A And P

Front 1

Supine

Back 1

Lying down Face Upward

Front 2

Prone

Back 2

Lying down Face downward

Front 3

Superior

Back 3

Up

Front 4

Inferior

Back 4

Down

Front 5

Anterior

Back 5

Forward

Front 6

Posterior

Back 6

Back

Front 7

Cephalic

Back 7

Towards the head

Front 8

Caudual

Back 8

Towards the tail

Front 9

Ventral

Back 9

Belly

Front 10

Dorsal

Back 10

Back

Front 11

Proximal

Back 11

Nearest to the structure (in refrence to the trunk]

Front 12

Distal

Back 12

Distant from the structure ( the trunk)

Front 13

Medial

Back 13

Towards the midline (vertical midline splitting the body) ex:nose

Front 14

Lateral

Back 14

Away from the midline (vertical line splitting the body) ex: eyes

Front 15

Superficial

Back 15

Structure close to the surface of the body ex: skin is superficial to muscle and bone

Front 16

Deep

Back 16

Towards the interior of the body

Front 17

Central Region

Back 17

(Consists of head neck and trunk)

Front 18

Trunk

Back 18

Consists of Thorax (chest) abdomen and pelvis

Front 19

Upper Limb

Back 19

Arm, forearm, wrist, hand

Front 20

Arm parameters

Back 20

Shoulder to Elbow

Front 21

Forearm

Back 21

Elbow to Wrist

Front 22

Thigh Parameters

Back 22

Hip to Knee

Front 23

Leg parameters

Back 23

Knee to Ankle

Front 24

Frontal

Back 24

Forehead

Front 25

Otic

Back 25

Ear

Front 26

Buccal

Back 26

Cheek

Front 27

Mental

Back 27

Chin

Front 28

Clavivular

Back 28

Collarbone

Front 29

Axillary

Back 29

Armpit

Front 30

Brachial

Back 30

Arm

Front 31

Antecubital

Back 31

Front of elbow

Front 32

Antebrachial

Back 32

Forearm

Front 33

Carpal

Back 33

Wrist

Front 34

Palmar

Back 34

Palm

Front 35

Digital

Back 35

Fingers

Front 36

Coxal

Back 36

Hip

Front 37

Patellar

Back 37

Kneecap

Front 38

Crural

Back 38

Leg

Front 39

Talus

Back 39

Ankle

Front 40

Crural

Back 40

Leg

Front 41

Talus

Back 41

Ankle

Front 42

Dorsum

Back 42

Top of foot

Front 43

Digital

Back 43

Toes

Front 44

Thoracic

Back 44

Thorax

Front 45

Thorax paramaters

Back 45

Pectoral, sternal, mammary

Front 46

Pectoral

Back 46

Chest

Front 47

Sternal

Back 47

Breast bone

Front 48

Mammary

Back 48

Breast

Front 49

Inguinal

Back 49

Groin

Front 50

Occipital

Back 50

Base of skull

Front 51

Cranial

Back 51

Skull

Front 52

Nuchal

Back 52

Back of neck

Front 53

Scapular

Back 53

Shoulder blade

Front 54

Vertebral

Back 54

Spinal column

Front 55

Lumbar

Back 55

Loin (base of back)

Front 56

Dorsal

Back 56

Back

Front 57

Dorsal parameters

Back 57

Scapular, vertebral and lumbar

Front 58

Sacral

Back 58

Between hips

Front 59

Gluteal

Back 59

Buttock

Front 60

Perineal

Back 60

Perineum (look up defe)

Front 61

Cranial

Back 61

Skull

Front 62

Acromial

Back 62

Point of shoulder

Front 63

Olecranon

Back 63

Point of elbow

Front 64

Dorsum

Back 64

Back of hand

Front 65

Popliteal

Back 65

Hollow behind knee

Front 66

Sural

Back 66

Calf

Front 67

Plantar

Back 67

Sole

Front 68

Calcaneal

Back 68

Heel

Front 69

Right hypochondriac region

Back 69

Right top

Front 70

Right lumbar region

Back 70

Right middle

Front 71

Right iliac region

Back 71

Right bottom

Front 72

Epigastric region

Back 72

Middle top

Front 73

Umbilical region

Back 73

Middle middle

Front 74

Hypogastric region

Back 74

Middle bottom

Front 75

Left hypochondriac region

Back 75

Left top

Front 76

Left lumbar region

Back 76

Left middle

Front 77

Left iliac region

Back 77

Left bottom

Front 78

Sagittal plane

Back 78

Vertical line that separates the left and right side of the body

Front 79

Transverse plane

Back 79

Horizontal plane that separates superior and inferior portions of the body.

