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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ventral Cav.
2 major subdivisions |
Thoracic
Abdominopelvic |
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Thoracic Cav.
3 subdivisions |
Pleural - lungs
mediastinum - inc. peri, esoph, trachea, etc. pericardial - heart |
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NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
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DOUBLE LAYER WITH PORES WHICH ALLOW MATERIAL TO ENTER FROM THE CYTOPLASM, OR EXIT FROM NUCLEOUS
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NUCLEOLI
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IN NUCLEUS - GRANDULARS OF PROTEIN, DNA, RNA
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PROPHASE (EARLY)
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MITOSIS - CELL DIV. STARTS. EARLY - NUC. INTACT.
MICROTUBULES EXTEND FROM THE CENTRIOLES TO FORM EARLY MITOTIC SPINDLES. CENTRIOLES START TO SEP. FROM EACH OTHER. CHROMATIN COIL AND CONDENSE - FORM CHROMOSOMES NUCLEOLI DISAPPEARS (STARTS) |
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PROPHASE (LATE)
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CHUNKS OF NUC. BROKEN APART BY ASTERS.
SPINDLE TAKES OVER CENTER SPINDLES CAUSE "TUG OF WAR" - DRAWS CHROMOSOMES TO MIDDLE. |
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METAPHASE
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2ND ACTIVE PHASE
THE CHROMOSOMES CLUSTER IN THE MIDDLE |
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ANAPHASE
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3RD ACTIVE - REALLY 4TH
CENTOMERES OF CHROMOSOMES SPLIT EACH CHROMOTID NOW BECOMES CHROMOSOME OF ITS OWN. CHROMOSOMES ARE PULLED TOWARD POLES. CELL ELONGATES AND CHROMO. LOOK "V" SHAPED |
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TELEPHASE
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LAST - PULLING APART - GETTING 'CLEAVAGE' WHICH EVENTUALLY SQUEEZES CELLS APART
NUC. STARTS FORMING ON BOTH SIDES. CHROMO UNCOIL AND BECOME CHROMATIN MITOSIS ENDS: CYTOKINESIS COMPLETES THE DIVISION INTO 2 DAUGHTER CELLS |
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tRNA
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TRANSFER RNA - TRANSFERS AMINO ACIDS TO THE RIBOSOME
tRNA BINDS WITH SPECIFIC AMINO ACIDS (ACTIVATED BY ATP) THEN MIGRATES TO RIBO., THEN MOVES A.A. TO PROPER POSITION AS SPECIFIED BY CODONS ON mRNA STRAND |
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PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN CELL MEMBRANE
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LOLLIPOP SHAPED EACH HAS:
POLAR HEAD - HYDROPHILIC NON POLAR TAIL - HYDROPHOBIC - MADE OF 2 FATTY ACID CHAINS |
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FIVE JOBS OF PROTEIN
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MEMBRANE CHANNELS
CARRIER MOLECULES RECEPTOR MOLECULES (INTERCELLULAR COMMUN) ENZYMES (LYSOSOMES, PEROXYSOMES) STRUCTUAL SUPPORTS - FIB.CART, COLLAGEN |
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FUNCTIONS OF A CELL
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BASIC UNIT OF LIFE
PROTECTION AND SUPPORT MOVEMENT COMMUNICATION CELL METABOLISM AND ENERGY RELEASE (ATP) |
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WHAT IS A CELL MEMBRANE MADE OF?
