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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 types of tissues
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Epithelial, Connective, Muscular & Nervous
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Epithelial Tissue
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used in lining & covering, densely packed cells, avascular (no blood cells, no nerves).
Must be connected to connective tissue! |
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Connective Tissue
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holds body areas together, widly scattered celss in extra cellular matrix, has blood & nerves. storage
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Apical
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next to the opening,
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Extra cellular matrix
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water based ground substance produces by extra cellular matrix.
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Ground substances may be
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liquid to gel to solid; depending on connective tissue
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Collagen
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protien fibers, common, flexible tough material,
tendons & ligiments. |
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Elastin
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elastic fibers, elastic stretch and return, think rubber band.
walls of big arteries |
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Reticular (branched collagen)
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thinner version of collagen fibers, is structural form in tissue.
Strong not elastic |
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Blast
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young active cell
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Connective Tissue Types
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Fibroblasts; Macrophange & Mast
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Mast Cell
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responsible for allergic cells; derives from white blood cells
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Macrophange
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cleanup, remove & consume bacteria & etc. (pac man)
derived from white blood cells |
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Fibroblasts
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generic connective tissue, produces extracellular matrix
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Areolar
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lose & squshy connective tissue
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Adipose Tissue
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storing fat
droplets called adiposecytes= insulator & withstanding pressure |
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Dense lose connective tissue contains
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blood and nerves
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Cartilage
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connective tissue, avascular, cells within called chondrocytes (contains collagen, elastic fibers)
ground semi-solid gel |
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Lacana
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a hole where cell lives
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Osseous
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bone tissues, connective, extra cellular matrix = solid
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Blood
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connective, extra cellular matrix = liquid
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Body Cavaties
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thin lining of connective tissue
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Serous Membrane
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lining of abdominal cavity
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Synorial membrane
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cap over joints
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Cilia
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keep particles moving, flow or sway
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Types of Epithelial Tissue
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simple, stratified, squamous, cubodial, columnar,
other types: pseudostratified columnar & transitional |
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Transitional Epithelial
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multiple layers, change,
urinary bladder |
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Pseudostratified Culmnar
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not many layers, column shape
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Simple Cubodial
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one layer, cube shape
glands & ducts sweat glands |
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stratified squamous
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more than one layer, flat cells,
cheek |
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Columnar Cells
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long & skinny cells
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Squamous
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flat
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simple
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one layer
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Basilar Surface
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end of cell touching basement membrane or basilar surface
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Apical Surface
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opposite end of cell from basal end, lines open space
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Basement Membrane
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sticky protien fibers, comprised of both epithelial & connective tissue
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Cell Junction Types
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Gap, Tight & Desmosomes
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Gap Junction
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open spaces (gaps) connect adjacent cells, fast chemical signaling
cardiac muscle |
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Tight Junction
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Glue holds together, no space, prevent leakage
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Desmosomes Junction
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velcrow; protien filaments sticking out
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Cell Junction
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place where two cells very close possible touch
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Integumentary System
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skin, hair, nails, glands, blood vessels & nerves
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Skin
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prevents dehydration, temperature control, sensory input, vitamin D, protection from external environment
cutaneous membrane, layer of epithelial tissue connected to connective tissue |
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Superficial Layer
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layer on outside, epidermis, epithelial tissue.
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Deep Layer
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dermis, below epidermis, connective tissue
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Hypodermis
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(subcutaneous) areolar lose connective tissue & andipose,
between skin & muscle or bones |
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Epidermis
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epithelial tissue, avascular, stratified squamous,
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Stratum Basale
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actively divided cells, one layer of cubodial cells, melonocytes =produce melatanin (pigment)
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Stratum Spinosum
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spiney cells, not actively dividing, cell may be alive
desmosome junctions 8-10 layers |
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Stratum Grandulosum
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grandulars w/i cell, cell dying, producing keratin
3-5 layers |
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Keratin
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tough waterproof protien
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Stratum Lucidum
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light or clear layer, palms & soles only (no hair) cells similar to grandulosum
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Stratum Corneum
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horny layer, superficial, flat, dead cells, top layers flake off,
25-30 layers |
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Dermis
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connective tissue; two regions 1. papillary 2. reticular
most cells fibroblasts (young) |
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Papillary (dermis)
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1/5 areolar tissue with elastic fibers, finger like ridges, attaches to epidermis
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Reticular (dermis)
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4/5 dense irregular connective tissue, collagen fibers, random directions, flexable, not srtong
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Accesory Structures
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hair, nails, glands
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Hair
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dead, kerativized cells, protective of head, insulates & absorbs ultra violent light radation
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Hair Shaft
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hair above the epidermis
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Hair Root
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below skin
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Hair follicle
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extension of epidermis, hair grows out of, feeds the hair follicle
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bottom of hair follicle w/ small indentation of dermis
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Papilla of the hair
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bottom of follicle where live dividing cells
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hair matrix
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Hair color?
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melanocytes in hair matrix
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Eye brows & eye lashes
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protect eyes from dust, sweat & micro organisms
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Body Hair
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nerve endings @ bulb, detect charges, movements b4 reach skin= hair root plexus
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Glands
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w/i skin, catagory of exocrine=secretes into duct
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Gland Catagory
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Sebaceous, sweat, pheromone & cerumimous
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Sebaceous gland
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@ to hair follical
secrete: lipid, protien |
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Sweat glands
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eccrine- active whole life, cooling agent
secrete sweat apocrine-active at puberty, most abundant at groin & axillary secrete oily substance |
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Pheromone
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molecule secreted by one organism that affects the behavior of another
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Ceruminous gland
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in ear canal, external auditory canal
produces cerumen (eat wax) |
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Nails
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grow out modified fold in epidermis, called nail matrix
new cell move away from matrix produce keratin & die off; no color |
