can be confused for one another. The suggested solution is write "magnesium sulfate".
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation ">(greater than)"?
|
"""The potential problem is that it can be misinterpreted as the number ""7"" (seven) or the letter ''L"".The suggested solution is write ""greater than""."
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "<(less than)"?
|
"The potential problem is that it can be confused for one another.The suggested solution is write "less than".
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviations "for drug names"?
|
"""The potential problem is that it can be misinterpreted due to similar abbreviations for multiple drugs.The suggested solution is write drug names in full""."
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "Apothecary units"?
|
"The potential problem is that it can be unfamiliar to many practitioners and also confused with metric units.The suggested solution is use metric units".
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "@"?
|
"The potential problem is that it can be mistaken for the number "2" (two).The suggested solution is write "at".
|
|
|
What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation "cc"?
|
"The potential problem is that it can be mistaken for U (units) when poorfy written.The suggested solution is write "ml" or "milliliters".
|
|
|
"What is the potential problem, and proposed solution with the abbreviation ""µc""?
|
"The potential problem is that it can be mistaken for mg (milligrams) resulting in one thousand-fold overdose. The suggested solution is write "mcg" or "micrograms".
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺDAWʺ means what?
|
Dispense as Written
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺh or hrʺ means what?
|
hour
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺpoʺ means what?
|
by mouth
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺPRNʺ means what?
|
when required, as needed
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺQdayʺ means what?
|
once daily
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺRxʺ means what?
|
recipe, you take
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺSigʺ means what?
|
Write on label
|
|
|
What is the pronounciation for vancomycin?
|
van-koe-mye-sin
|
|
|
Generic and Brand Names for vancomycin?
|
Vancocin
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for vancomycin?
|
Antibiotic, glycopeptide
|
|
|
What are the common indications for vancomycin?
|
clostridium difficile diarrhea, infective endocarditis, staphylococcal enterocolitis, staphlococcal infectious disease methicillin-resistant, lower respiratory infection
|
|
|
What are the contraindications for vancomycin?
|
allergy or hypersensitivity to corn and corn products, dextrose, and vancomycin
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for vancomycin?
|
MRSA 0.5 to 2 g IV daily every 6-12 hours administered over at least 60 minutes (dosing based on patient's weight and CrCl); C diff 125mg orally 4 times daily for 10 days
|
|
|
What are the common side effects for vancomycin?
|
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, hypokalemia, diarrhea; serious: ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, agranulocytosis
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for vancomycin?
|
Seek medical attention if you experience chest tightness, itching, fever, bad cough, seizures, swelling, rash, balance problems, or loose stools; make sure to emphasize the importance of adhering to the prescribed rate, as infusiong too rapidly may cause hypotensive symptoms
|
|
|
What is the pronounciation for metronidazole?
|
met-roe-NYE-da-zole
|
|
|
Brand names for metronidazole?
|
Metro Cream, Metro Gel
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for metronidazole?
|
Antibacterials (skin and mucous membranes); amebicide; antiprotozoal, nitroimidazole
|
|
|
What are the common indications for metronidazole?
|
Anaerobic Abscess, Acute Amebic dysentery,Amebic liver abscess Anaerobic infection Bacterial meningitis Bacterial vaginosis, Operation on gastrointestinal tract, Colorectal - Postoperative infection; Prophylaxis, Rosacea, Trichomoniasis
|
|
|
What are the contraindications for metronidazole?
|
Vaginal gel - Alcohol use during and for up to three days after treatment, concomitant use within 2 weeks of using disulfiram, and hypersenstivity to parabens; Others - hypersensitivity to metronidazole, or first-trimester pregnancy with trichomoniasis
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for metronidazole?
|
500mg orally twice a day for 7 days or one ful applicator (37.5 mg) of 0.75% gel intravaginally once daily for 5 days
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|
|
What are the common side effects for metronidazole?
|
Nausea, headache, vaginal discharge and irriation (both in case of using vaginal gel)
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|
What are some clinical counseling pearls?
|
Drug may cause dizziness, so if you are taking oral medication please avoid activities requiring mental alertness, do not consume any alcohol-containing products while taking this drug, patients using vaginal gel should abstain from sex while using it, monitor behavior effect closely if you have a pre-existing CNS disorder. Oral formulations may discolor urine a reddish-brown.
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What is the pronounciation for valacyclovir?
|
val ay SYE kloe veer
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|
Brand names for valacyclovir?
|
Valtrex
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|
What is the therapeutic class for valacyclovir?
|
Antiviral agent; guanosine nucleoside analog; viral dna polymerase inhibitor
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|
|
What are the common indications for valacyclovir?
|
Genital herpes simplex, herpes labialis, herpes zoster, varicella
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|
What are the contraindications for valacyclovir?
|
Hypersensitivity to valacyclovir or acyclovir
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|
What is the usual adult dosing for valacyclovir?
|
1g orally twice a day for 7-10 days (initial episode); 500mg orally twice daily for 3 days (recurrent episode)
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|
What are the common side effects for valacyclovir?
|
Rash, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, fatigue
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|
What are some clinical counseling pearls?
|
Instruct patient to avoid having sex while herpes sores are present, drug does not prevent disease transmission.Advise patient against sudden discontinuation of drug, and Patient should maintain adequate hydration during drug therapy to prevent precipitation of acyclovir (active drug) in renal tubules.
