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259 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an NP?
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Nurse Practitioner
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What is an RN, BSN, or MSN?
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Registered Nurse
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What is an LPN or LVN?
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A licensed practical/vocational nurse
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What is a CNA?
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Certified Nurse Aide
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adip/o
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fat
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albin/o
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white
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bi/o
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life
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cry/o
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cold
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cutane/o
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skin
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cyan/o
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blue
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derm/o
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skin
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diaphor/o
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profuse sweating
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dermat/o
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skin
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hidr/o
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sweat
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ichthy/o
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scaly, dry
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kerat/o
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hard, horny
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leuk/o
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white
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lip/o
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fat
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melan/o
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black
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myc/o
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fungus
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necr/o
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death
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onych/o
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nail
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pachy/o
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thick
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pil/o
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hair
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py/o
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pus
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rhytid/o
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wrinkle
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scler/o
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hard
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seb/o
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oil
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trich/o
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hair
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ungu/o
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nail
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xanth/o
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yellow
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xer/o
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dry
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Suffix -derma
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skin
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Suffix -opsy
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view of
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Suffix -plakia
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a plate
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Suffix -tome
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instrument used to cut
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What is the largest organ in the body?
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-the skin
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Another name for the dermis?
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What is corium?
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What is a macule lesion?
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-Flat, nonpalpable change in skin color
-smaller than 1 cm, with a circumscribed border -ES: freckles, measles, and petechiae |
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What is a papule lesion?
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-Elevated, solid, palpable mass with circumscribed border
-smaller than 0.5cm -elevated moles, warts |
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What is a nodule?
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-elevated, solid, hard or soft palpable mass extending deeper intot he dermis than a papule
-circumscribed borders and are 0.5-2cm -small lipoma, squamous cell carcinoma, fibroma, and intradermal |
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What is a vescicle?
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-Elevated, fluid-filled, round or oval shaped palpable mass
-thin, translucent walls, and circumscribed borders -smaller than 0.5cm -herpes simplex/zoster, early chicken pox, poison Ivy, and small burn blisters |
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What is a wheal?
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-Elevated, often reddish area with irregular border cuased by diffuse fluid in tissues rather than free fluid in a cavity, as in vescicles
-size varies -insect bites and hives |
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What is a pustule?
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-elevated, pus-filled vesicle or bulla with circumscribed border
-size varies -acne, impetigo, and carbuncles (large boils) |
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What is a cyst?
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-elevated, encapsulated, fluid-filled or semisolid mass originating in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis
-1 cm or larger -sebaceous cysts and epidermoid cysts |
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What is an ulcer?
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-Deep, irregularly shaped area of skin loss extending tinto the dermis or subutaneous tissue
-may bleed -may leave scar -decubitus ulcers (pressure sores), stasis ulcers, chancres |
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What is a fissure?
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-linear crack with sharp edges, extending into the dermis
-cracks at the corners of the mouth or in the hands, athlete's foot |
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What is a cicatrix?
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-Flat, irregular area of connective tissue left after a lesion or wound has healed
-new scars may be red or purple; older scars may be silvery or white -healed surgical wound or injury, healed acne |
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What is a keloid?
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-elevated, irregular, darkened area of excess scar tissue caused by excessive collagen formation during healing
-extends beyond the site of the original injusry -higher incidence in people of African descent -keloid from ear piercing, surgery, or burn |
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What is an abrasion?
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-a scraping away of the skin surface by friction
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What is an abscess?
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A collection of pus in the skin
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What is albino?
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-A genetic condition in which the person is unable to make melanin.
-Characterized by white hair and skin, and red pupils due to the lack of pigment |
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What is a comedo?
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a collection of hardened sebum in hair follicle (blackhead)
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What is a contusion?
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-injury caused by a blow to the body; causes swelling, pain, and bruising
-the skin is not broken |
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What is cyanosis?
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-bluish tinge to the skin caused by deoxygenated blood
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What is a decubitus?
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-open sore cuased by pressure over bony prominences cutting off the blood flow to the overlying skin
-can appear in bedridden patients who lie in one position too long and can be difficult to heal (bedsore or pressure sore) |
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What is depigmentation?
