A Acidbasestudy Guide Nclex Pn

Front 1

pH of body fluid is normally

a) acidic

b) alkaline

Back 1

Normal pH of body fluid is alkaline; pH between 7.35 & 7.45

Front 2

Concerning acid base balance, this ion is vital to life and expressed as pH

a) potassium
b) iron
c) hydrogen
d) chloride

Back 2

Hydrogen is vital to life and is expressed as pH

Front 3

The risk for hyperkalemia is monitored in patients experiencing:

a) respiratory acidosis & alkalosis

b) metabolic acidosis & alkalosis

c) metabolic & respiratory acidosis

d) metabolic & respiratory alkalosis

Back 3

Patients experiencing respiratory or metabolic acidosis will typically show with a rise in this electrolyte

Front 4

Any condition causing an obstruction of the airway or a depressed respiratory status can cause

a)respiratory acidosis
b) respiratory alkalosis
c) metabolic acidosis
d) metabolic alkalosis

Back 4

Respiratory acidosis

Front 5

Prepare to assist with administering calcium gluconate for tetany as prescribed with a patient experiencing this condition:

a)respiratory acidosis
b)respiratory alkalosis
c)metabolic acidosis
d)metabolic alkalosis

Back 5

Prepare to assist with administering calcium gluconate to a patient experiencing respiratory alkalosis

Front 6

Conditions that cause overstimulation of the respiratory status result in:

a) respiratory acidosis
b) respiratory alkalosis
c) metabolic acidosis
d) metabolic alkalosis

Back 6

Respiratory alkalosis results from overstimulation of the respiratory status

Front 7

Diabetes mellitus, ketoacidosis, renal insufficiency, and the insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates can cause:

a) respiratory acidosis
b) respiratory alkalosis
c) metabolic acidosis
d) metabolic alkalosis

Back 7

Metabolic acidosis

Front 8

Potassium rises (norm is 3.5-5.1)and pH is down (norm 7.35-7.45)with:

a) acidosis

b) alkalosis

Back 8

With acidosis, the ph is down (below 7.35)

Front 9

In alkalosis the pH is:

a) up (over 7.45)

b) down (below 7.35)

Back 9

pH is up with alkalosis

Front 10

The pco2 value is the indicator for:

a) respiratory function

b) metabolic function

Back 10

The respiratory function indicator is pco2

Front 11

With metabolic acidosis:

a) pH is down & HCO3 is down

b) pH is up & HCO3 is up

c) pH is up & pco2 is down

d)pH is down & HCO3 is up

Back 11

pH is down & HCO3 is down

Front 12

With metabolic alkalosis:

a) pH is down & HCO3 is down

b) pH is up & HCO3 is up

c) pH is up & pco2 is down

d) pH is down & HCO3 is up

Back 12

pH is up & HCO3 is up

Front 13

To determine if a condition is due to a respiratory imbalance:

a) pco2 values will have a corresponding relationship to the pH values

b) HCO3 values reflects a corresponding relationship to pH

c) pco2 values reflect an oppositional relationship to pH

d) HCO3 values have an oppositional relationship with pH

Back 13

Respiratory imbalances reflect pco2 values that have an oppositional relationship to pH

low pH - high pco2 = respiratory acidosis

high pH - low pco2 =
respiratory alkalosis

if pco2 values don't reflect an oppositional relationship to pH then the condition is most likely a metabolic imbalance and HCO3 values will be noted

respiratory = opposite & note pco2

metabolic = same & note HCO3

Front 14

Normal pco2 values:

a) 22-27 mm Hg

b) 80-100 mm Hg

c) 35-45 mm Hg

Back 14

35-45 mm Hg = norm pco2

Front 15

Normal HCO3 values:

a) 22-27 mEq/L

b) 80-100 mEq/L

c) 35-45 mmEq/L

Back 15

22-27 mEq/L + norm HCO3

Front 16

Norm pO2 values:

a) 22-27 mm Hg

b)80-100 mm Hg

c)35-45 mm Hg

Back 16

80-100 mm Hg = pO2 norm

Front 17

Identify respiratory acidosis:

a)pH 7.40 - pco2 53

b)pH 7.35 - pco2 40

c)ph 7.25 - pco2 50

d)pH 7.50 - pco2 30

Back 17

Respiratory acidosis; ph 7.25 - pco2 50

Front 18

Identify the electrolyte lab value you would expect for a patient with respiratory alkalosis:

a)sodium level - 145
b)potassium level - 3.2
c)magnesium level - 2.4
d)phosphorus level - 4.0

Back 18

potassium - 3.2 (hypokalemia)

all other lab values are within normal range

hypocalcemia can also be expected

Front 19

Patient with pneumonia has pH of 7.50 and pco2 of 30 which indicates:

a)respiratory acidosis
b)respiratory alkalosis
c)metabolic acidosis
d)metabolic alkalosis

Back 19

respiratory alkalosis

Front 20

You should monitor the patient with a nasogastric tub attached to low suction for:

a)respiratory acidosis
b)respiratory alkalosis
c)metabolic acidosis
d)metabolic alkalosis