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|
The abbreviation for "CHD" means what?
|
Coronary Heart Disease
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|
The abbreviation for "CHF" means what?
|
Congestive Heart Failure
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|
The abbreviation for "GERD" means what?
|
Gastrointestinal reflux disease
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|
The abbreviation for "GI" means what?
|
Gastrointestinal
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|
The abbreviation for "GFR" means what?
|
Glomerular filtration rate
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|
The abbreviation for "GU" means what?
|
Genitourinary
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|
The abbreviation for "HA" means what?
|
headache
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|
The abbreviation for "HBP" means what?
|
high blood pressure
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|
The abbreviation for "HRT" means what?
|
hormone replacement therapy
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|
The abbreviation for "HT or HTN" means what?
|
hypertension
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|
The abbreviation for "IOP" means what?
|
intraocular pressure
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|
The abbreviation for "MI" means what?
|
Myocardial ischemia/ infarction
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|
The abbreviation for "OA" means what?
|
osteoarthritis
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|
The abbreviation for "Pt" means what?
|
patient
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|
The abbreviation for "SOB" means what?
|
shortness of breath
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|
The abbreviation for "TPN" means what?
|
total parenteral nutrition
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|
The abbreviation for "URI" means what?
|
upper respiratory infection
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|
The abbreviation for "UTI" means what?
|
urinary tract infection
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|
The abbreviation for "amp." means what?
|
ampul
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|
The abbreviation for "cap." means what?
|
capsule
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|
The abbreviation for "D5LR" means what?
|
dextrose 5% in lactated Ringer's
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|
How do you pronounce naproxen?
|
na-PROKS-en
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|
What are the brand and generic names for naproxen?
|
Brand names: Naprosyn, Aleve, Midol, Pamprin Generic name: naproxen
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|
What is the therapeutic class for naproxen?
|
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory
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|
|
What are some common indications for naproxen?
|
Fever, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, acute gout, headache, mild to moderate pain, dysmenorrhea
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|
|
What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings for naproxen?
|
Asthma, urticaria, hypersensitivity to naproxen or aspirin and perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Black Box Warning: NSAIDs cause an increased risk of serious CV thrombotic events, myocardial infarction and stroke. It can also increase your risk of serious GI adverse events especially in the elderly, it includes bleeding, ulceration and perforation of the stomach or intestines, which can be fatal.
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|
What is the usual adult dosing for naproxen?
|
250 mg PO q6-12h as needed or 500 mg every 12 hours as needed
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|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects for naproxen?
|
Common: Edema, rash, pruritus, abdominal pain, constipation, heartburn, nausea, dizziness, headache, somnolence, ototoxicity, tinnitus and dyspnea. Serious: Congestive heart failure, vasculitis, Stevens-johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), GI bleeding and ulcer, hepatic necrosis, hepatitis, liver failure, anaphylactoid reaction, seizure, acute renal failure, nephritis, bronchospasm and pulmonary edema
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|
What are some clinical counseling pearls for naproxen?
|
May cause GI upset, take with food, milk or antacids to minimize discomfort. If patient experiences black tarry stools, seek medical attention immediately.
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|
How do you pronounce diphenhydramine?
|
dye-fen-HYE-dra-meen
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|
What are the brand and generic names for diphenhydramine?
|
Brand names: Benadryl, Diphenhist, Diphenyl, Genahist, Nytol Quickcaps, Nytol Quickgels Generic name: diphenhydramine
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|
What is the therapeutic class for diphenhydramine?
|
Histamine H1 antagonist
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|
|
What are some common indications for diphenhydramine?
|
Allergic rhinitis, anaphylaxis, common cold, insomnia, motion sickness, parkinsonism, pruritus of skin
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|
What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings for diphenhydramine?
|
Hypersensitivity to diphenhydramine, nursing mothers and premature infants/newborn
|
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|
What is the usual adult dosing for diphenhydramine?
|
25-50 mg PO q4-6h, max 300 mg/day
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects for diphenhydramine?
|
Common: Xerostomia, dizziness, dyskinesia, sedated, somnolence, drying of the nasal mucosa, pharyngeal dryness and thick sputum Serious: Anaphylaxis
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|
What are some clinical counseling pearls for diphenhydramine?
|
It may cause CNS depression and impairment of mental/physical abilities, patients should be cautious when performing tasks that require mental alertness like driving and operating heavy machinery. Report persistent sedation, confusion, agitation, blurred vision, respiratory difficulty, lack of improvement, or worsening of condition. If breast feeding, do not take diphenhydramine. Do not take with alcohol, other sedatives or MAOI's which increases the chances of experiencing an adverse effect.
