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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy?
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sarcoidosis
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Gram stain
-pink? -blue? |
pink = gram negative
blue = gram positive |
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portal vs hepatic vein?
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portal vein - blood TO the liver
hepatic vein - blood FROM the liver TO heart (IVC) |
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muddy brown casts?
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acute tubular necrosis
proximal tubules most likely in ischemic causes |
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what is the normal ppO2 in the alveoli?
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104 mmHg
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eosinophils in urine?
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interstitial nephritis
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what are the types of necrosis? Charactersitics? Examples?
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Coagulative necrosis:
-MC variant -relative preservation of cell outlines -most exogenous injuries (recluse spider) are coagulative -Organ ischemia classic example -cell cytoplasm --> eosinophilic (due to prtn denaturation), nucleu shrinks, chromatin clumping (pyknosis), fragmentation (karyorrhexis) and lysis Liquefactive necrosis -in the CNS, sites of ischemic stroke -fragmentation & phagocytized by macrophages, forming cystic cavity Fat necrosis -acute pancreatitis -saponification when FA combines w/Calcium Caseous necrosis -w/TB -"cheesy" appearance -consits of fragmented cells & acellular material |
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how to tx …
High LDL high TG low HDL |
high LDL
-diet & exercise -statin -ezetimibe (inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol) high TG -diet & exercise -fibrate (gemfibrozil) -niacin low HDL -diet & exercise -niacin |
