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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What law states that the weight of gas dissolving in liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of a gas?
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Henry's Law
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What does Henry's Law allow us to calculate?
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the amount of O2 (expressed in ml) dissolved in 1ml of plasma
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What is the formula for Dissolved O2 in the Plasma (dissolved O2 content)?
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Dissolved in the Plasma= 0.003 * PaO2
(dissolved O2 content) |
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What law states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is directly proportional to its solubility coefficient and inversely proportional to the square root of its density?
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Graham's Law
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How much more diffusible is CO2 than O2?
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20x
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How much more diffusible is CO than O2?
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200x
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What is the formula for Combined with the Hemoglobin (combined O2 content)?
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Combined with the Hemoglobin= (1.34*Hb*SaO2)
(combined O2 content) |
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What does the 1.34 factor mean?
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in whole blood, 1g of normal Hb can carry approximately 1.34ml of O2
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What % of O2 is bound to the Hb?
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99%
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Does Hb exert a gas pressure?
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no
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What are the 3 abnormal Hb's?
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-COhgb (carboxyhemoglobin)
-Hbf (fetal hemoglobin) -metHb (methemoglobin) |
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What formula is determined by adding the combined O2 content with the dissolved O2 content?
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CaO2 (Total O2 content)
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What is the formula for the CaO2 (total O2 content)?
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CaO2= (0.003*PaO2)+(1.34*Hb*SaO2)
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What does the CaO2 represent?
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the total amount of O2 carried in the blood (vol %)
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Why is the Oxyhemoglobin curve sigmoidal?
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due to Hb affinity for O2 at each of 4 binding sites
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Which site on the Hb has the least affinity for O2?
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last site
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In the steep portion of the Oxyhemoglobin curve, what will minimal changes in PO2 cause?
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drastic changes in saturation and total O2 content
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What is P50?
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where Hb is 50% saturated w/ O2 and is normally a PaO2 of 27mm Hg
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What does a right shift in the Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve cause?
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right shift causes a decreased affinity for O2, resulting in decreased saturation but increased O2 to the tissues
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What are the factors that cause a shift to the right (decreased affinity)?
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- H+ increase (decreased pH)
- increased PCO2 - increased temp. - increase of 2-3 DPG - decreased SaO2 - P50 >27 |
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What is a normal adult P50?
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about 27mm Hg
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What does a shift to the left in the Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve cause?
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left shift causes increased affinity for O2, resulting in increased saturation but decreased O2 to the tissues
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What are some factors that will cause a shift to the left (increased affinity)?
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- decreased PCO2
- decreased H+ (increased pH) - decreased temp. - decreased 2-3 DPG - increased SaO2 |
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What is the Bohr effect?
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the effect of H+ or CO2 on Hb affinity for O2
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Which partial pressure is low at the lungs?
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PCO2 is low at the lungs
- shifts curve to left - increased affinity for O2 - pH increased in lungs causing shift to the left w/ an uptake of O2 into the blood |
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Which partial pressure is high at the tissues?
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PCO2 is high at the tissues
- shifts curve to the right - decreases affinity for O2 - pH decreased in tissue causing shift to right releasing O2 to the tissue |
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What is the FIO2 (fraction of inspired O2) at room air?
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21%
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What is the average barometric pressure (BP) at sea level?
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760mm Hg
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What should the PAO2 & the PACO2 always equal?
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140mm Hg
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What are the different names for the Alveolar Air Equation?
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-Alveolar Ideal Air Equation
-Alveolar O2 tension |
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What is the formula for the Alveolar O2 tension?
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PAO2= FIO2 (PB-PH2O) - PaCO2/RQ
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What is the rule concerning the FIO2 and the RQ in the Alveolar air equation?
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if the FIO2 is 60% or greater, you DO NOT USE the RQ in the equation
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