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|
How do you pronounce pseudoephedrine?
|
soo-doe-eh-FED-rin
|
|
|
What are the brand and generic names for pseudoephedrine?
|
Brand names: Sudafed, Dimetapp Decongestant Generic name: diphyenhydramine
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|
|
What is the therapeutic class for pseudoephedrine?
|
Alpha/Beta agonist, decongestant
|
|
|
What are some common indications for pseudoephedrine?
|
Allergic Rhinitis and congestion of nasal sinus
|
|
|
What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings for pseudoephedrine?
|
Hypersensitivity to pseudoephedrine or sympathomimetics, severe coronary artery disease, severe hypertension and with or with in 14 days of taking MAOI's
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|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for pseudoephedrine?
|
IR: 60 mg PO q4-6h, max 240 mg/day ER: 120 mg PO q12h, max 240 mg/day
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|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects for pseudoephedrine?
|
Common: Hypertension, tachyarrhythmia, insomnia, feeling anxious, nervous and restlessness. Serious: Atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction and ventricular premature beats
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|
What are some clinical counseling pearls for pseudoephedrine?
|
Do not crush extended relief pill. May take with or with out food. If symptoms are accompanied with a fever or do not go away after 7 days or worsen, seek immediate medical attention. Stop use, report and seek medical attention if CNS adverse effects are experienced. Avoid taking at or near bedtime to prevent insomnia.
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How do you pronounce cetirizine
|
sa Ti ra zeen
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How do you pronounce bisacodyl
|
bis a KOE dil
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How do you pronounce docusate
|
DOK yoo sate
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|
What are the brand/generic names of cetirizine
|
Zyrtec
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|
What are the brand/generic names of bisacodyl
|
Dulcolax Laxative, Correctol, Fleet Bisacodyl
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|
What are the brand/generic names of docusate
|
Colace, Correctol Softgels, Dulcolax Stool Softner
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|
What is the therapuetic class of cetirizine
|
Anti-histamine (2nd generation)
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|
What is the therapuetic class of bisacodyl
|
Laxative, stimulant
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|
|
What is the therapuetic class of docusate
|
Laxative, stool softner
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|
|
What are the common indications for cetirizine
|
Perennial or seasonal allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria
|
|
|
What are the common indications for bisacodyl
|
Constipation
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|
What are the common indications for docusate
|
Constipation
|
|
|
What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings of cetirizine
|
Hypersensitivity to cetirizine, levocetirizine, (R enatiomer of cetirizine), or hydroyzine
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|
|
What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings of bisacodyl
|
Hypersensitivity to bisacodyl, or any component of the formulation; gastroenteritis; appendicitis; intestinal obstruction
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|
What are the absolute contraindications/black box warnings of docusate
|
Hypersensitivity to docusate, or any component of the formulation; cocomitant use of mineral oil; intestinal obstruction; acute adobinal pain; nausea, and vomiting
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|
What is the usual adult dosage of cetirizine
|
5-10 mg daily
|
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|
What is the usual adult dosage of bisacodyl
|
5-15 mg once daily orally (max 30 mg) - 10 mg suppository once daily
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|
|
What is the usual adult dosage of docusate
|
"50-200 mg once daily, or divided into up to 4 doses 50-100 mg rectally as an enema"
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|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of cetirizine
|
Common: headache, somnolence, fatigue, dry mouth
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of bisacodyl
|
Common: abdominal cramps/discomfort, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, proctitis (when used as a suppository)
Serious: atony of the colon |
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|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of docusate
|
Common: abdominal cramps/discomfort, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, bitter taste
Serious: hepatotoxicity (rare) |
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for cetirizine
|
Avoid activities causing mental awareness until the effects of the drug are realized, no alcohol, no CNS depressants
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|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for bisacodyl
|
Expect a bowel movement with in 15-60 min after placing the suppository, report recatal bleedin, and/or failure to have a bowel movement with in 12 hours of administration
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|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for docusate
|
Drug usually takes 1-3 days to work, occasionally 3-5 days, report if a bowel movement does not occur in this time period, report rectal bleeding, do not use for longer than one week with out further direction from a healthcare provider, Do not use within 2 hours of using another medication, do not take oral formula and mieral oil at the same time, do not take if experiencing abdominal cramps/discomfort, nausea and vomiting, or a sudden change in bowel movement habits.
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|
|
The abbreviation "TFT" means what?
|
thyroid function test
|
|
|
The abbreviation "THR" means what?
|
total hip replacement
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TIA" means what?
|
transient ischemic attack
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|
|
The abbreviation "t.i.d. or tid" means what?
|
three times a day (tris in die)
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|
|
The abbreviation "TLC" means what?
|
total lung capacity
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|
|
The abbreviation "TM" means what?
|
tympanic membrane
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TMJ" means what?
|
temporomandibular joint
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TNM" means what?
|
tumor-node-metastasis (staging system for cancer)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TPN" means what?
|
total parenteral nutrition (IV solution to maintain nutrition)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TPR" means what?
|
temperature, pulse, respiration
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TSH" means what?
|
thyroid-stimulating hormone (secreted by pituitary gland)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TUR or TURP" means what?
|
transurethral resection of the prostate gland
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Tx" means what?
|
treatment
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TVH" means what?
|
total vaginal hysterectomy
|
|
|
One milliliter equals how many microliters?
|
1000 mcL
|
|
|
One meter equals how many centimeters? How many inches?
|
100 cm or 39.37 in
|
|
|
One ounce equals how many grams?
|
28.4 g
|
|
|
One pint equals how many milliliters?
|
473 mL
|
|
|
One milliliter equals how many drops?
|
~20 gtt
|
|
|
One foot equals how many inches?
|
12 in
|
|
|
One inch equals how many centimeters?
|
2.54 cm
|
|
|
How do you calculate BSA (m^2) [body surface area]?