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loss of normal skin color or pigment
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Who is a dermatologist?
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-physician who specializes in the treatment of diseases and conditions of the integumentary system
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What is dermatology?
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-the study of diseases and condition of the integumentary system
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What is diaphoresis?
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profuse sweating
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What is ecchymosis?
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-skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin following blunt trauma to the skin (a bruise)
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What is erythema?
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redness or flushing of the skin
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What is frostbite?
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-freezing or the effect of freezing on a part of teh body
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What is a hemangioma?
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-benign tumor of dilated blood vessels
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What is hirsutism?
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-excessive hair growth over the body
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What is hyperemia?
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-redness of the skin due to increased blood flow
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What is hyperpigmentation?
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-abnormal amount of pigmentation in the skin
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What is keratosis?
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-a skin condition with an overgrowth and thickening of the epidermis
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What is the typical name for men that are balding?
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-male pattern baldness
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What is a nevus?
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-pigmented congenital skin blemish, birthmark, or mole. Usually benign bu may become cancerous
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What is pediculosis?
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-infestation with lice
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with is petechiae?
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-pinpoint purple or red spots from minute hemorrhages under the skin
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what is photosensitivity?
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condition in which the skin reacts obnormally when exposed to light, such as they UV rays of sun
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What is a polyp?
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-small tumor with a pedicle or stem attachment.
-commonly found in mucous membranes such as the nasal cavity |
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What is sever itching known as?
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-pruritis
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What is a purpura?
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-hemorrhages into the skin due to fragile blood vessels
-commonly seen in elderly people |
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What is purulent?
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-containing or producing pus
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What are scabies?
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-contagious skin disease caused by an egg-laying mite that burrows through the skin and causes redness and intense itching; often seen in children
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What is suppurative?
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-containing or producing pus
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what is urticaria?
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-also called hives; a skin eruption of pale reddish wheals with severe itching
-usually associated with food allergy, stress, or drug reactions |
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What is verruca?
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-commonly called warts; a benign growth caused by a virus
-has rough surface that is removed by chemicals and or laser therapy |
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What is vitiligo?
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-disappearance of pigment from the skin in patches, causing a milk-white appearance (leukoderma)
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What is acne?
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-inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles that results in papules and pustules
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What is acne rosacea?
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-form of acne seen in adults, especially on the nose and cheeks
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What is acne vulgaris?
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-common form of acne seen in teenagers
-characterized by comedo, papules, and pustules |
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What is a basal cell carcinoma?
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-cancerous tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
-frequent type of skin cancer that rarely metastasizes or spreads -can arise on sun-exposed skin |
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How do you determine the extent of a burn?
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-The Rule of Nines
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What is a first degree burn?
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-damage to the epidermis layer of the skin
-characterized by hyperemia, but no blisters or scars |
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What is a second degree burn?
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-damage extends through the epidermis and into the dermis, causing vesicles to form
-scarring may occur (aka: partial thickness burn) |
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What is a third degree burn?
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-damage to full thickness of skin and into underlying tissues
-infection is a major concern and fluid loss can be life threatening -grafts are usually required and scarring will occur (aka: full thickness burn) |
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What is a carbuncle?
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-furuncle involving several hair follicles
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What is cellulitis?
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-a diffuse, acute infection and inflammation of the skin
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What is dry gangrene?
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-late stages of gangrene characterized by the affected area becoming black and leathery
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What is eczema?
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-superficial dermatitis of unknown cause accompanied by papules, vesicles, and crusting
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What is a furuncle?
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-bacterial infection of a hair follicle
-characterized by redness, pain, and swelling (boil) |
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What is gangrene?
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-tissue necrosis usually due to deficient blood supply
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What is ichthyosis?
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-condition in which the skin becomes dry, scaly, and keratinized
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What is impetigo?
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-a bacterial infection of the skin with pustules that rupture and become crusted over
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What is Kaposi's Sarcoma?
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-Form of skin cancer frequently seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
-consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from the skin and metastasize to internal organs -named for Moritz Kaposi, and Austrian dermatologist |
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What is leukoplakia?