Front 80

Frontal or coronal plane

Back 80

Vertical pane dividing anterior and posterior portions of the body

Front 81

Parietal peritoneum

Back 81

Outside surrounding serous membrane of abdominopelvic cavity

Front 82

Visceral peritoneum

Back 82

Inside surrounding serous membrane of abdominopelvic cavity

Front 83

Peritoneal cavity and what it contains

Back 83

Peritoneal fluid

Hint 83

My tummy is talking

Front 84

Retroperitoneal organs

Back 84

Kidneys adrenal glands pancreas parts of the intestine and the urinary bladder

Hint 84

Behind the times behind the organ

Front 85

What are Retroperitoneal organs

Back 85

Organs that are more closely attached to the body wall and do not have mesenteries.

Front 86

Mesenteries

Back 86

Anchor organs to body wall and provide pathway for nerves and blood vessels to reach the organs.

Front 87

What are mesenteries made of

Back 87

Two layers of peritoneum fused together, connecting the visceral peritoneum of some abdominopelvic organs to the parietal peritoneum on the body wall or the visceral peritoneum of other abdominopelvic organs.

Front 88

Peritonitis

Back 88

Inflammation of the peritoneum

Front 89

Pleurisy

Back 89

Inflammation of the pleura

Front 90

Pericarditis

Back 90

Inflammation of the pericardium

Front 91

Parietal peritoneum

Back 91

Lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity and the inferior surface of the diaphragm

Front 92

Peritoneal cavity

Back 92

Serous membrane-lined cavity found in the abdominopelvic cavity

Front 93

Pleural cavity

Back 93

Surrounds each lung

Front 94

Thoracic cavity

Back 94

Consists of three serous membrane lined cavities. A pericardial cavity and two pleural cavities.

Front 95

Pericardium cavity

Back 95

Surrounds the heart

Front 96

Serous membrane

Back 96

Line the trunk cavities and cover the organs within these cavities

Front 97

Parietal serous membrane

Back 97

Line the outside of the cavity

Front 98

Visceral serous membrane

Back 98

Line the inside of the cavity

Front 99

Pelvic cavity

Back 99

Enclosed by the pelvic bones containing urinary bladder part of the large intestine and the internal reproductive organs.

Front 100

Two lungs

Back 100

On each side of the mediastinum

Front 101

Mediastinum

Back 101

Contains the heart the thymus the trachea esophagus and other structures such as blood vessels and nerves.