|
[Patient’s height (cm) x Patient’s weight (kg) / 3600]1/2
|
|
|
How do you calculate IBW (ideal body weight) for a male?
|
50kg + 2.3kg for each inch of height over 5ft
|
|
|
How do you calculate IBW (ideal body weight) for a female?
|
45.5kg + 2.3kg for each in of height over 5ft
|
|
|
What's the Cockcroft-Gault CrCl equation?
|
CrCl = ((140-Patients age in years) x IBW in kg) / (72 x Serum Creatinine in mg/dL)
|
|
|
What's the Cockcroft-Gault CrCl equation for females?
|
CrCl = ((140-Patients age in years) x IBW in kg) / (72 x Serum Creatinine in mg/dL). Multiply CrCl answer by 0.85. Use Actual Body Weight instead if less than IBW
|
|
|
The abbreviation “ss” means what?
|
1/2 or 0.5
|
|
|
The abbreviation "I, i, or j” means what?
|
1
|
|
|
The abbreviation "V or v” means what?
|
5
|
|
|
The abbreviation "X or x” means what?
|
10
|
|
|
The abbreviation "L or l” means what?
|
50
|
|
|
The abbreviation "C or c” means what?
|
100
|
|
|
The abbreviation "D or d” means what?
|
500
|
|
|
"The abbreviation ""M or m” means what?
|
1000
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TIW" stands for...
|
Three times a week
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TO" stands for...
|
Telephone order
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ud" stands for...
|
Use as directed
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VO" stands for...
|
Verbal order
|
|
|
The abbreviation "IM" stands for...
|
intramuscular
|
|
|
The abbreviation "inj" stands for...
|
injection
|
|
|
The abbreviation "IV" stands for...
|
intravenous
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SQ" stands for...
|
subcutaneously
|
|
|
The abbreviation "KVO" stands for...
|
keep vein open
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TPN" stands for...
|
total parenteral nutrition
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ATC" stands for...
|
around-the-clock
|
|
|
The abbreviation "MDI" stands for...
|
metered dose inhaler
|
|
|
The abbreviation "NPO" stands for...
|
nothing by mouth
|
|
|
The abbreviation "NTG" stands for...
|
nitroglycerin
|
|
|
The abbreviation "OTC" stands for...
|
over-the-counter
|
|
|
The abbreviation "SL" stands for...
|
sublingual
|
|
|
The abbreviation "aa" stands for...
|
of each
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ad" stands for...
|
up to; right ear
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ad lib" stands for...
|
at pleasure, freely
|
|
|
The abbreviation "aq" stands for...
|
water
|
|
|
The abbreviation "div" stands for...
|
divide
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ADH " means what?
|
antidiuretic hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ADHD " means what?
|
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ad lib" means what?
|
freely as desired (ad libitum)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AED" means what?
|
automatic external defibrillator
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AICD " means what?
|
automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AIDS " means what?
|
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
|
|
|
The abbreviation "alb " means what?
|
albumin (protein)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ALL " means what?
|
acute lymphocytic leukemia
|
|
|
The abbreviation "alk phos " means what?
|
alkaline phosphatase (enzyme elevated in liver disease)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ALS " means what?
|
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig disease)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ALT " means what?
|
alanine transaminase (enzyme elevated in liver disease), formerly called SGPT
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AMI " means what?
|
acute myocardial infarction
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AML " means what?
|
acute myelocytic (myelogenous) leukemia
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AP" or "A/P " means what?
|
anteroposterior (front to back)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "A&P " means what?
|
auscultation and percussion
|
|
|
The abbreviation "aq " means what?
|
water (aqua)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AS " means what?
|
left ear (auris sinister); aortic stenosis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ASD " means what?
|
atrial septal defect
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ASHD " means what?
|
arteriosclerotic heart disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation "AST " means what?
|
aspartate transaminase (elevated in liver and heart disease), formerly called SGOT
|
|
|
The abbreviation "UA, U/A" means what?
|
urinalysis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "UE" means what?
|
upper extremity
|
|
|
The abbreviation "UGI" means what?
|
upper gastrointestinal.
|
|
|
The abbreviation "umb" means what?
|
navel(umbilical cord region)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ung" means what?
|
ointment
|
|
|
The abbreviation "U/O" means what?
|
urinary output
|
|
|
The abbreviation "URI" means what?
|
upper respiratory infection
|
|
|
The abbreviation "U/S, u/s" means what?
|
ultrasound
|
|
|
The abbreviation "UTI" means what?
|
urinary tract infection
|
|
|
The abbreviation "UV" means what?
|
ultraviolet
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VA" means what?
|
visual acuity
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VATS" means what?
|
video-assisted thoracoscopy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VC" means what?
|
vital capacity of lungs
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VCUG" means what?
|
voiding cystourethrogram
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VEGF" means what?
|
vascular endothelial growth factor
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VF" means what?
|
visual field; ventricular fibrillation
|
|
|
The abbreviation "V/S, v/s" means what?
|
vital signs; versus
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VSD" means what?
|
ventricular septal defect
|
|
|
The abbreviation "VSS" means what?
|
vital signs stable
|
|
|
The abbreviation "V tach or VT" means what?
|
venricular tachycardia (abnormal heart rhythm)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "WBC, wbc" means what?
|
white blood cell (count)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "W/C" means what?