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-change in mucous membrane that results in thick, white plate-like patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue and cheek
-considered precancerous, it is associated with smoking |
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What is malignant melanoma?
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-dangerous form of skin cnacer cuased by an uncontrolled growth of melanocytes\-may quickly metastasize or spread to internal organs
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What is onychia?
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-infected nail bed
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What is paronychia?
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-infection around a nail
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What is pemphigus vulgaris?
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-skin condition in which blisters form in the skin and mucous membranes
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What is psoriasis?
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-chronic inflammatory condition consisting of crusty papules forming patches with circular borders
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What is rubella?
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-contagious viral skin infection (German measles)
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What is a sebaceous cyst?
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-Sac under the skin filled with sebum or oil from a sebaceous gland. This can grow to a large size and may need to be excised
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What are shingles?
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-eruption of vesicles along a nerve path, causing a rash and pain
-caused by same virus as chicken pox |
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What is a squamous cell carcinoma?
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-epidermal cancer that may go into deeper tissue but does not generally metastasize
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What is systemic lupus erythematosus?
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Chronic disease of teh connective tissue that injures the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membranes
-may produce a characteristic butterfly rash across the cheeks and nose |
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What is tinea
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-fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions
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What is tinea capitis?
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-fungal infection of the scalp (ringworm)
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What is tinea pedis?
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-fungal infection of the foot (athletes foot)
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What is varicella?
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-contagious viral skin infection (chicken pox)
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What is wet gangrene?
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-area of gangrene becoming infected by pus-producing bacteria
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What is a culture and sensitivity (C&S)?
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-a laboratory test that grows a colony of bacteria removed from an infected area in order to identify the specific infecting bacteria and then determine its sensitivity to a variety of antibiotics
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What is exfoliative cytology?
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-scraping cells from tissue and then examining them under a microscope
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What is a skin test?
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-test to determine the patient's reaction to a suspected allergen by injecting a small amount under the skin with a needle
-the reaction is read to indicate any allergy -EX: tuberculin test, Mantoux test, patch test, and Schick test |
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What is a sweat test?
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-test performed on sweat to determine the level of chloride.
-an increase is seen with the disease cystic fibrosis |
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What is an adipectomy?
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-surgical removal of fat
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What is an allograft?
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-skin graft from one person to another; donor is usually a cadaver
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What is an autograft?
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-skin graft from a person's own body
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What is cauterization?
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-destruction of tissue with a caustic chemical, electric current, freezing, or hot iron
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What is chemabrasion?
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-abrasion using chemicals (chemical peel)
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What is cryosurgery?
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-the use of extreme cold to freeze and destroy tissue
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What is curettage?
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-removal of superficial skin lesions with a curette or scraper
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What is dermabrasion?
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-abrasion or rubbing using wire brushes or sandpaper
-used to remove acne scars, tatoos, and scar tissue |
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What is dermatome?
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-instrument for cutting the skin or thin transplants of skin
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What is dermatoplasty?
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-skin grafting; transplantation of skin
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What is electrocautery?
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-to destroy tissue with an electric current
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What is a heterograft?
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-skin graft from an animal of another species (usually a pig) to a human (xenograft)
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What is incision and drainage (I&D)?
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-making an incision to create an opening for the drainage of material such as pus
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What is laser therapy?
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-removeal of skin lesions and birthmarks using a laser beam that emits intense heat and power at a close range
-the laser converts frequencies of light into one small, powerful beam |
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What is liposuction?
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-removal of fat beneath the skin by means of suction
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What is plication?
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-taking tucks surgically in a structure to shorten it
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What is rhytidectomy?
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-surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles (face lift)
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What is a xenograft?
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-skin graft from an animal of another species to a human (heterograft)
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What are anesthetics?
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-applied to skin to deaden pain
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What are antibiotics?
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-used to kill bacteria causing skin infections
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What are antifungals?
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-used to kill fungi infecting the skin
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What are antiseptics?
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-used to kill bacteria in skin cuts and wounds or at a surgical site
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What is corticosteroid cream?
