A297 The Cases In Latin

Front 1

NOMINATIVE (2 parts to answer)

Back 1

1. Case for the SUBJECT, i.e. the person/thing doing something

e.g. "BRUTUS killed Caesar"
"Rain was falling"

2. NOUNS following the VERB "TO BE" go into the NOM too.

Because the noun "adds to" the verb rather than being something seperate from it, it has to be in the same case.

e.g. "AUGUSTUS is the EMPEROR"

Front 2

VOCATIVE

Back 2

The case for the names of people who are being addressed directly

e.g. "FIDO, come here", "And now, LADIES and GENTLEMEN"

Front 3

ACCUSATIVE (2 parts to answer)

Back 3

1. Expresses the "direct object" of the verb (i.e. the thing on the receiving end of the action)

e.g. "Brutus killed CAESAR"

2. PREPOSITIONS EXPRESSING MOTION TOWARDS

e.g. "TO the gate".

In such cases, the noun they are inseperable from also goes into the ACC, so GATE in the e.g. above.

Front 4

GENITIVE

Back 4

Denotes possession, equivalent to -'s, -s', or "of" in English.

Front 5

DATIVE

Back 5

Used for the indirect object after the prepositions "to" and "for", to express the person benefitting from the action.

e.g. "I give a book TO HIM"
"I am providing this FOR YOU"

Front 6

ABLATIVE (2 parts)

Back 6

1. It expresses "by" or "with" a thing

e.g. "He hit me WITH a club", "We will be coming BY chariot"

2. PREPOSITIONS expressing the idea FROM/AWAY FROM take the ablative

e.g. "FROM the gate", "OUT OF the town"