|
wheel chair
|
|
|
The abbreviation "wd" means what?
|
wound
|
|
|
The abbreviation "WDWN" means what?
|
well developed and well nourished
|
|
|
The abbreviation "WNL" means what?
|
within normal limits
|
|
|
The abbreviation "WT, wt" means what?
|
weight
|
|
|
The abbreviation "w/u" means what?
|
workup
|
|
|
The abbreviation "xrt" means what?
|
radiation therapy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "y,yr" means what?
|
years
|
|
|
The abbreviation "y/o" means what?
|
years old
|
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug phenylephrine?
|
fen-il-EF-rin
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug phenylephrine?
|
SudafedPE®; Neo-Synephrine®; 4 Way® Fast Acting; Little Noses® Decongestant; PediaCare® Children's Decongestant
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug phenylephrine?
|
Decongestant (Alpha-adrenergic agonist)
|
|
|
What are the common indications for phenylephrine?
|
Nasal congestion
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for phenylephrine?
|
Hypertension, narrow-angle glaucoma, infants/children of low body weight (ophthalmic solution 10%)
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for phenylephrine?
|
Oral: 10-20 mg every 4 hours as needed for ≤7 days Nasal: 0.25% to 1% solution: Instill 2-3 sprays or 2-3 drops in each nostril every 4 hours as needed for ≤3 days.
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of phenylephrine?
|
"Common: Nasal: Burning, nasal congestion, rebound, nasal discharge, sneezing, stinging
Oral: Hypertension, anxiety, dizziness, excitability, giddiness, headache, insomnia, nervousness, restlessness Serious: Oral: Myocardial infarction, arrhythmia" |
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for phenylephrine?
|
• Patients taking oral form should avoid activities requiring mental alertness or coordination until drug effects are realized, as drug may cause dizziness and somnolence.
• Teach patient proper administration technique, depending on route. • Patient should not use nasal form for more than 3 to 5 days, as prolonged use may cause rebound nasal congestion. • Tell patients using nasal form to avoid using other inhaled medicines through mouth/nose unless approved by healthcare professional. • Patient should avoid giving oral form to children under 6 years old or rectal form to children under 12 years old unless approved by healthcare professional. • Advise patient to avoid using MAO inhibitors, antidepressants, or antihypertensive medication unless approved by healthcare professional. |
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug dextromethorphan?
|
dek-troe-meth-OR-fan
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug dextromethorphan?
|
Delsym®; Robafen Cough; Robitussin® Lingering Cold Long-Acting Cough; Robitussin® Cough Long Acting; DayQuil® Cough, Creomulsion®; PediaCare® Children's Long-Acting Cough
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug dextromethorphan?
|
Antitussive
|
|
|
What are the common indications for dextromethorphan?
|
Symptomatic relief of cough
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for dextromethorphan?
|
Concurrent administration with or within 2 weeks of discontinuing an MAO inhibitor.
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for dextromethorphan?
|
Oral: 10-20 mg every 4 hours or 30 mg every 6-8 hours; Extended Release: 60 mg twice daily; maximum: 120 mg/day
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of dextromethorphan?
|
Common: Dizziness, somnolence, fatigue Serious: Serotonin syndrome
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for dextromethorphan?
|
"• Instruct patient to report use of a MAO inhibitor within the last 14 days prior to initiating therapy.
• Patient should avoid activities requiring mental alertness or coordination until drug effects are realized. • This drug may cause dizziness, somnolence, or fatigue." |
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug guaifenesin?
|
gwye-FEN-e-sin
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug guaifenesin?
|
Mucinex; Robitussin
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug guaifenesin?
|
Expectorant
|
|
|
What are the common indications for guaifenesin?
|
To loosen phlegm and thin bronchial secretions, in order to make coughs more productive; sputum abnormal - amount
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for guaifenesin?
|
Hypersensitivity to guaifenesin or any component of the formulation
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for guaifenesin?
|
Oral: 200-400 mg every 4 hours to a maximum of 2.4 g/day
Extended Release Tablet: 600-1200 mg every 12 hours, not to exceed 2.4 g/day |
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of guaifenesin?
|
Common: Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, rash, decreased uric acid levels.
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for guaifenesin?
|
"• This drug may cause nausea or vomiting.
• Patient should take drug with a full glass of water and maintain adequate hydration during drug therapy. • Instruct patient that guaifenesin in combination with dextromethorphan should not be used in patients taking MAO inhibitors. • Advise patients with history of cardiac disorder, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, prostatic hypertrophy, or glaucoma to avoid guaifenesin in combination with phenylpropanolamine. |
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug asprin?
|
AS pir in
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug aspirin?
|
Ecotrin®,Bayer®,Ascriptin®,Aspergum®, Aspirtab®, Easprin®,Ecpirin®,entercote®,Halfprin®,Ascriptin®
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug aspirin?
|
Salicylate, Analgesics, NSAID
|
|
|
What are the common indications for aspirin?
|
Generalized aches and pains,fever, headache,migraine,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis, cerebrovascular accident, prophylaxis; myocardial infarction, prophylaxis
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for aspirin?
|
Hypersensitivity to salicylate, other NSAIDs, or any component of the formulation, asthma,rhinitis,nasal polyps,inherited or acquired bleeding disorders,children and teenagers with chicken pox or flu symptoms due to Reye's syndrome,pregnancy(3rd trimester especially )
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for aspirin?
|
Analgesics,Antinflammatory: 325 to 650mg orally every 4-6hrs as needed. Max:4g /day; MI/CVA prophylaxis: 75-325mg orally daily
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of aspirin?
|
Vomiting,headache,nausea,gastric discomfort,diarrhea.
