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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomists divide the bones of the upper limbs, or extremities, into the following main groups:
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• Hand
• Forearm • Arm • Shoulder girdle |
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The hand consists of how many bones?
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27
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the hand bones are subdivided into what groups?
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Phalanges
Metacarpals Carpals |
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Phalanges
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bones of the digits
(fingers and thumb) |
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Metacarpals
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bones of the palm
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Carpals
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bones of the wrist
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First digit
Second digit Third digit Fourth digit Fifth digit |
(thumb)
(index finger) (middle finger) (ring finger) (small finger) |
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the numbers start at the thumb or (same as thumb)
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the lateral side of the hand
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They are long bones consisting of a body and two articular ends, the head distally and the base proximally.
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Metacarpals
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contains two small sesamoid bones on its palmar aspect below the neck
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The first metacarpal
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, commonly known as the knuckles, are visible on the dorsal hand in flexion. The metacarpals are also numbered 1 to 5, beginning from the lateral side of the hand.
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The metacarpal heads
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___which are cylindric in shape and slightly concave anteriorly, form the ____
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Five metacarpals
the palm of the hand |
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DIP
PIP IP |
Distal interphalangeal joint
Proximal interphalangeal joint interphalangeal joint |
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has eight carpal bones, which are fitted closely together and arranged in two horizontal rows
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wrist
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are classified as short bones, composed of largely Cancellous tissue with an outer layer of compact bony tissue.
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carpols
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compact bone and spongy
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cancellous bone
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Beginning the proximal row of carpals on the lateral side, the ______, the largest bone in the proximal carpal row, has a tubercle on the anterior and lateral aspect for muscle attachment and is palpable near the base of the thumb.
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scaphoid
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The______ articulates with the radius proximally and is easy to recognize because of its crescent shape.
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lunate
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The _______ is roughly pyramidal and articulates anteriorly with the _____
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triquetrum
hamate |
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The _____ is a pea-shaped bone situated anterior to the triquetrum and is easily palpated.
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pisiform
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Sally Left The Party To Take Cathy Home
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Carpal Bones mnemonic
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Beginning the distal row of carpals on the lateral side, the _______ has a tubercle and groove on the anterior surface.
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trapezium
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The _____ has a smaller surface anteriorly than posteriorly.
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trapezoid
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The ________ articulates with the base of the third metacarpal and is the largest and most centrally located carpal.
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capitate
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The wedge-shaped _______ exhibits the prominent hook of hamate, which is located on the anterior surface.
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hamate
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The_____ and the form the medial margin of the carpal groove.
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hamate
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is concave from side to side and forms ______
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The anterior or palmar surface of the wrist
the carpal sulcus |
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results from compression of the median nerve inside the carpal tunnel.
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Carpal tunnel syndrome
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The anatomical snuffbox
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is an important clinical region.
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Snuffbox
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scaphoid frax
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When the hand is in ulnar deviation,_____ becomes palpable within the snuffbox. This position enables the physician to palpate the bone to assess for a fracture. The ____ of the radial artery can also be felt in the snuffbox.
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the scaphoid
pulse |
