A & P Joints

Front 1

Synarthroses

Back 1

Immovable joints

Front 2

Amphiarthroses

Back 2

Joints that allow some motion

Front 3

Diarthroses

Back 3

Freely movable joints

Front 4

Fibrous joints

Back 4

Connected by short connective joints (most are synarthroses)

Front 5

Cartilaginous joints

Back 5

Bones joined by cartilage (most are amphiarthrotic)

Front 6

Synovial joints

Back 6

“True joint cavity” articular ends of two bones are covered with hyaline cartilage that in a cavity lined with synovial membrane

Front 7

6 types of synovial joints

Back 7

1. Ball and socket

2. Hinge

3. Pivot

4. Gliding

5. Saddle

6. Condyloid

Front 8

Ball and socket joint (Synovial)

Back 8

Greatest ROM, held together by ligaments and tendons ie: shoulder & hip

Front 9

Hinge joint (Synovial)

Back 9

Flexion & extension w/small rotation, connected by strong ligaments ie: elbow & knee

Front 10

Pivot joints (Synovial)

Back 10

Rotation ie: (C2) Axis

Front 11

Gliding joint (Synovial)

Back 11

Flexion & Extension, strong ligaments ie: carpals/tarsals

Front 12

Saddle joint (Synovial)

Back 12

Four compass directional movement, ie: fingers & thumb

Front 13

Condyloid joint (Synovial)

Back 13

Full rotations, ie: wrist

Front 14

Synovial membrane

Back 14

Produces synovial fluid

Front 15

Cartilage

Back 15

Cushion between bones

Front 16

Ligaments

Back 16

Connects bone to bone

Front 17

Tendons

Back 17

Connect muscle to bone

Front 18

Extension

Back 18

Straightening (opening a joint)

Front 19

Flexion

Back 19

Bending (closing a joint)

Front 20

Abduction

Back 20

Moving away from midline

Front 21

Adduction

Back 21

Moving towards midline

Front 22

Rotation

Back 22

Turning of a limb or body part

Front 23

Circumduction

Back 23

Ability of a limb to move in circles

Front 24

Plantar flexion

Back 24

Toes down

Front 25

Dorsiflexion

Back 25

Toes up

Front 26

Supination

Back 26

Anatomical position, palms forward

Front 27

Pronation

Back 27

Palms facing backward

Front 28

Epicranius

Back 28

Raises eyebrows

Front 29

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 29

Enables rotation of your neck located on lateral sides

Front 30

Trapezius

Back 30

Mid superior back

Front 31

Pectoralis Major

Back 31

Chest

Front 32

Pectoralis minor

Back 32

Deep to pectoralis major

Front 33

Teres Major

Back 33

Posterior armpit

Front 34

Latissimus Dorsi

Back 34

Lower back

Front 35

Supraspinatus

Back 35

Superior shoulder

Front 36

Deltoid

Back 36

Superior arm proximal to shoulder

Front 37

Infraspinatus

Back 37

Posterior superior shoulder

Front 38

Teres Minor

Back 38

Posterior armpit deep to teres major

Front 39

Orbicularis Oculi

Back 39

Surrounds eye

Front 40

Bicep Brachii

Back 40

Superior arm proximal to shoulder

Front 41

Brachialis

Back 41

Superior arm proximal to elbow

Front 42

Tricep Brachii

Back 42

Posterior arm proximal to shoulder

Front 43

Transverse Abdominis

Back 43

Surrounds abdominal cavity

Front 44

External abdominal oblique

Back 44

Lateral sides superior

Front 45

Internal abdominal oblique

Back 45

Lateral sides inferior

Front 46

Linea Alba

Back 46

Runs down the middle of your abdomen

Front 47

Tendinous intersections

Back 47

Lines in a six pack

Front 48

Gluteus Maximus

Back 48

Posterior glute

Front 49

Gluteus Minimus

Back 49

Posterior glute deep

Front 50

Orbicularis Oris

Back 50

Surrounds your mouth

Front 51

Gluteus Medius

Back 51

Posterior glute lateral

Front 52

Adductor Brevis

Back 52

Posterior medial thigh, squeezes knee

Front 53

Adductor Longus

Back 53

Middle medial thigh, kicks ball

Front 54

Adductor Magnus

Back 54

Lowest medial thigh, across body

Front 55

Gracilis

Back 55

Medial side of thigh, Crosses legs

Front 56

Bicep femoris

Back 56

Highest posterior thigh, composed of long and short

Front 57

Semimembranous

Back 57

Middle posterior thigh

Front 58

Semitendinosus

Back 58

Lower posterior thigh

Front 59

Sartorius

Back 59

Diagonal posterior thigh

Front 60

Gastrocnemius

Back 60

Calf

Front 61

Buccinator

Back 61

Dimple area on face, allows us to blow air

Front 62

Soleus

Back 62

Deep calf

Front 63

Rectus Femoris

Back 63

Anterior thigh

Front 64

Vastsus intermedius

Back 64

Deep anterior thigh

Front 65

Vastus lateralis

Back 65

Anterior outer thigh

Front 66

Vastus medialis

Back 66

Anterior medial thigh

Front 67

Achilles’ tendon

Back 67

End of calf

Front 68

Calcaneus

Back 68

Heel bone

Front 69

Tibialis Anterior

Back 69

Shin, dorsiflexion

Front 70

Flexor digitorum Longus

Back 70

Posterior calf, forms toes into ball

Front 71

Volcranon Joint

Back 71

Elbow

Front 72

Zygomaticus major

Back 72

Runs diagonal across cheek bones

Front 73

Acetabulum

Back 73

Joint space of hip where femur connects

Front 74

Aponeuroses

Back 74

Covers muscles with white fiber

Front 75

Epimysium

Back 75

Surrounds entire muscle

Front 76

Perimysium

Back 76

Surrounds fascicles

Front 77

Endomysium

Back 77

Surrounds muscle fibers

Front 78

Sarcomere

Back 78

Contractile unite of muscle

Front 79

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Back 79

Releases Ca2+

Front 80

Concentric

Back 80

Shortening (flexing)

Front 81

Eccentric

Back 81

Lengthening (negatives)

Front 82

Isometric

Back 82

Holding

Front 83

Platysma

Back 83

Neck muscles

Front 84

Origin

Back 84

Immovable end

Front 85

Insertion

Back 85

Movable end

Front 86

Masseter

Back 86

Lateral sides of jaw, enables chewing

Front 87

Temporalis

Back 87

Temples, assists with chewing

Front 88

Medial pterygoid

Back 88

Deep to masseter, enables chewing

Front 89

Lateral pterygoid

Back 89

Deep to zygomatic arch, enables chewing