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-a specific type of powerful anti-inflammatory cream
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BCC
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Basal cell carcinoma
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BX, Bx
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Biopsy
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C&S
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Culture and sensitivity
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decub
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decubitus ulcer
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Derm, derm
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dermatology
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FS
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Frozen section
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I&D
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incision and drainage
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ID
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intradermal
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MM
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malignant melanoma
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SCC
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squamous cell carcinoma
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SG
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Skin graft
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SLE
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systemic lupus erythematosus
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ST
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skin test
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STSG
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split-thickness skin graft
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subcu, SC, sc, subq
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subcutaneous
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ung
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ointment
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UV
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ultraviolet
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aer/o
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air
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bucc/o
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cheek
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chem/o
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drug
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cutane/o
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skin
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derm/o
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skin
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lingu/o
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tongue
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muscul/o
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muscle
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or/o
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mouth
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pharmac/o
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drug
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rect/o
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rectum
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toxic/o
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poison
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vagin/o
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vagina
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ven/o
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vein
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Prefix intra-
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within
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Prefix sub-
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under
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Prefix trans-
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across
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What is intrathecal?
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-giving an injection into the meningeal space surrounding the brain and spinal cord
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What is addiction?
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-acquired dependence on a drug
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What is an additive?
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-the sum of the action of two (or more) drugs given
-total strength of drugs |
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What is an antidote?
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-substance that will neutralize poisons or their side effects
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What is a broad spectrum?
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-ability of a drug to be effective against a wide range of microorganisms
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What is a contraindication?
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-a condition in which a particular drug should not be used
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What is the cumulative action?
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-action that occurs in the body when a drug is allowed to accumulate or stay in the body
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What is habituation?
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-development of an emotional dependence on a drug due to repeated use
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What is iatrogenic?
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-usually an unfavorable response that results from taking a medication
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What is idosyncrasy?
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-unusual or abnormal response to a drug or food
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What is potentiation?
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-giving a patient a second drug to boost the effect of another
-total strength is greater than individuals |
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What is a prophylaxis?
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-prevention of disease
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What is a side effect?
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-response to a drug other than the effect desired (adverse reaction)
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What is tolerance?
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-development of a capacity for withstanding a large amount of a substance, such as foods, drugs, or poison, without any adverse effect
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What is toxicity?
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-extent or degree to which a substance is poisonous
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What is a unit dose?
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-drug dosage system that provides prepackaged, prelabeled, individual medications that are ready for immediate use by the patient
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What does the symbol a (with a line over it) mean?
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-before
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ac
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before meals
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AD
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right ear
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ante
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before
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APAP
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acetaminophen (tylenol)
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aq
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aqueous, water
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ASA
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aspirin
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C
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100
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c (with a line over it)
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with
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cap(s)
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capsules
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cc
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cubic centimeter
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d
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day
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d/c, DISC
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discontinue
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DEA
|
Drug enforcement Agency
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dil
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dilute
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dr
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dram
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dtd
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give as such dose
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Dx
|
diagnosis
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et
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and
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FDA
|
Federal Drug Administration
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fl
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fluid
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gr
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grain
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gt
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drop
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gtt
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drops
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hs
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at bedtime
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I with a line over it
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one
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ID
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intradermal
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II with a line over it
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two
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III with a line over it
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three
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IU
|
international unit
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mEq
|
milliequivalent
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noc
|
night
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non rep
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do not repeat
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NS
|
normal saline
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od
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overdose
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p with a line over it
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after meals
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PCA
|
patient-controlled administration
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PDR
|
Physician's Desk Reference
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per
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with
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PO
|
phone order
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po
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by mouth
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pt
|
patient
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q
|
every
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qam
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every morning
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qd
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once a day/every day
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qh
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every hour
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qhs
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at bedtime
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qid
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four times a day
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qod
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every other day
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qs
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quantity sufficient
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Rx
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take
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s with a line over it
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without
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SC
|
subcutaneous
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Sig
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label as follows/directions
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sl
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under the tongue
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sol
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solution
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ss with a line over it
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one-half
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stat
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at once/immediately
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susp
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suspension
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syr
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syrup
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tinc, tr
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tincture
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TO
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telephone order
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top
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apply topically
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u
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unit
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ung
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ointment
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VO
|
verbal order
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x
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times
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OD
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right eye
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