A Beka Physical Science Chapter 13

Front 1

the study of the nature, behavior, and uses of static electricity and related phenomena

Back 1

electrostatics

Front 2

Greek philosopher, mathematician and astronomer who observed that amber, when rubbed, attracts straw

Back 2

Thales of Miletus

Front 3

British scientist who discovered that many materials attract things after being rubbed as amber does

Back 3

William Gilbert

Front 4

American scientist who discovered that static electricity exists in two forms and that lightning is caused by static electricity

Back 4

Benjamin Franklin

Front 5

invisible fluids supposedly released by electrics

Back 5

effluvia

Front 6

a property possessed by subatomic particles that allows them to attract and repel other particles

Back 6

electric charge

Front 7

electric charge possessed by a proton

Back 7

positive

Front 8

electric charge possessed by an electron

Back 8

negative

Front 9

the interactions between electrons and other charged particles

Back 9

electricity

Front 10

an atom or object with an equal number of positive and electric charges

Back 10

neutral

Front 11

what happens when equal opposite charges come into contact

Back 11

they neutralize each other

Front 12

the simplest form of electricity, stationary on an object's surface

Back 12

static electricity

Front 13

what charges two objects have if they have been charged through friction

Back 13

one is positive and the other negative

Front 14

the region around a charged object in which the forces of attraction and repulsion are operating

Back 14

electric field

Front 15

lines that show the direction and strength of an electric field

Back 15

lines of force

Front 16

SI unit of electric charge

Back 16

coulomb

Front 17

law that says that opposite charges attract and like charges repel

Back 17

law of electric charges

Front 18

name for what the lines of force look like when two plates of opposite charge are near each other

Back 18

uniform field

Front 19

description of a uniform field

Back 19

even lines between the two plates, direction from positive to negative

Front 20

law that says the strength of the attraction or repulsion between 2 objects is directly related to the strength of the charges and inversely related to the distance between them

Back 20

law of electric force

Front 21

discovered the law of electric force

Back 21

Charles de Coulomb

Front 22

formula for law of electric force

Back 22

Front 23

transferring of electric charge through direct contact

Back 23

conduction

Front 24

charge produced by conduction

Back 24

same charge as the source's (positive is the source's charge was positive, negative if its was negative)

Front 25

law that says the total charge after conduction or induction is the same before and after

Back 25

law of conservation of charge

Front 26

the process of diverting unwanted electric charge directly into the earth

Back 26

grounding

Front 27

occurs when an object with a negative charge suddenly releases electricity to another object with a positive or weaker negative charge

Back 27

electrostatic discharge

Front 28

transferring of electric charge over a distance without direct contact

Back 28

induction

Front 29

charge produced by induction

Back 29

two charges—charge opposite the source's on the end nearest the source, and charge the same as the source's on the furthest end

Front 30

how to produce a permanent charge through induction

Back 30

induction plus grounding

Front 31

atom or group of atoms with an electric charge

Back 31

ion

Front 32

negative ion

Back 32

anion

Front 33

positive ion

Back 33

cation

Front 34

flow of charge from one place to the next

Back 34

current

Front 35

ionized gas

Back 35

plasma

Front 36

liquids that readily conduct electricity because they contain freely moving ions

Back 36

electrolytes and electrolytic solutions

Front 37

oppositely charged wires placed in an electrolyte, causing a circular current

Back 37

electrochemical cell

Front 38

device that detects small electric charges

Back 38

electroscope

Front 39

device that produces static electricity

Back 39

electrostatic generator

Front 40

built the first electrostatic generator

Back 40

Otto von Guericke

Front 41

glowing caused by static electricity

Back 41

electroluminescence

Front 42

most commonly used electrostatic generator today

Back 42

Van de Graaff generator

Front 43

where electric charge always goes

Back 43

the outside of a charged object

Front 44

where a charged object has the most concentrated charge

Back 44

on sharp curves or at corners and points

Front 45

initial stream of electrons from cloud to ground in a thunderstorm

Back 45

stepped leader

Front 46

second stream of electrons from ground to cloud

Back 46

positive streamer

Front 47

upward flow of positive charged produced when the stepped leader and positive streamer meet in the air

Back 47

return stroke

Front 48

second leader which can form and cause a second return stroke

Back 48

dart leader

Front 49

which part is seen as lightning

Back 49

return stroke

Front 50

device that protects buildings from lightning by diverting electricity into the ground

Back 50

lightning rod

Front 51

eerie bluish glow that may appear around pointed objects during storms

Back 51

St. Elmo's fire

Front 52

the scientific name for what causes St. Elmo's fire

Back 52

corona discharge

Front 53

discovered that electric charges can be stored

Back 53

Pieter van Musschenbroek

Front 54

early device used to store electric charge

Back 54

Leyden jar

Front 55

any device used to store a static electric charge (of which the Leyden jar was one)

Back 55

capacitor

Front 56

purpose of a capacitor

Back 56

to release all their charge at once, producing a short, intense burst of electricity

Front 57

an electrostatic method of reproducing images on paper

Back 57

xerography

Front 58

dry powdered ink in a photocopier

Back 58

toner

Front 59

uses friction with the air to attract dust particles

Back 59

electrostatic air filter