A & P 1 Test 7

Front 1

is prevented by the extensor retinacula of the foot Fascia - Deep to subcutaneous tissue, Connects “skin” to bone, Forms compartments, Provides tight fitting sleeve of support for upright posture

Back 1

Bowstringing

Front 2

Deep to subcutaneous tissue, Connects “skin” to bone, Forms compartments, Provides tight fitting sleeve of support for upright posture

Back 2

Fascia

Front 3

the aponeurosis of the tensor fascia lata plus the gluteus maximus muscles , most lateral structure of the thigh

Back 3

iliotibial tract

Front 4

- band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine.

Back 4

inguinal ligament

Front 5

Communication between lumbar plexus and sacral plexus

Back 5

lumbosacral trunk

Front 6

surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx. The perineum is the region of the body inferior to the pelvic diaphragm and between the legs

Back 6

perineum

Front 7

Generally regarded as such; supposed.

Back 7

putative

Front 8

A band or bandlike structure that holds an organ or a part in place.

Back 8

retinaculum (retinacula

Front 9

an oval opening in the superomedial part of the fascia lata that transmits the great saphenous vein and other smaller vessels

Back 9

saphenous hiatus

Front 10

Incompetent venous valves can cause veins to become dilated and tortuous, a condition called varicose veins, or varices

Back 10

varicose vein(s)

Front 11

Frequently, and especially in the extremities, veins closely accompany arteries, tend to be double or multiple

Back 11

venae comitantes

Front 12

What are the functions of fascia of the lower limb?

Back 12

Deep to subcutaneous tissue Connects “skin” to bone Forms compartments Provides tight fitting sleeve of support for upright posture

Front 13

What is the superior attachment of the fascia lata?

Back 13

Inguinal ligament

Front 14

Where is the crural fascia continuous with the periosteum of the leg?

Back 14

anterior and medial borders of the tibia, where it is continuous with its periosteum

Front 15

Name the general portion of the body supplied by Lumbar plexus

Back 15

supplies anterolateral abdominal wall, external genitalia, part of lower limbs

Front 16

Name the general portion of the body supplied by Sacral plexus

Back 16

supplies buttocks, perineum, lower limbs

Front 17

Name the general portion of the body supplied by Coccygeal plexus

Back 17

supplies small area of skin in the coccygeal region (plexus not discussed in this course)

Front 18

State the general region supplied by the anterior tibial artery

Back 18

anterior compartment of the leg

Front 19

State the general region supplied by the internal iliac artery

Back 19

iliopsoas

Front 20

State the general region supplied by the lateral plantar artery

Back 20

lateral arch of the foot

Front 21

State the general region supplied by the medial plantar artery

Back 21

medial arch of the foot

Front 22

State the general region supplied by the posterior tibial artery

Back 22

deep posterior compartment of the leg

Front 23

What nerve accompanies the anterior tibial artery

Back 23

deep fibular nerve

Front 24

What nerve accompanies the deep fibular nerve

Back 24

anterior tibial artery

Front 25

What nerve accompanies the femoral artery

Back 25

femoral nerve, femoral vein

Front 26

What nerve accompanies the femoral vein

Back 26

femoral artery, femoral nerve

Front 27

What nerve accompanies the saphenous nerve

Back 27

great saphenous vein

Front 28

What nerve accompanies the small saphenous vein

Back 28

sural nerve

Front 29

What nerve accompanies the sural nerve

Back 29

small saphenous vein

Front 30

Name the nerve that may be damaged with injury to each of the following:

Back 30

- anterior superior iliac spine – lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (lateral cutaneous femoral nerve
- head of the fibula – common fibular nerve

Front 31

Compare the density (or number) of valves in deep veins of the lower limb with that of superficial veins

Back 31

Deep veins – more dense Superficial veins – less dense

Front 32

Why are superficial veins of the lower limb more prone to varices than are deep veins?

Back 32

deeper veins are not as vulnerable due to the surrounding skeletal muscles

Front 33

What is the effect on the diameter of superficial veins due to the shunting action of blood from superficial veins to deep veins?

Back 33

(normally, veins become larger closer to the heart since they receive more blood on their way to the heart), because blood is shunted from superficial veins to deep veins

