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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tissues
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groups of cells that possess similar structures, shapes, and functions
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Epithelial Tissue
Shape |
Shape: rectangular or circular
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Epithelial Tissue
Functions |
Functions: protection, secretion, absorption
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Epithelial Tissue
Locations |
Locations: skin, linings of body cavities, arteries, veins, and other tubular structures
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Muscle Tissue
Shape |
Shape: long and narrow
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Muscle Tissue
Functions |
Functions: Contract
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Muscle Tissue
Locations |
Locations: heart (cardiac), attached to skeleton (skeletal), lining various organs= smooth
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Nervous Tissue
Shape |
Shape: highly irregular
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Nervous Tissue
Functions |
Functions: conduction of information
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Nervous Tissue
Locations |
Locations: Throughout the body, e.g. brain, spinal cord, neurons
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Connective Tissue
Shape |
Shape: variety
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Connective Tissue
Function |
Function: basically to "connect" various parts of the body
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Connective Tissue
Locations |
Locations: bone (bone cells), cartilage (cartilage cells), blood (blood cells), supporting cells throughout the body
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Organs
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large groups of cells consisting of 1 or more tissues organized into a unit which carry out a specific function
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Systems
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composed of several organs which have a common function or functions
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Homeostasis
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"maintenance of the internal environment"
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Osteoblasts
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form bone matrix and synthesize collagen
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Osteocytes
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mature bones cells
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Osteoclasts
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responsible for the resorption of bone
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Vitamins
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complex organic compounds not synthesized for the most part by human cells; most function as coenzymes and participate in ATP yielding but by themselves are worthless
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Nervous System
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most comprehensive and versatile system in body; influences all portions of body except epidermis of skin and cartilage; if it malfunctions it can lead to serious problems in other body systems
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
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includes brain and spinal cord, mid-line of body
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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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includes the neurons of the periphery of the body; have their origin in the CNS and their branches reach to the periphery
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Neuron
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nerve cell, functional unit of nervous system
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Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
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consists of the neurons associated with smooth and cardiac muscle and certain glands; may be included under PNS
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Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
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consists of neurons associated with skeletal muscle; may be included under PNS
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Neurolemma
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term usually referring to the plasma membrane of the Schwann call surrounding an unmyelinated axon or the outermost layer of the plasma membrane of the Schwann cell in myelinated axon
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Schwann Cell
aka |
Neurolemmocytes
aka |
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Epineurium
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connective tissue surrounding a large bundle of axons in a nerve
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Perineurium
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connective tissue surrounding small groups of axons within a nerve
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Endoneurium
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connective tissue surrounding each axon in a nerve
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Neuroglia
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unique to CNS
role: degeneration and regeneration, "support" and/or nourishing role for CNS neurons, may be inplicated in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's |
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Astrocytes
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star-shaped cells; largest and most numerous of neuroglia; participates in brain development and the metabolism of neurotransmitters, helps form blood-brain barrier, helps maintain the proper balance of K+, for generagtion of nerve impulses, and provides a link between neurons and blood vessels
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Oligodendrocytes
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supports neurons and produces a myelin sheath around axons of neurons of the CNS
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Microglia
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phagocytic cells, clean up debris, damaged neurons, drived from monocytes
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Ependymal
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line ventricles in brain
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