Back 20

metabolic alkalosis

Front 21

You would most likely observe Kussmauls respirations in a patient with ketoacidosis with respirations that are:

a)abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate

b)regular but abnormally slow

c)labored & increased in rate & depth

d)respirations that cease for several seconds

Back 21

abnormally deep, regular, and increased in rate

Front 22

A patient taking oral antacids frequently throughout the day is at risk for:

a)respiratory acidoais
b)respiratory alkalosis
c)metabolic acidosis
d)metabolic alkalosis

Back 22

metabolic alkalosis

Front 23

Identify metabolic acidosis in a patient experiencing renal failure:

a) Na - 145
b) Mg - 2.6
c) K+ - 5.6
d) Phos - 4.5

Back 23

K+ - 5.6 = hyperkalemia

all other values here are w/in norm range

Front 24

Primary defects in the function of the lungs or changes in respiratory patterns from secondary problems most often cause:

a) respiratory acidosis

b) respiratory alkalosis

Back 24

respiratory acidosis

Front 25

A loss of gastric fluid via nasogastric suction or vomiting causes

a) metabolic acidosis

b) metabolic alkalosis

Back 25

metabolic alkalosis due to loss of hydrochloric acid

Front 26

When excess bicarbonate is lost, as in a patient with enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea the result creates:

a) metabolic acidosis

b) mtabolic alkalosis

Back 26

metabolic acidosis

Front 27

When pH goes down and respiratory rate and depth go up:

a) respiratory acidosis
b) respiratory alkalosis
c) metabolic acidosis
d) metabolic alkalosis

Back 27

respiratory acidosis

Front 28

When pH goes up and respiratory rate and depth go down:

a) espiratory acidosis
b) respiratory alkalosis
c) metabolic acidosis
d) metabolic alkalosis

Back 28

respiratory alkalosis

Front 29

Concerning the kidneys, pH goes down

a) metabolic acidosis
b) metabolic alkalosis

Back 29

metabolic acidosis

Front 30

Concerning the kidneys, pH goes up

a) metabolic acidosis
b) metabolic alkalosis

Back 30

metabolic alkalosis

Front 31

Identify acid-base imbalance with these signs and symptoms:

"respiratory rate & depth increase, drowsy & confused, visual disturbances, diaphoreses, cyanosis, rapid & irregular pulse, dysrhythmia leading to ventricular fibrillation"

1) respiratory acidosis

2) respiratory alkalosis

Back 31

1) respiratory acidosis

Front 32

Identify acid-base imbalance with these signs and symptoms:

"abnormal rapid & deep respirations initially that then decrease, headache, lightheadedness & vertigo, paresthesias, tetany, convulsions:

1) respiratory acidosis

2) respiratory alkalosis

Back 32

2) respiratory alkalosis

Front 33

Identify acid-base imbalance with these signs and symptoms:

Hyperpnea with Kussmauls respirations, n&v, diarrhea, fruity breath, dull, drowsy, stupor, coma, twitching, convulsions"

1) respiratory acidosis

2) respiratory alkalosis

3) metabolic acidosis

4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 33

3) metabolic acidosis

Front 34

Identify acid-base imbalance with these signs and symptoms:

"respiratory rate & dept decrease, n&v, diarrhea, restlessness, numbness, tingling & twitching in the extremities, dysthrhythmia, tachycardia"

1) respiratory acidosis

2) respiratory alkalosis

3) metabolic acidosis

4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 34

4) metabolic alkalosis

Front 35

Preparing to assist with administering calcium gluconate for tetany, as prescribed, may be necessary for patients experiencing:

1) respiratory acidosis

2) respiratory alkalosis

3) metabolic acidosis

4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 35

2) respiratory alkalosis

Front 36

Preparing to replace potassium choride, as prescribed, is an important intervention for which acid-base imbalance:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 36

4) metabolic alkalosis

Front 37

When obtaining an arterial blood gas specimen it is important to perform this test to determinethe presence of collateral circulation ?

Back 37

Allens test

Front 38

When performing Allen's test, if pinkness fails to return within 6 seconds, which artery should not be used to obtain a specimen

a) radial

b) ulnar

Back 38

ulnar artery is insufficient indicating that the radial artery should not be used

Front 39

Diabetes mellitus-ketoacidosis causes:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 39

3) metabolic acidosis

Front 40

Excessive ingestion of acetylsalicylic (aspirin) causes:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 40

3) metabolic acidosis

Front 41

Diuretics & excessive vomiting or GI suctioning causes:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 41

4) metabolic alkalosis

Front 42

Pulmonary edema causes:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 42

1) respiratory acidosis

Front 43

Having a fever puts a patient at risk for:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 43

2) respiratory alkalosis

Front 44

Severe diarrhea puts a patient at risk for:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 44

3) metabolic acidosis

Front 45

Massive transfusion of whole blood puts a patient at risk for:

1) respiratory acidosis
2) respiratory alkalosis
3) metabolic acidosis
4) metabolic alkalosis

Back 45

4) metabolic alkalosis