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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal values
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ph 7.35 to 7.45
co 35 to 45 hco 22 to 26 |
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respiratory acidosis
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an increae in hydrogen in concentration as a result of imparied elimination of co2.the ph is low and the co is high. HCO is normal.
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respiratoy acidosis
compensatory mechanisms |
Kidneys will reatin increae amounts of HCO3 to increase ph
Increae respiratory rate to eliminate CO2 Kidneys conserve HCO3 ions |
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Respiratoy acidosis
signs and symptoms |
dyspnea
tachypnea restlessness confusion diaphoresis hypoventation |
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Respiratory alkalosis
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decrease in hydrogen ion concentraton as a result of excess elimination of CO2
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respiratory alaklosis
compensatroy mechanisms |
Decrease respiratory rate to retain CO2
Kidneys eliminate bicarbonate buffers. |
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respiratoy alakalosis
signs and symptoms |
anxiety
lightheadedness tingling in fingers/toes paresthesia circumoral numbness confusion cardiac dysrhythmias syncope seizures |
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metabolic acidosis
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decrease ph below 7.25
decreaed HCO3 below 22 Increased H+ ions |
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metabolic compensation
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In respiratory acidosis the urinary system excretes increased H+ ions to compensate for the respiratroy system's inablity to blow off CO2.
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Metabolic compensation
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In resp. alkalosis the urinary system may decrease excretion of H+ ions to compensate adn maintain the body's ph in the normal range.
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Metabolic alkalosis
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increased ph above 7.45
increased HCO above 36 decreased H+ ions may be seen sith K+ less than 3.5 compensation is a result of increase in C02 |
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Metabolic acidosis
causes |
starvation
DKA renal failure schock diarrhea |
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Metabolic acidosis
sign and symptoms |
hypotension
tachypnea fruity breath cold clammy skin nausea vomiting diarrhea confusion Kussmaul's respirations flushed warm dry skin dysrhythmias stupor coma |
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Metabolic alkalosis
signs and symptoms |
muscle weakness
hyporeflexia polyuria or polydipsia related to hypokalemia cardicac rehythm disturbances neuromuscular excitability apathy confucion stupor |
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Metabolic acidosis
causes |
Loss of bicarbonate, diarrhea
excess adid production, ketoacidosis, diabetes, alcohol induced lactic acidosis excess acid ingestion, cocain renal failure potassium sparing diuretics |