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for aspirin?
|
Avoid alcohol, salicylate-containing foods,other medications containing aspirin or salicylate, or other NSAIDS without consulting prescriber; Inform prescribers and dentists that you are taking this medication prior to scheduling any surgery or dental procedure; Maintain adequate hydration, unless instructed to restrict fluid intake; due to risk of Reye's syndrome, it should not be used in children; report signs of bleeding or GI distress;
|
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug Acetaminophen?
|
a seet a MIN oh fen
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug acetaminophen?
|
Tylenol®,Genaap®,FeverAll®, Altenol®,Aminophen®,Acephen®.
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug acetaminophen?
|
Analgesic
|
|
|
What are the common indications for acetaminophen?
|
Fever, headache, mild to moderate pain
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for acetaminophen?
|
Active and sever hepatic disease, sever hepatic impairment, hypersensitivity to Acetaminophen or any other components of the drug.
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for Acetaminophen?
|
650-1000mg orally every 6hrs prn; Max:4g/day
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of acetaminophen?
|
pruritis,constipation,vomiting,headache,nausea, insomnia, agitation,atelectasis.
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for acetaminophen?
|
"• Avoid alcohol or other prescription or OTC medications that contain acetaminophen.
• Report unusual bleeding( stool, mouth, urine) or bruising, unusual fatigue and weakness, belly pain, yellow eyes or skin, or lack of appetite.• Report unusual bleeding( stool, mouth, urine) or bruising, unusual fatigue and weakness, belly pain, yellow eyes or skin, or lack of appetite. •Maximum dose of 4g per 24 hours. May non-prescription combination products may contain acetaminophen. |
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug ibuprofen?
|
eye byoo PROE fen
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug ibuprofen?
|
Advil®,Motrin®,A-G profen®,Addaprin®,Bufen®,Genpril®,Haltran®,I-prin®
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug ibuprofen?
|
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory
|
|
|
What are the common indications for ibuprofen?
|
Fever, headache, migraine, pain, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, primary dismenorrheal
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for ibuprofen?
|
"• Serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, myocardial infarction, and stroke, which can be fatal.
• Serious gastrointestinal adverse events especially in the elderly, including bleeding, ulceration,and perforation of the stomach or intestine, which can be fatal. |
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for ibuprofen?
|
200-400mg orally every 4-6hrs as needed; Max:1200mg/day
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of ibuprofen?
|
Rash,heartburn,nausea,dizziness,headache
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for acetaminophen?
|
"• Avoid use of additional NSAIDs or aspirin during therapy, unless approved by a doctor.
• Avoid use in late pregnancy as drug may cause premature closure of ductus arteriosus. • Patient with previous cardiac history needs to report signs/symptoms of myocardial infarction or stroke, especially with long term use. • Report signs/symptoms of serious gastrointestinal events, such as bleeding, ulceration, or perforation. Eldely and debilitated patients may be at increased risk. • Reprt sign/ symptoms of hepatotoxicity, such as nausea,fatigue, lethargy. pruritus, jaundice, right upper quadrant tenderness, and flu-like symptoms. • Report skin rash, blistering, or any symptoms of a serious skin reaction. • Take oral form with food or milk to minimize GI irritations. • Do not drink alcohol or smoke while using this drug to reduce risk of GI bleeds. |
|
|
The abbreviation "T" means what?
|
Temperature; Time
|
|
|
The abbreviation "T1,T2" means what?
|
First thoracic vertebra, Second thoracic vertebra
|
|
|
The abbreviation "T3" means what?
|
Triiodothyronine (thyroid gland hormone)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "T4" means what?
|
Thyroxine (thyroid gland hormone)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "T&A" means what?
|
Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "tab" means what?
|
Tablet
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TAB" means what?
|
Therapeutic abortion
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TAH-BSO" means what?
|
Total abdominal hysterectomy-bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TB" means what?
|
Tuberculosis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "T cells" means what?
|
Lymphocytes originating in the thymus gland
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TEE" means what?
|
Transesophageal echocardiography
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TENS" means what?
|
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CABG" means what?
|
coronary artery bypass graft
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CAD" means what?
|
coronary artery disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CAPD" means what?
|
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "cap" means what?
|
capsule
|
|
|
The abbreviation "cath" means what?
|
catheter; catheterization
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CBC" means what?
|
complete blood count
|
|
|
The abbreviation "cc" means what?
|
cubic centimeter (1 cc equals 1/1000 liter, or 1 mL)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CC" means what?
|
chief complaint
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CCU" means what?
|
coronary care unit; critical care unit
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CF" means what?
|
cystic fibrosis
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Chemo" means what?
|
chemotherapy
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CHF" means what?
|
congestive heart failure
|
|
|
The abbreviation "Chol" means what?
|
cholesterol
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CIN" means what?
|
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CIS" means what?
|
carcinoma in situ
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CKD" means what?
|
chronic kidney disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation "cm" means what?