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PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND PROTEIN
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PHOSPHOLIPIDS - DEF AND FUNCTION
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MODIFIED LIPID - CONTAINS PHOSPHEROUS
CHIEF COMPONENT OF CELL MEMB. MAY PARTIC IN TRANS OF LIPIDS IN PLASMA IN NERVOUS TISSUE IS THE LIPID BILAYER (ALONG WITH SMALLER AMTS OF CHOL AND GLYCOLIPIDS |
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DNA
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IN NUCLEUS
IS THE GENETIC MATERIAL DIRECTS PROT SYN; REPLICATES ITSELF BEFORE CELL DIVISION SUGAR - DEOXYRIBOSE BASES - A-T ADENINE-THYMINE C-G CYTOSINE-GUANINE DOUBLE STRAND COILED/DBL HELIX |
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RNA
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LOCATED CHIEFLY OUTSIDE NUC. CARRIES OUT ORDERS FOR PROTEIN SYS ISSUED BY DNA
SINGLE STRAND - STRAIGHT OR FOLDED C-G CYTOSINE-GUANINE A-U ADENINE-URACIL SUGAR - RIBOSE |
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TISSUE - 4 TYPES
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EPITHELIUM
MUSCLE CONNECTIVE NERVOUS |
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LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION
SMALL - LARGEST |
CHEM LEVEL - ATOMS, MOLECULES, ORGENELLES
CELLULAR LEVEL TISSUE LEVEL ORGAN LEVEL ORG. SYSTEM ORGANISMAL SYSTEM - HIGHEST |
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MITOCHONDRIA
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SPHERICAL - ROD SHAPED WITH A DOUBLE MEMB. CRISTAE INSIDE
THE ENERGY SOURCE OF THE CELL - POWERHOUSE MATERNAL DNA FROM MOTHER SITE OF ATP SYNTHESIS |
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PEROXISOMES
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MICROBODIES - PRODUCE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE INSIDE THE CELL
BREAKDOWN FAT INSIDE CELL (DETOX - IMPORTANT FOR LIVER) |
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CENTROMES
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NEAR NUC. USUALLY PAIRED
HELPS SEPARATE MATERIAL AS IT DIVIDES |
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MICROTUBULES
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TUBES MADE OF PROTEIN. IMPORTANT TO SHAPE OF CELL; INVOLVED IN INTRACELLULAR
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GOLGI BODY
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SAC LIKE ORGANELLE NEAR NUC.
PRODUCES LYSOSOMES. PACKAGES EXPORT FROM THE CELL |
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LYSOSOMES
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SPHERICAL ORGANELLES CONTAINING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
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MICROFILAMENTS
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MADE OF PROTEIN
INVOLVED IN MOVEMENT LIKE STRING |
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VACUOLES
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SUCK WASTE PRODUCTS FROM STRUCTURE FROM METABOLISM IN THE CYTOPLASM
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SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
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STRAW LIKE - TRANSPORTS FROM EXTRACELLULAR TO INTR.
SITE OF LIPID AND STEROID SYSNTHESIS LOCATED BY CELL MEMBRANE |
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ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
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LOOKS ROUGH BECAUSE OF RIBOSOMES (WHERE PROT. IS PRODUCES)
BY NUCLEUS ESSEN. FOR PROT. SYNTHESIS |
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NUCLEOLUS
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ORGANELLE WITHIN THE NUCLEUS WHERE RIBOSOMAL RNA IS PRODUCED
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RIBOSOMES
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WHERE PROTEIN IS PRODUCES BY NUCLEUS ON ROUGH, TINY
FLOATING IN CYTO OR ON ROUGH ER |
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NUCLEUS
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SPHERICAL BODY
USUALLY DARKLY STAINED AREA CONTROLLING FUNCTION OF THE CELL BY PROTEIN PRODUCTION AND CHROMOSOMES. DICTATES AMTS. OF PROT. TO BE SYN IN RESPONSE TO SIGNALS ACTING ON THE CELL |
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NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
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DBL MEMBRANE
PORES SEPARATES NUCLEOPLASM FROM CYTOPLASM OUTER MEMBRANE CONTINUOUS WITH ROUGH ER |
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CHROMOTIN
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IN NUCLEOPLASM
LOOSELY COILED DNA, GENES - CARRY THE HEREDITY FACTORS |
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DNA MOLECULE MAKE UP
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BASE (B)
SUGAR (S) PHOSPHATE (P) |
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CHROMOSOMES
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IN NUCLEOPLASM
BARLIKE BODIES OF TIGHTLY COILED CHROMATIN; VISIBLE DURING CELL DIV, WHEN CHROMATIN THREADS COIL AND CONDENSE AND FORM THE SHORT BARLIKE BODIES. 23 PAIRS = 46 TOTAL |
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INTERPHASE
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ORGANELLES ARE BUSY GROWING & CELL IS GETTING BIG
THE TOTAL PERIOD FROM CELL FORMATION UNTIL CELL DIVISION CARRYING OUT ALL OF ITS LIFE SUSTAINING REACTIONS AND PREPARING FOR THE NEXT CELL DIVISION |
