A & P Summary Of Notes: Introduction

Front 1

ANATOMY

Back 1

STRUCTURE

Front 2

PHYSIOLOGY

Back 2

FUNCTION

Front 3

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

Back 3

BOTH WORK TOGETHER; A NORMAI IN ONE IS A NORMAL IN THE OTHER.
ABNORMAL ANATOMY MEANS DYSFUNTION (PATHOPHYSIOLOGY)

Front 4

HOMEOSTASIS

Back 4

BALANCE; BODY'S INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT REMAINS W/IN CERTAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL LIMITS (NORMAL); CONTROLLED BY NERVOUS & ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Front 5

VITALS

Back 5

REFLECTIONS OF THE BODY'S STATUS

Front 6

TEMPERATURE

Back 6

98.6 F; 37C

Front 7

RESPIRATION

Back 7

12-16 BREATHS/MINUTE

Front 8

BP

Back 8

THE PRESSURE TO PUSH BLOOD THROUGH THE BLOOD VESSELS.
UPPER LIMITS 140/90

Front 9

HR

Back 9

60-100 BPM
NORMAL, APPROX 76

Front 10

PULSES

Back 10

<60 = BRACHYCARDIA
>100=TACHYCARDIA

Front 11

METABOLISM

Back 11

SUM OF ALL THE BODY CHEMICAL PROCESSES.
CATABOLISM + ANABOLISM

Front 12

CATABOLISM

Back 12

BREAK DOWN PROCESS OF LARGER MOLECULES TO SMALLER ONES
(PROT-->AA)

Front 13

ANABOLISM

Back 13

BUILD UP OF THE BODIES STRUCTURAL & FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS
(AA-->PROTEINS)

Front 14

DIFFERENTIATION

Back 14

PROCESS WHEREBY UNSPECIALIZED CELLS BCM SPECIALIZED CELLS. IF MATURE CELL DOES THIS, IT COULD BE CANCER.

Front 15

LOCAL

Back 15

AFFECTS ONE PART OR LIMITHED BODY AREA (REGION)

Front 16

SYSTEMIC

Back 16

WIDESPREAD; AFFECTING MORE THAN ONE REGION AND MORE THAN ONE SYSTEM

Front 17

CRANIAL

Back 17

SKULL/HEAD

Front 18

CEPHALIC

Back 18

HEAD-WARD, TOWARDS THE HEAD

Front 19

VERTEBRAL/VERTEBRAE

Back 19

SPINE

Front 20

CERVICAL SPINE/REGION

Back 20

NECK

Front 21

THORACIC SPINE/REGION

Back 21

DORSAL SPINE, MID SPINE, MIDDLE BACK; WHERE RIBS ARE FROM THE BACK. IF IT IS THORACIC, YOU KNOW IT IS POSTERIOR;

Front 22

THORAX

Back 22

CHEST CAVITY, CHEST WALL, THORACIC WALL, RIB CAGE

Front 23

LUMBAR SPINE/REGION

Back 23

LOWER BACK

Front 24

VENTRAL

Back 24

ANTERIOR (FRONT SIDE)

Front 25

DORSAL

Back 25

POSTERIOR (BACK SIDE)

Front 26

VISCERA

Back 26

ORGANS (INCLUDING THE EYEBALL)

Front 27

PULMONARY/PNEUMO/PLEURA/PLEURAL

Back 27

LUNGS

Front 28

CARDIO/CARDIA

Back 28

HEART, HEART AREA

Front 29

PERICARDIUM

Back 29

AROUND THE HEART

Front 30

MYOCARDIUM

Back 30

HEART MUSCLE

Front 31

ABDOMINAL

Back 31

STOMACH, SMALL & LG INT, LIVER, GALL BLADDER, PANCREAS

Front 32

PELVIC

Back 32

REMAINDER OF LG INT, URINARY BLADDER, & REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

Front 33

ANATOMICAL POSITION

Back 33

RECOG. STD BODY POSITIONING, &, BY WH THE PARTS OF THE BODY ARE RELATED TO, EVEN WHEN THERE IS A CHANGE IN THE OVERALL BODY POSITION...HANDS FORWARD.

Front 34

SUPERIOR

Back 34

ABOVE, HIGHER THAN ANOTHER STRUCTURE

Front 35

INFERIOR

Back 35

BELOW; CLOSER TO THE FEET OR LOWER PART OF THE BODY

Front 36

MEDIAL

Back 36

MOVES TOWARDS THE MIDLINE

Front 37

LATERAL

Back 37

MOVES AWAY FROM THE MIDLINE

Front 38

ANTERIOR

Back 38

IN THE FRONT (STERNUM)

Front 39

POSTERIOR

Back 39

IN THE BACK (SHOULDER BLADES)

Front 40

PROXIMAL

Back 40

NEARER TO PT OF ATTACHMENT

Front 41

DISTAL

Back 41

FARTHER AWAY FROM POINT OF ATTACHMENT

Front 42

IPSILATERAL

Back 42

SAME SIDE OF BODY OR REFERENCE POINT

Front 43

CONTRALATERAL

Back 43

OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE BODY OR REFERENCE POINT

Front 44

AFFERENT

Back 44

GOING TO OR TWDS (AFFERENT ARTERIOLE--GOING INTO KIDNEY, AFFERENT NERVE)

Front 45

EFFERENT

Back 45

GOING AWAY OR GOING FROM

Front 46

FRONTAL/CORONAL

Back 46

DIVIDES VERTICALLY THE BODY ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR PLANES OF BODY (FRONT AND BACK)

Front 47

TRANSVERSE

Back 47

HORIZONTAL PLANE; PERPENDICULAR TO LONG AXIS

Front 48

SAGITTAL

Back 48

VERTICALLY INTO RIGHT AND LEFT PORTIONS

Front 49

MEDIAN (MID SAGGITAL)

Back 49

DIVIDES BODY INTO EQUAL HALVES

Front 50

RUQ

Back 50

LIVER AND GALL BLADDER LOCATED HERE

Front 51

LUQ

Back 51

SPLEEN AND PANCREAS LOCATED HERE

Front 52

RLQ

Back 52

APPENDIX LOCATED HERE

Front 53

LLQ

Back 53

SIGMOID COLON LOCATED HERE

Front 54

UMBILICAL

Back 54

OOO
OXO
OOO

Front 55

RT/LT HYPOCHONDRIAC REGIONS

Back 55

XOX
OOO
OOO

Front 56

RT/LT LATERAL ABDOMINAL REGION

Back 56

OOO
XOX
OOO

Front 57

RT/LT INGUINAL REGION

Back 57

OOO
OOO
XOX

Front 58

EPIGASTRIC

Back 58

OXO
OOO
OOO

Front 59

HYPOGASTRIC

Back 59

OOO
OOO
OXO