Hint 101

In the middle

Front 102

Frontal or coronal plane

Back 102

Vertical pane that divides the anterior and posterior portions of the body

Front 103

Transverse or horizontal plane

Back 103

Horizontal pane that divides inferior and superior portions of the body

Front 104

Sagittal plane

Back 104

Vertical pane that divides left and right of the body

Front 105

Left hypochondriac region

Back 105

Top left subdivision of abdomen

Front 106

Left lumbar region

Back 106

Middle left abdominal region

Front 107

Left iliac region

Back 107

Bottom left abdominal subdivision

Front 108

Epigastric region

Back 108

Top middle abdominal region

Front 109

Umbilical region

Back 109

Middle middle abdominal region

Front 110

Hypogastric region

Back 110

Middle bottom abdominal region

Front 111

Right hypochondriac region

Back 111

Top right abdominal region

Front 112

Right lumbar region

Back 112

Right middle abdominal region

Front 113

Right iliac region

Back 113

Right bottom abdominal region

Front 114

Plantar

Back 114

Foot sole

Front 115

Calcaneal

Back 115

Heel

Front 116

Sural

Back 116

Calf

Front 117

Popliteal

Back 117

Hollow behind the knee

Front 118

Dorsum

Back 118

Back of hand

Front 119

Olecranon

Back 119

Point of elbow

Front 120

Acromial

Back 120

Point of shoulder

Front 121

Upper limb

Back 121

From acromial to dorsum

Front 122

Cranial

Back 122

Skull

Front 123

Occipital

Back 123

Base of skull

Front 124

Nuchal

Back 124

Back of neck

Front 125

Dorsal

Back 125

Back

Front 126

Dorsal parameters

Back 126

Scapular to lumbar includes vertebral

Front 127

Scapular

Back 127

Shoulder blade

Front 128

Vertebral

Back 128

Spinal column

Front 129

Lumbar

Back 129

Loin

Front 130

Sacaral

Back 130

Between hips

Front 131

Gluteal

Back 131

Butt

Front 132

Perineal

Back 132

Gouch

Front 133

Trunk

Back 133

Top of Dorsal to Gouch

Front 134

Talus

Back 134

Ankle

Front 135

Dorsum

Back 135

Top of foot

Front 136

Digital

Back 136

Toes

Front 137

Pedal

Back 137

Foot

Front 138

Crural

Back 138

Leg

Front 139

Patellar

Back 139

Kneecap

Front 140

Coxal

Back 140

Hip

Front 141

Digital

Back 141

Fingers

Front 142

Palmar

Back 142

Palm

Front 143

Carpal

Back 143

Wrist

Front 144

Antebrachial

Back 144

Forearm

Front 145

Antecubital

Back 145

Front of elbow

Front 146

Brachial

Back 146

Arm

Front 147

Axillary

Back 147

Armpit

Front 148

Mental

Back 148

Chin

Front 149

Buccal

Back 149

Cheek

Front 150

Otic

Back 150

Ear

Front 151

Frontal

Back 151

Forehead

Front 152

Sternal

Back 152

Breast bone

Front 153

Thorax

Back 153

Includes pectoral mammary and sternal

Front 154

Pubic

Back 154

Genital

Front 155

Thigh Parameters

Back 155

Hip to knee

Front 156

Leg parameters

Back 156

Knee to ankle

Front 157

Arm parameters

Back 157

Shoulder to elbow

Front 158

Forearm parameters

Back 158

Elbow to wrist

Front 159

Trunk

Back 159

Can be divided into thorax abdomen and pelvis

Front 160

Central Region of the body

Back 160

Consists of head neck and trunk

Front 161

Lateral

Back 161

Away from vertical midline

Front 162

Medial

Back 162

Towards vertical midline

Front 163

Proximal

Back 163

Nearest to the supporting structure

Front 164

Distal

Back 164

Distant from the supporting structure

Front 165

Venteral

Back 165

Belly

Front 166

Dorsal

Back 166

Back

Front 167

Caudal

Back 167

Towards the tail

Front 168

Cephalic

Back 168

Towards the head

Front 169

Supine

Back 169

Lying down Face up

Front 170

Stimulus

Back 170

Changed variable that initiates a homeostatic mechanism

Front 171

Effector

Back 171

Produces responses that change the value of the variable

Front 172

Control center

Back 172

Receives information about the variable from the receptor, establishes the set point and controls the effector

Front 173

Receptor

Back 173

Monitors the value of a variable

Front 174

Negative feedback

Back 174

Maintains homeostasis

Front 175

Normal range

Back 175

Slight acceptable increase or decrease of the setpoint

Front 176

Set point

Back 176

Allowable variable range dictated by the control center

Front 177

Variables

Back 177

Volume temptress and content of cell fluids

Front 178

Urinary system

Back 178

Removes waste products from the blood and regulates blood ph, ion balance and water balance.

Front 179

Cardiovascular system

Back 179

Transports nutrients waste products gases and hormones throughout the body plays a role in immune repose and the regulation of body temp.

Front 180

Endocrine system

Back 180

Major regulatory system that influences metabolism growth reproduction and many other functions.

Front 181

Nervous system

Back 181

Major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements physiological processes and intellectual functions

Front 182

Digestive system

Back 182

Preforms the mechanical and chemical processes of digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of wastes.

Front 183

Respiratory system

Back 183

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air and regulates blood ph.

Front 184

Lymphatic system

Back 184

Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph combats disease maintains tissue fluid balance and absorbs fats from the digestive tract.

Front 185

Muscular system

Back 185

Produces body movements maintains posture and produces body heat.

Front 186

Skeletal system

Back 186

Provides protection and support allows body movements produces blood cells and stores minerals and fat.

Front 187

Integumentary system

Back 187

Provides protection regulates temptress prevents water loss and helps produce vitamin d

Front 188

Reproduction

Back 188

Formation of new cells or new organisms

Front 189

Morphogenesis

Back 189

Change in the shape of tissues organs and the entire organism.

Front 190

Differentiation

Back 190

Change in cell structure and function from generalized to specialized

Front 191

Development

Back 191

Change an organism undergoes through time beginning with fertilization and ending at death.

Front 192

Growth

Back 192

Refers to an increase in the size or number of cells which produce an b overall enlargement of all or part of an organism.

Front 193

Responsiveness

Back 193

An organisms ability to sense changes in its external or internal environment and adjust to those changes.

Front 194

Metabolism

Back 194

All of the chemical reactions taking place in an organism

Front 195

Organization

Back 195

The specific interrelationships among the parts of an organism.

Front 196

Six charcteristics of life

Back 196

Organization

metabolism

responsiveness

growth

development

reproduction

Front 197

Chemical Level

Back 197

Interactions between atoms

Front 198

Cell level

Back 198

Molecules combine to form organelles which are the small structures that make up cells.

Front 199

Tissue level

Back 199

A tissue is composed of a group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them.

Front 200

Organ Level

Back 200

An organ is composed of two or more tissue types that preform one or more functions.

Front 201

Organ system level

Back 201

A group of organs that preform a common function or set of functions.

Front 202

Six levels of orginization

Back 202

Chemical Level

Cell level

Tissue level

Organ Level

Organ system level

Organism level