|
centimeter (1 cm is 1/100 meter)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CLL" means what?
|
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CML" means what?
|
chronic myelocytic (myelogenous) leukemia
|
|
|
The abbreviation "CNS" means what?
|
central nervous system
|
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug doxycycline?
|
dox-i-SYE-kleen
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug doxycycline?
|
Adoxa, Doryx, Monodox, Oracea, Periostat, Vibramycin
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug doxycycline?
|
Antibiotic, tetracycline derivative
|
|
|
What are the common indications for doxycycline?
|
Acinetobacter infection, acne vulgaris, anthrax, chlamydial infection, uncomplicated gonorrhea, malaria, rocky mountain spotted fever, shigellosis, staphylococcal infections of the skin
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for doxycycline?
|
Hypersensitivity to doxycycline/tetracycline products
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for doxycycline?
|
100-200 mg/day in 1-2 divided doses
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of doxycycline?
|
Photosensitivity, diarrhea, nasopharyngitis
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for doxycycline?
|
Continue taking this medicine for the full time of treatment, even if you begin to feel better after a few days. It may be taken with food or milk, if it upsets your stomach. Drink plenty of fluids to avoid throat irritation and ulceration. Wear sunblock if you are in the sun. If your symptoms do not improve within a few days, or if they become worse, check with your doctor.
|
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug clindamycin HCL?
|
klin-dah-MYE-sin
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug clindamycin HCL?
|
Cleocin HCL
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug clindamycin HCL?
|
Antibiotic, Lincosamide
|
|
|
What are the common indications for clindamycin HCL?
|
The common indications for clindamycin HCL are bacterial infectious disease by staphylococci, streptococci, or pneumococci. Also, skin infections, infectious disease of abdomen, lower respiratory tract infection, Empyema, pneumonitis, and Pelvic inflammatory disease.
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for clindamycin HCL?
|
Do not use if you have a sensitivity to clindamycin or lincosamides.
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for clindamycin HCL?
|
150 to 300 mg ORALLY every 6 hours, depending on type of infection; use 300 to 450 mg ORALLY every 6 hours for more severe infections.
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of clindamycin HCL?
|
rash, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for clindamycin HCL?
|
This drug may cause nausea or jaundice. The patient should report severe diarrhea and consult with healthcare professional prior to taking anti-diarrhea medicine. Take with a full glass of water, with or without food.
|
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of generic drug sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
sul-fah-meth-OX-ah-zole/ try-METH-oh-prim
|
|
|
What are the brand names for the generic drug sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
Bactrim, Bactrim DS, Septra, Septra DS, Sulfatrim
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class for the drug sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
Antibiotic, Sulfonamide Derivative
|
|
|
What are the common indications for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
Some of the common indications are Acute infective exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Acute otitis media, HIV infection - Pneumocystis pneumonia, Prophylaxis, Pneumocystis pneumonia, Shigellosis, Traveler's diarrhea, Urinary tract infectious disease
|
|
|
What are the contraindications/Black Box Warnings for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
contraindications are hypersensitivity to sulfonamides or trimethoprim, history of sulfonamide- or trimethoprim-induced immune thrombocytopenia, infants less than 2 months of age, hepatic damage, nursing mothers, pregnant patients, renal insufficiency
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
General dosing guidelines: 1-2 double-strength tablets (800 sulfamethoxazole/160 trimethprim) every 12-24 hours
|
|
|
What are the common side effects/adverse effects of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
Common: Rash, Urticaria, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Vomiting/Serious: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrolysis
|
|
|
What are the clinical counseling pearls for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?
|
Causes sun sensitivity, Use sunscreen and avoid tanning beds. Report any signs of a severe skin reaction. Maintain adequate hydration during therapy to prevent crystalluria and renal stone formation.
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ac" means what?
|
before meals
|
|
|
The abbreviation "am" means what?
|
morning
|
|
|
The abbreviation "bid" means what?
|
twice a day
|
|
|
The abbreviation "pc" means what?
|
after meals
|
|
|
The abbreviation "pm" means what?
|
evening
|
|
|
The abbreviation "QID" means what?
|
four times a day
|
|
|
The abbreviation "TID" means what?
|
three times a day
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ad" means what?
|
right ear
|
|
|
The abbreviation "as" means what?
|
left ear
|
|
|
The abbreviation "au" means what?
|
both ears
|
|
|
The abbreviation "gtt" means what?
|
drop
|
|
|
The abbreviation "hs" means what?
|
bedtime
|
|
|
The abbreviation "qs" means what?
|
quantity sufficient
|
|
|
The abbreviation "od" means what?
|
right eye
|
|
|
The abbreviation "os" means what?
|
left eye
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ou" means what?
|
both eyes
|
|
|
The abbreviation "tbsp" means what?
|
tablespoonful
|
|
|
The abbreviation "tsp" means what?
|
teaspoonful
|
|
|
The abbreviation "ung" means what?
|
ointment
|
|
|
The abbreviation "c" means what?
|
with
|
|
|
The abbreviation "stat" means what?
|
immediately
|
|
|
The abbreviation "FSH" means what?
|
follicle-stimulating hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺF/U or f/uʺ means what?
|
follow up
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺFUOʺ means what?
|
fever of unknown (undetermined) origin
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺFxʺ means what?
|
fracture
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGʺ means what?
|
gravida (a pregnant woman)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺg or gmʺ means what?
|
gram
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGaʺ means what?
|
gallium
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGBʺ means what?
|
gallbladder
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGCʺ means what?
|
gonococcus
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGdʺ means what?
|
gadolinium
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGERDʺ means what?
|
gastroesophageal reflux disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGHʺ means what?
|
growth hormone (secreted by the pituatary glad).