Front 34

```````````OSTEOLOGY

Back 34

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Front 35

articular surface of pelvis that articulates with the head of femur to make up the hip joint

Back 35

Acetabulum

Front 36

a winglike part, process, or expansion of a bone

Back 36

Ala

Front 37

an abnormality of the hip in which the angle between the top of the femur and the femoral shaft is larger than normal

Back 37

coxa valga

Front 38

The portion of the bony pelvis superior to the pelvic brim

Back 38

false pelvis

Front 39

extends between tibia and fibula and separates the anterior from the posterior compartment

Back 39

interosseous membrane

Front 40

the circumference of the pelvic opening

Back 40

pelvic brim

Front 41

another name for pelvic brim

Back 41

pelvic inlet

Front 42

the angle that is created under the pubic symphasis between the ischial rami

Back 42

pubic arch

Front 43

Hip bones unite anteriorly at a joint

Back 43

pubic symphysis

Front 44

either of two knobs at the top of the femur serve as muscle attachments

Back 44

trochanter

Front 45

The portion of the bony pelvis inferior to the pelvic brim

Back 45

true pelvis

Front 46

What are the bones that comprise the os coxae?

Back 46

ilium
ischium
pubis

Front 47

Name the muscle(s)associated with Anterior gluteal line of the os coxae

Back 47

gluteus medius

Front 48

Name the muscle(s)associated with anterior inferior iliac spine of the os coxae

Back 48

rectus femoris

Front 49

Name the muscle(s)associated with anterior superior iliac spine of the os coxae

Back 49

Tensor fascia latae
Sartorius

Front 50

Name the muscle(s)associated with iliac fossa of the os coxae

Back 50

iliacus

Front 51

Name the muscle(s)associated with the inferior gluteal line of the os coxae

Back 51

gluteus minimus

Front 52

Name the muscle(s)associated with the ischial spine of the os coxae

Back 52

superior gemellus

Front 53

Name the muscle(s)associated with the ischial tuberosity of the os coxae

Back 53

- Inferior gemellus
- Quadratus femoris
--Hamstrings group: semimembranosus
semitendinosus
biceps femoris-long head

Front 54

Name the muscle(s)associated with the obturator foramen of the os coxae

Back 54

obturator internus
obturator externus

Front 55

Name the muscle(s)associated with the posterior gluteal line of the os coxae

Back 55

gluteus maximus

Front 56

What feature of the coxal bone do skin dimples mark the position of?

Back 56

posterior superior iliac spines

Front 57

Compare the pelves of males and females regarding the angle of the pubic arch (pubic angle)

Back 57

Female Pubic arch > 90°
Male Pubic arch < 90°

Front 58

Compare the pelves of males and females regarding the shape and size of the pelvic brim

Back 58

Pelvic brim (inlet) larger and more oval in female

Front 59

Compare the pelves of males and females regarding the depth of the false pelvis

Back 59

False pelvis shallow in female, deep in male

Front 60

Compare the pelves of males and females regarding the orientation and size of the acetabulum

Back 60

smaller and faces anteriorly in female, laterally in male

Front 61

Compare the pelves of males and females regarding the orientation and size of the acetabulum

Back 61

smaller and faces anteriorly in female, laterally in male

Front 62

Compare the pelves of males and females regarding the width of the greater sciatic notch

Back 62

Greater sciatic notch wide in female

Front 63

Compare the pelves of males and females regarding the width of the pelvic outlet

Back 63

wider in female

Front 64

Name the muscle(s) that attaches to the greater trochanter of the femur:

Back 64

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Piriformis
Obturator internus

Front 65

Name the muscle(s) that attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur:

Back 65

---Common tendon of
Psoas major
Iliacus

Front 66

Name the muscle(s) that attaches to the tibial tuberosity

Back 66

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

Front 67

Name the muscle(s) that attaches to the quadrate tubercle of the femur:

Back 67

quadrates femoris

Front 68

````````````````````HIP

Back 68

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Front 69

fibrocartilage lip that increases the depth of the acetabulum, and grasps the femoral head beyond its equator

Back 69

acetabular labrum

Front 70

one of the strongest ligaments in the body, Y-shaped, AKA Ligament of Bigelow

Back 70

iliofemoral ligament

Front 71

another name for the iliofemoral ligament

Back 71

Y” ligament of Bigelow

Front 72

What is the true articular surface of the hip?
What type of cartilage lines the articular surface?

Back 72

- Lunate surface is the true articular surface
- lined with hyaline cartilage

Front 73

Where is the acetabular labrum located

Back 73

follows the bony rim of the cup-shaped acetabulum

Front 74

What is the acetabular labrum Composed of

Back 74

Fibrocartilage

Front 75

What is the Function of the acetabular labrum

Back 75

deepens the acetabular fossa, and helps stabilize the head of the femur in the acetabulum

Front 76

What is the function of the transverse acetabular ligament?

Back 76

Provides a bridge over the acetabular notch,
creating a foramen through which nutrient
vessels can enter the joint

Front 77

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the gluteus maximus

Back 77

Origin: iliac crest and sacrum
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity (lateral part of linea aspera under greater trochanter of femur) and iliotibial band
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve

Front 78

State the action and arterial
supply of the gluteus maximus

Back 78

Arterial Supply: inferior gluteal artery
Action: extends thigh at hip joint, laterally rotates thigh

Front 79

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the gluteus medius

Back 79

Origin: ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Front 80

State the action and arterial
supply of the gluteus medius

Back 80

Action: entire muscle abducts thigh at hip, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate thigh, posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate thigh
Arterial Supply: superior gluteal artery

Front 81

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the gluteus minimus

Back 81

Origin: ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Front 82

State the action and arterial supply of the gluteus minimus

Back 82

Action: entire muscle abducts thigh at hip, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate thigh, posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate thigh
Arterial Supply: superior gluteal artery

Front 83

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the Iliacus

Back 83

Origin: iliac fossa, sacrum
Insertion: lesser trochanter
of femur
Innervation: femoral nerve

