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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aneurysm |
A permanent localizing stretching and dilation of a vessel Significant because wall can stretch so much the blood does not flow through or can rupture |
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Risk factors for aortic aneurysms |
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS trauma Congenital malformation Syphilis infection Mycotic bacterial infection |
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Most common spot for AAA |
Infarenal |
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What is the significance of an aneurysm located at the renal arteries |
The aneurysm can compromise blood flow to the kidneys |
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What is the sonographer size criteria for an AAA |
Greater then 3 cm is suspicious for aneurysm Greater then 5 cm is surgery is required for AAA |
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Discrive the difference between true and false aneurysm |
True aneurysm are all 3 vessel wall layers are dilated or stretched |
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List the types of true aneurysm |
Fusiform Saccular Berry aneurysm Dissecting aneurysm |
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Fusiform aneurysm |
Most common type Gradual dilation of vascular lumen Resembles a football shape |
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Saccular aneurysm |
Dumbell appearance Sudden transition between normal and abnormal |
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Berry aneurysm |
Small spherical aneurysm mostly seen in the brain |
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Dissecting aneurysm |
A tear in the intima layer Causes flow to go between layers Most common in the toracic and descending aorta |
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How fast do AAA grow? |
Annual growth rate of 1 mm a year |
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What does it mean if the aorta is ectatic |
Indicates that the aorta is failing to taper and it may also be tortous, cam potentially become and aneurysm in the future |
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4 ways to differentiate the aorta from IVC |
Aorta never touches the liver IVC size changes with respiration IVC is collapsible Aorta will taper distally |
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What 2 vessels confluence to form the IVC |
Common iliac veins |
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List the tributaries of the IVC |
Hepatic veins Renal veins Lumbar veins Gonadal veins CIV |
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Describe what the 3 hepatic veins drain |
Right drains the Rt lobe Mid drains mid liver Left drains lt lobe |
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Describe the course of the RRV to the IVC |
RRV originates at hilum of the Rt kidney and courses posterolateral into IVC |
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Where do the gonadal veins drain to |
Rt GV drains into IVC Lt GV drains into LRV then IVC |
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What is the hypogastic vein |
The internal iliac vein |
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Why do the portal veins drain into the liver and not the heart? |
They are responsible for bringing blood containing waste products to the liver to be filtered before going to the heart |
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The IMA drains blood from what structures |
Drain lower colon into the splenic vein |
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The SMA drain blood from what structure |
Drains the small intestine and proximal portion of colon into the portal confluence |
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What 2 vessels form the main portal vein |
SMV AND IMV |
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What is the portal splenic confluence |
Where the splenic vein and SMV join |
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What are the components of the portal triad |
Portal vein, hepatic artery, CBD |
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What do the gastric veins drain |
The right drains stomach into MPV OR SMV left drains esophagus and portions of stomach to portal vein |
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What doe the right portal vein spilt into |
Anterior and posterior branches |
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What does the left portal vein spilt into |
The medial and lateral branches |
