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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ac
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before meals
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ad lib
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as much as needed, as desired
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alt dieb
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alternate days
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alt hor
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alternate hour
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alt noc
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alternate nights
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am
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morning
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a, ante
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before
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bid
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twice a day
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DC, disc
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discontinue
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dos
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Doses
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h
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Hour
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hs
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bedtime, hour of sleep
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noct
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Night
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q h, qh
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every hour
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q m
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every morning
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pc
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after meals
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prn, PRN
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as necessary, whenever necessary
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qd
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every day
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q(2,3,4) h
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Every (2,3,4) hours
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qid, QID
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Four times a day
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qns
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Quantity not sufficient
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rep
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Let it be repeated
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tid, TID
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Three times a day
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What is an Allergy?
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An individual hypersensitivity to a substance, usually an antibody-allergen reaction
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What is an Allergen?
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Any substance that causes allergy
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Most common allergies are due to allergens such as...?
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Pollens, Animal dander's, House dust, House dust mites, Molds, Certain drugs, Insect stings, many foods.
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Other substances that may act as an allergen
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Dyes, Perfumes, Cosmetics, Soaps, Detergents, Tobacco, Feathers, Fabrics, Smoke, Chemicals, Vapors, Games, Fumes, Metals, Latex
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An allergic condition that may manifest itself as:
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Hay fever, Asthma, Eczema, Conjunctivitis, Dermatitis, Urticaria, Food Allergies, Occupational Allergy, Anaphylaxis
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What is Anaphylaxis?
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An allergic hypersensitivity reaction of the body to a foreign substance.
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Symptoms of an allergic condition are:
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Colic, sneezing, wheezing, couch, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dark circles under the eyes, redness of eyes and nose, tearing, noisy breathing, pain in forehead cheeks and teeth, skin rash
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3 Basic types of allergy tests
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1. Scratch (Epicutaneous) or Prick test
2. Patch Test 3. Intradermal Test |
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Scratch (Epicutaneous) or Prick test
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Place a drop of the allergen on the skin and pass a sterile lancet or needle through the drop or scratch the skin and then place a drop of allergen on it.
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Patch Test
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placing the allergen on a gauze and place on patients arm with tape then read at 24 hours and again at 48 hours.
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Intradermal Test
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Injecting of allergen into the dermal layer, should have a wheal
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Treatment methods
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Avoidance, Drug Therapy, and Immunotherapy
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Avoidance
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avoid things that you are allergic to
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Drug Therapy
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Antihistamines, decongestants, corticosteroids, and cromolyn
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Immunotherapy
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allergy injections in the subcutaneous tissue, observe patient 15-30 minutes following injection
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What in an infection?
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Is the process or state whereby a pathogenic agent invades the body or a body part, multiples, and produces injury.
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5 Natural defenses against microorganisms
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1. Intact Skin
2. Cleansing action of body secretions 3. White Blood Cells 4. Body Chemicals 5. Anibodies |
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What are antibiotics used for?
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To treat infectious diseases in plants, animals, and man
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Emergency supplies and medications that should be available when administering any drug to a patient
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Epinephrine/Adrenalin, Benadryl, Steroids, Aminophylline, Vasopressor, Blood Pressure Equipment, Oxygen, IV infusion materials, Oral Airways, Cardiac Support Systems
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What is a Virus?
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Minute organism that may invade normal cells and cause disease. Many viruses are considered to be harmless, yet others are the cause of approximately half of all infectious diseases.
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What is Fungi?
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Plantlike organisms that depends upon a host for their existence.
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What are anti-fungal agents?
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synthetic drugs that destroy or inhibit the growth of fungi/ They are also effective against yeast.
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What is active immunization
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it protects the body against a new infection as the result of antibodies that develop naturally after an initial infection or artificially after a vaccination
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What is Passive Immunization?
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antibodies that are transmitted naturally through the placenta to a fetus, it is not permanent
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