Front 84

State the action and arterial supply of the Iliacus

Back 84

Action: flexion of hip
Arterial Supply:

Front 85

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the inferior gemellu

Back 85

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus 

Front 86

State the action and arterial supply of the inferior gemellu

Back 86

Action: rotates the thigh laterally; also helps abduct the thigh
Arterial Supply: inferior gluteal artery

Front 87

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the Piriformis

Back 87

Origin: sacrum
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: piriformis nerve (AKA nerve to piriformis)

Front 88

State the action and arterial supply of the Piriformis

Back 88

Action: laterally rotates and abducts thigh at the hip joint
Arterial Supply: superior and inferior gluteal arteries

Front 89

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the obturator internus

Back 89

Origin: inner (posterior) surface of membrane covering obturator foramen
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: nerve to the obturator internus and superior gemellus

Front 90

State the action and arterial supply of the obturator internus

Back 90

Action: rotates the thigh laterally; also helps abduct the thigh
Arterial Supply: superior and inferior gluteal arteries

Front 91

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the psoas major

Back 91

Origin: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Innervation: lumbar spinal nerves

Front 92

State the action and arterial supply of the psoas major

Back 92

Action: flexion of hip, flexion of vertebral column

Front 93

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the quadratus femoris

Back 93

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
Innervation: nerve to the quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus

Front 94

State the action and arterial supply of the quadratus femoris

Back 94

Action: rotates the hip laterally
Arterial Supply: inferior gluteal artery

Front 95

State the origin, insertion and the innervation of the superior gemellus

Back 95

Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Innervation: nerve to the obturator internus and superior gemellus

Front 96

State the action and arterial supply of the superior gemellus

Back 96

Action: rotates the thigh laterally; also helps abduct the thigh
Arterial Supply: inferior gluteal artery

Front 97

List the muscles that are “short lateral rotators” of the gluteal region

Back 97

Piriformis
Gemelli muscles
Quadratus femoris
Obturator internus
Obturator externus

Front 98

What is the normal relationship between the piriformis muscle and the sciatic nerve?

Back 98

The sciatic nerve exists the pelvic cavity below the piriformis

Front 99

Equate the inner and outer surfaces of the obturator membrane regarding which is anterior and which is posterior

Back 99

Inner – posterior
Outer - anterior

Front 100

Lower limb plexuses consist of roots and divisions (anterior and posterior) [but no trunks, cords, or branches as found in brachial plexus]

Back 100

division

Front 101

causes compression and irritation of the sciatic nerve in the buttock, and is a cause of buttock pain and sciatica outside the spine.

Back 101

piriformis syndrome

Front 102

a network of nerves

Back 102

Plexus

Front 103

Lower limb plexuses consist of roots and divisions (anterior and posterior) [but no trunks, cords, or branches as found in brachial plexus]

Back 103

root of Plexus

Front 104

When the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus are inactive due to superior gluteal nerve injury, their supporting and steadying action is lost. The pelvis falls on the side of the raised limb.

Back 104

Trendelenburg sign

Front 105

What nerves of the lumbar plexus that are derived from the anterior division

Back 105

Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal
Genitofemoral
Obturator

Front 106

What nerves of the lumbar plexus that are derived from the posterior division

Back 106

lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, femoral

Front 107

State the muscle group innervated by the motor component and the cutaneous region of the femoral nerve

Back 107

Motor – Flexor muscles of thigh, Extensor muscles of leg

Cutaneous – Skin over anterior
and medial aspect of thigh, and medial side of leg and foot

Front 108

State the muscle group innervated by the motor component and the cutaneous region of the genitofemoral nerve

Back 108

Motor – Cremaster muscle

Cutaneous – Skin over middle anterior surface of thigh, scrotum in male, labia majora in female

Front 109

State the muscle group innervated by the motor component and the cutaneous region of the iliohypogastric

Back 109

Motor – Muscles of the
anterolateral abdominal wall

Cutaneous – Skin of inferior
abdomen and buttock

Front 110

State the muscle group innervated by the motor component and the cutaneous region of the ilioinguinal nerve

Back 110

Motor – Muscles of the
anterolateral abdominal wall

Cutaneous – Skin of superior
medial aspect of thigh

Front 111

State the muscle group innervated by the motor component and the cutaneous region of the obturator nerve

Back 111

Motor – adductor muscles of leg

Cutaneous – Skin over medial aspect of thigh

Front 112

list of nerves of the lumbar plexus that are exclusively motor, exclusively
sensory or combination of both

Back 112

Exclusively motor – none Exclusively sensory – Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh Combination – all of them except the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Front 113

What are the nerves of the sacral plexus that are derived from the anterior division

Back 113

- tibial
- Femoris and inf. Gemellus
- obturator I & sup gemellus,
- Post cutaneous ----- thigh
- perforating cutaneous
- pudendal
- anococcygeal
- coccygeal

Front 114

What are the nerves of the sacral plexus that are derived from the posterior division

Back 114

- Common fibular
- nerve to piriformis
- inferior gluteal
- superior gluteal