A & P Pr 2

Front 1

A collection of closely associated organ systems that perform a specific function is an ________

Back 1

organism

Front 2

A collection of closely associated organs that perform a specific function is an ________ ________.

Back 2

organ system

Front 3

A collection of closely associated tissues that perform a specific function is an ______.

Back 3

organ

Front 4

A collection of closely associated cells that perform a specific function is a _________

Back 4

tissue

Front 5

Metabolism

Back 5

refers collectively to all of the chemical reactions in the body.

Front 6

Metabolism can be divided into two different processes: _________ and __________.

Back 6

catabolism and anabolism.

Front 7

____________ refers to chemical reactions that breakdown complex organic compounds; essentially breaking molecules apart.

Back 7

Catabolism

Front 8

________refers to chemical reactions that combine simple substances into more complex molecules; essentially building larger molecules by joining together smaller ones.

Back 8

Anabolism

Front 9

Multi-cellular organisms grow from one unspecialized cell into many specialized cells through the process of _________ ___________

Back 9

cellular differentiation.

Front 10

Unspecialized or generalized cells are referred to as ______ _______because they can differentiate into many very specialized cells.

Back 10

stem cells

Front 11

negative feedback loop

Back 11

We all know that in reality variables are constantly drifting out of the normal range (body temperature in the summer heat) and in order to maintain homeostasis the body will act to push the variable back towards the set point (sweating  evaporative cooling). As a result, variables are kept within the normal range and healthy conditions are maintained. This is known as negative feedback and the process can be referred to as a negative feedback loop. Figure 1.2 illustrates a negative feedback loop. Another example of a negative feedback loop relates to blood pressure. Receptors in the large vessels near the heart monitor blood pressure. If blood pressure changes these receptors send signals to the portion of the brain responsible for maintaining blood pressure (i.e. the control center). The control center adjusts the heart rate to maintain the appropriate blood pressure. Remember, negative feedback loops maintain homeostasis and are “a good thing.”

Front 12

_______ is an substances that cannot be broken down into more simple forms by ordinary chemical means

Back 12

Element

Front 13

______ _______ is one or two letters of the elements name in English, Latin etc. (H,C,Na)

Back 13

Chem. Symbol

Front 14

_______ are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties and charact. of an element

Back 14

Atoms

Front 15

Atoms two parts are?

Back 15

1. Electron “cloud/shells

2. Nucleus

Front 16

Electrons has what charged?

Back 16

- charged

Front 17

Neutrons has what charged?

Back 17

uncharged

Front 18

Protons has what charged?

Back 18

+ charged

Front 19

_____ is an atom that gives up or gains electrons

Back 19

Ions

Front 20

_________ is the combination of atoms that result when 2 or more atoms share electrons

Back 20

Molecule

Front 21

_________ is a molecule containing atoms of 2 or more elements

Back 21

Compound

Front 22

________ _________ are the forces that bind the atoms of molecules and compounds together, resisting separation

Back 22

Chemical Bonds

Front 23

Three types of chemical bonds are?

Back 23

1) Ionic
2) Covalent
3) Hydrogen

Front 24

Ionic bond

Back 24

Ionic bond: occurs when positively charged and negatively charged ions are attracted to each other

Front 25

Covalent bond

Back 25

Covalent bond: atoms form a molecule by sharing one or more pairs of their outer electrons
*The more pairs shared, the stronger the bond

Front 26

Hydrogen bonds

Back 26

Form when a hydrogen atom with a partial + charge attracts the partial – charge of neighboring electronegative atoms
* Just say “NO”
* Like velcro