Abg

Front 1

If pH is normal and PaCO2 and HCO3- are both abnormal, then the patient is..

Back 1

COMPENSATED

Front 2

If pH is abnormal and PaCO2 and HCO3- are both abnormal, then the patient is..

Back 2

PARTIALLY COMPENSATED

Front 3

If pH is abnormal, and either PaCO2 or HCO3- are abnormal, then the patient is..

Back 3

uncompensated.

Front 4

If only PaCO2 is abnormal, then its a ________________ problem.

Back 4

Respiratory

Front 5

If only HCO3 is abnormal, then its a ________________ problem.

Back 5

Metabolic

Front 6

If both the pCO2 and HCO3 are abnormal, ____________ is most likely causing an abnormal pH.

Back 6

the one which deviates most from the norm

Front 7

COPD, SEDATIVE OVERDOSE, CHEST WALL ABNORMALITIES, SEVERE PNEUMONIA, ATELECTASIS, MECHANICAL HYPOVENTILATION, and Resp. Weakness (e.g. Guillan Barre) are causes of..

Back 7

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

Front 8

Hyperventilation (e.g. Hypoxia, pulmonary emboli, anxiety, fear, pain, exercise, fever, mechanical hyperventilation, brain injury, and septicemia are causes of..

Back 8

RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

Front 9

Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Lactic Acidosis, Starvation, Severe Diarrhea, Renal Tubular Acidosis, Shock, and Shock are causes of..

Back 9

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

Front 10

Severe Vomiting, Excess NG suctioning, Potassium deficit, Excess mineralcorticoids, diuretic therapy, and excess NaHCO3 are causes of..

Back 10

Metabolic Alkalosis

Front 11

Respiratory imbalances caused by..

Back 11

Carbonic Acid (CA) excess and carbonic acid deficit.

Front 12

Metabolic imbalances are caused by..

Back 12

base bicarb or deficit and base bicarb excess.

Front 13

VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION (related to hyperkalemia from compensation) is a clinical manifestation of..

Back 13

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS.

Front 14

DYSRHYTHMIAS (related to hyperkalemia from compensation) is a clinical manifestation of..

Back 14

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS.

Front 15

Epigastric pain, Numbness and DYSRHYTHMIAS (related to hypokalemia from compensation) are clinical manifestations of..

Back 15

RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

Front 16

Anorexia, Tremors, and DYSRHYTHMIAS (related to hypokalemia from compensation) are clinical manifestations of..

Back 16

METABOLIC ALKALOSIS

Front 17

When the pH is within normal limits..

Back 17

it is FULL COMPENSATION.

Front 18

If the parameter that does not match the pH is moving in the opposite direction..

Back 18

The body is attempting to compensate.

Front 19

A patient with a cardiac history is taking the diuretic furosemide (Lasix) and is seen in the emergency department for muscle weakness. which laboratory value do you assess first?

Back 19

SERUM POTASSIUM

Front 20

Which of the following defining characteristics is consistent with fluid volume deficit?

Back 20

Dry Mucous Membranes , thready pulse, Tachycardia

Front 21

Assessment findings consistent with IV infiltration include..

Back 21

Edema and pain, Pallor and Coolness.

Front 22

While receiving a blood transfusion, your patient develops chills, tachycardia, and flushing. What is your priority action?

Back 22

stop the infusion.

Front 23

The health care provider's order is 1000 mL 0.9% NaCl with 20 mEq K+ intravenously over 8 hours. Which assessment finding causes you to clarify the order with the health care provider before hanging this fluid?

Back 23

Oliguria.

Front 24

Your patient who has diabetic ketoacidosis is breathing rapidly and deeply. Intravenous (IV) fluids and other treatments have just been started. What should you do about this patient's breathing?

Back 24

Provide frequent oral care to keep her mucous membranes moist.

Front 25

Which of the following assessments do you perform routinely when an older adult patient is receiving intravenous 0.9% NaCl?

Back 25

Auscultate dependent portions of lungs

Front 26

patients that will need to be on a sodium restriction include those with..

Back 26

heart and kidney failure

Front 27

Compensatory responses for respiratory acidosis:

Back 27

HCO3 Retention by Kidney

Front 28

Compensatory responses for respiratory alkalosis:

Back 28

HCO3 excretion by Kidney

Front 29

Compensatory responses for metabolic acidosis:

Back 29

CO2 Excretion by Lungs.

Front 30

Compensatory responses for metabolic alkalosis:

Back 30

CO2 Retention by Lungs.

Front 31

Headache, confusion, incomplete respirations, nausea, and vomiting are signs and symptoms of this ABG problem..

Back 31

Metabolic Acidosis

Front 32

Dizziness, irritability, tingling digits, decreased RR are signs and symptoms of this ABG problem..

Back 32

Metabolic Alkalosis

Front 33

Mental Status changes, dizziness, Headache, coma are signs and symptoms of this ABG problem..

Back 33

Respiratory Acidosis

Front 34

Hyperventilating, Nausea/Vomiting, Palpitations, light headedness, and sweating are signs and symptoms of this ABG problem..

Back 34

Respiratory Alkalosis

Front 35

Causes and treatments of Metabolic Acidosis:

Back 35

Causes: Chronic renal failure, ketoacidosis, diarrhea

Interventions: correct underlying problem, IV BiCarb, observe for hyperkalemia

Front 36

Causes and treatments of Metabolic Alkalosis:

Back 36

Causes: Vomiting, gastric suction, antacids

Interventions: reverse/tx underlying problem, inc cl- to absorb na+ resulting in excretion of bicarb, observe for hypokalemia

Front 37

Causes and treatments of Respiratory Acidosis:

Back 37

Causes: Cardiac/Resp. Arrest, COPD, Overdose of Seadatives, Barbiturates.

Interventions: improve ventilation!!! (bronchodilators, mechanical ventilation, CPT, hydration).

Administer bicarb-not necessarily, do ventilation first!

Front 38

Causes and treatments of Respiratory Alkalosis:

Back 38

Causes: hyperventilation, aftermath of severe exercise, anxiety

Interventions: eliminate the cause, control pt’s breathing, breathe into a closed system "Paper Bag".

Front 39

The Normal Ratio of BiCarb to Carbonic Acid is..

Back 39

20:1 ratio. 20 bicarb for every carbonic acid.

* If the ratio is disturbed then imbalance will occur and the pH will change

Front 40

With hyperventilation, CO2 is..

Back 40

"Blown Off".

CO2 has the most profound effect on respirations.

Front 41

A major function of the Kidneys is..

Back 41

BiCarb regulation. They also play a vital role in PH regulation.