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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a nutrient? Classify nutrients |
A chemical that is needed by the body to keep it in good health is called a nutrient. Nutrients are divided into five groups: •Carbohydrates •Proteins •Minerals • Fats •Vitamins |
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What are carbohydrates? Give examples. |
Carbohydrates are a group of nutrients made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. They contain a large amount of energy that can be released quickly inside the body. Example: Cellulose, Glucose, Maltose |
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What are the uses of fats? |
Uses: •Formation of cell membranes •Fats store energy •In mammals, the fat forms a layer under the skin which acts as an insulator in cool conditions
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What are vitamins? |
Vitamins are substances made by plants and animals that are essential components of the diet to keep the body in good health |
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What happens in the body if too much fat, carbohydrate or protein is eaten? |
The body becomes overweight (or even obese) and the urea content of the urine increases. |
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Why do people become thin if too they do not eat enough high energy food? |
The energy stored in fat in the body is used up. In extreme circumstances, the energy in the protein in the muscles is used up. |
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What are the symptoms of beriberi? |
The nerves fail to work properly and the muscles become weak. |
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What carbohydrate cannot be digested by human and how does it help the digested system? |
Cellulose cannot be digested but it gives food a solid property that the muscles of the gut can push on which helps the digestive system. It also prevents constipation. |
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In a patient suffering from rickets, why do the leg bones bend more than the arm bones? |
The legs have a greater mass (body's mass) pushing down on them. |
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Which food does a vegetarian eat more of and why? |
Lentils, peanuts, cheese, and eggs to provide extra protein. *(A vegan would not eat cheese or eggs) |
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A seal is a mammal. How could it survive in the cold polar seas when a human would die in a few minutes? |
It has a thick layer of fat under its skin which keeps it warm. |
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Which food provides all the nutrients? |
Milk |
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Why might you expect milk to contain so many nutrients? |
Young mammals are fed exclusively on milk after they are born so it must provide a wide range if nutrients for their early growth. |
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What are fats? |
Food substances there provide energy are called fats. They are made of carbon and hydrogen linked together with few oxygen atoms and belong to a group of substances called lipids which includes oils and waxes. |
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Mention the sources, effects and diseases produced by any two vitamins. |
Vitamin C
•Sources: Orange, Lemon •Effect on body: Protects gums and circulatory system •Diseases: Scurvy
Vitamin D •Sources: Egg yolk, butter, cod - liver oil•Effect on body: Protects teeth and bones•Diseases: Rickets •Sources: Egg yolk, butter, cod - liver oil•Effect on body: Protects teeth and bones•Diseases: Rickets •Effect on body: Protects teeth and bones •Diseases: Rickets
*Note: The diseases are caused by the lack of these vitamins. |