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGIʺ means what?
|
gastrointestinal
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGrav. 1,2,3 ʺ means what?,,
|
gravida (a woman who has had a first, second, or third pregnancy of any duration)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺgt or gttʺ means what?
|
drop or drops
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGTTʺ means what?
|
glucose tolerance test
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGUʺ means what?
|
genitourinary
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGVHDʺ means what?
|
graft-versus-host disease
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGyʺ means what?
|
gray (unit of irradiation)
|
|
|
The abbreviation ʺGYN or gynʺ means what?
|
gynecology
|
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of acyclovir?
|
ay-SYE-kloe-vir
|
|
|
What is the brane name for acyclovir?
|
Zovirax
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class of acyclovir?
|
Antiviral Agent; Viral DNA Polymerase Inhibitor (specifically a Guanosine Nucleoside Analog)
|
|
|
What are the common indications of acyclovir?
|
Genital herpes simplex; Herpes zoster (Shingles); Herpes simplex, mucocutaneous; Recurrent herpes simplex labialis; Varicella
|
|
|
What are the absolute contraindications of acyclovir?
|
Hypersensitivity to acyclovir, valacyclovir, or any ingredient in the drug
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing of acyclovir?
|
Genital herpes simplex: 400mg 3 times daily for 7-10 days or 200mg 5 times daily initially or apply ointment every 3 hours for 7 days, then repeat for 5 days for a recurrence; Herpes labialis: apply cream 5 times daily for 4 days; Herpes Simplex, Mucocutaneous: apply ointment every 3 hours for 7 days; Herpes zoster: 800 mg every 4 hours for 7-10 days;. Varicella: 800mg 4 times daily for 5 days (Dosage varies for HIV patients)
|
|
|
What are common side effects of acyclovir?
|
Malaise, nausea, diarrhea, headache, vomiting, and contact dermatitis
|
|
|
What are some clinical counseling pearls for acyclovir?
|
Hydrate with oral administration to avoid kidney toxicity; medication does not prevent reinfection or disease transmission of genital herpes so abstain from sex and always use condoms; apply topically with a glove or finger cot to avoid reinfection and do not apply to eye or inside mouth or nose.
|
|
|
What is the phonetic pronunciation of oseltamivir?
|
oh-sel-TAM-i-vir
|
|
|
What is the brane name for oseltamivir?
|
Tamiflu
|
|
|
What is the therapeutic class of oseltamivir?
|
Antiviral agent; Neuraminidase Inhibitor, Influenza A and B virus
|
|
|
What are the common indications of oseltamivir?
|
Treatment and prophylaxis of Influenza virus types A and B
|
|
|
What are the absolute contraindications of oseltamivir?
|
Hypersensitivity to oseltamivir or any ingredient in the drug
|
|
|
What is the usual adult dosing of oseltamivir?
|
Treatment of avian influenza, influenza types A and B, or novel Influenza A, H1N1: 75mg orally twice daily for 5 days. For Prophylaxis: 75mg once daily for 7-10 days for avian influenza, 75mg once daily for at least 10 days for types A and B, and 75mg once daily for 10 days for H1N1.
|
|
|
What are common side effects of oseltamivir?
|
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
|
|
|
What are some clinical counseling pearls for oseltamivir?
|
Take with food to minimize gastric irritation, this is not a substitute for the flu vaccine, take a missed dose as soon as possible unless next dose is within 2 hours, and seek medical attention if you experience signs or symptoms of neuropsychiatric events.
|
|
|
The abbreviation "p/o" means what?
|
postoperative
|
|
|
The abbreviation "p.o." or "po" means what?
|
by mouth (per os)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "polys" means what?
|
polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "poplit" means what?
|
popliteal (behind the knee)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "post-op" means what?
|
after operation
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PP" means what?
|
after meals (postprandial); after birth (postpartum)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PPD" means what?
|
purified protein derivative (skin test for tuberculosis)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "pre-op" means what?
|
before operation (preoperative)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "prep" means what?
|
prepare for
|
|
|
The abbreviation "p.r.n." or "prn" means what?
|
as needed (pro re nata)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "procto" means what?
|
proctoscopy (visual examination of the anus and rectum)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "pro time" means what?
|
prothrombin time (test of blood clotting)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PSA" means what?
|
prostate-specific antigen (screening test for prostate cancer)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "pt" means what?
|
patient
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PT" means what?
|
physical therapy; prothrombin time
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PTA" means what?
|
prior to admission (to hospital)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PTCA" means what?
|
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (balloon angioplasty)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PTH" means what?
|
parathyroid hormone
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PTR" means what?
|
patient to return
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PTSD" means what?
|
post-traumatic stress disorder
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PTT" means what?
|
partial thromboplastin time (test of blood clotting)
|
|
|
The abbreviation "PVC" means what?
|
premature ventricular contraction (abnormal heart rhythm)
|
