A - S1 Diuretics Pharmacology Imsa

Front 1

diuretic used in the management of chronic glaucoma and acute mountain sickness

-also used to alkanize the urine in asa toxicity

Back 1

acetazolamide

Front 2

moa?
acetazolamide

Back 2

inhibit carbonic anhydrase in proximal convoluted tubule

-metabolic acidosis is potential se

Front 3

potassium sparing dieuretic that does not have anti-androgenic effects

Back 3

amiloride and triamterene

Front 4

Na channel blocker at principle cess of collecting duct, may cause hyperkalemic metabolic acidosis

Back 4

amiloride and triamterene

Front 5

cough is a major se of this group of anti-htn drugs

Back 5

ace inhibitors

Front 6

ae effect of ace inhibitors (captopril, enalapril, lisinopril)

Back 6

hyperkalmeia, cough, angioedema and dec renal perfusion

Front 7

when are ace inhibitors (captopril, enalapril, lisinopril) contraindicated?

Back 7

acute renal failure may occur in pt with bilateral renal artery stenosis and tetrogenic

Front 8

inhibit the conversion of ang I to ang II

inhibits break down fo bradykinin, resultign in cough and potent vasodilation

Back 8

ace inhibitors (captopril, enalapril, lisinopril)

Front 9

most potent class of diuretics that inhibit the Na/K/Cl cotransporter in the thick ascending loop of henle

Back 9

loop diuretics - furosemide and butaminde

Front 10

causes bullous pemphigoid - basement membrane zone pattern IgG

Back 10

furosemide - a loop diuretic

Front 11

ae include:
-hypercalemia
-ototoxicity
-hyperuricemia (gout attacks)
-hypokalemia
-metabolic alkalosis due to hypokalemia
-hypotension

Back 11

loop diuretics - furosemide and butamide

Front 12

diuretic that fxn early in the distal convoluted tubule by inhibiting NaCl reabsorption by blocking the Na/Cl symporter

Back 12

hydrochlorothiazide

Front 13

1st line txmt for uncomplicated htn

Back 13

hydrochlorothiazide

Front 14

used to tx DI due to Li

Back 14

hydrochlorothiazide

Front 15

ae include:
-hypokalemia
-alkalosis
-hyperuricemia
-hyperlipidemia
-lupus-like rash

Back 15

hydrochlorothiazide

Front 16

in diabetics can induce hyperglycemia

Back 16

hydrochlorothiazides

Front 17

incr plasma renin activity, not effective if GFR < 30 or 40 ml/min

Back 17

hydrochlorothiazide

Front 18

angiotensin II receptor antagonist used as an antihypertensive drug

Back 18

losartan - arb

Front 19

diuretic that fxn at collecting tubules, causes no cough as se but can cause heptic dysfxn

Back 19

losartan - arb

Front 20

diuretics known to be teratogenic and so contraindicated during pregnancy

Back 20

arb - losartan

acei - captopril, enalapril, lisonopril

Front 21

osmotic dieuretic that works by extracting water from the tissue into the blood

-used in tx of hydfrocephalus and inc intracrnial pressure

Back 21

mannitol

Front 22

diuretic fxn primarily within proximal convoluted tubules and is used to maintain high urine output in cases of severe hemolysis or rhabdomyolysis

Back 22

Mannitol

Front 23

potent vasodilator, used in tx of:
-malignant htn
-hypertensive emergencies
-acute aortic dissection
-cardiac shock from acute MI

Back 23

nitroprusside

Front 24

diuretic that stimulates guanyl cyclase with an inc in cGMP within in the smooth muscle of the vasculature - so dec preload and afterload

-prolong infusion can result in cyanide poisoing due to release of CN and thiocynate toxicity

Back 24

nitroprusside

Front 25

K-sparring diuretic which is an aldosterone antagonist that fxn at the collecting tubules

Back 25

spironolactone

Front 26

moa: inc P450 activity and causes gynecomastia and other antiandrogenic effects

-other ae: impotence, hypercalemia , peptic ulcer, associated inc risk with Br Ca

Back 26

spironolactone

Front 27

diuretic known to improve survival

Back 27

spironolactone

Front 28

diuretic used to tx severe chf and used with acei

Back 28

spironolactone