9.29.2006 Anterior Triangle Of The Neck

Front 1

Boundries of anterior triangle of neck: Superior:___, Medial:____, Lateral:_____

Back 1

Superior: inf. border of mandible
Medial: midline
Lateral: ant. border of SCM

Front 2

Beneath the fat of the neck is the ______ fascia, which surrounds entire neck.

Back 2

investing layer of fascia

Front 3

The _____ fascia surrounds the anterior trachea & thyroid gland.

Back 3

pretracheal

Front 4

The _____ is in the deep portion of the neck & surrounds muscles of vert. column.

Back 4

prevertebral

Front 5

The ____ fascia is found between back of esophagus & front of prevertebral fascia.

Back 5

buccopharyngeal

Front 6

The _____ space is between prevertebral fascia & buccopharyngeal fascia.

Back 6

retropharyngeal space

Front 7

The retropharyngeal space is bound laterally by _____.

Back 7

carotid sheaths

Front 8

Why is retropharyngeal space clinically important?

Back 8

infections here can drain inferiorly towards heart

Front 9

The submental triangle is found _____ to the mandible anteriorly.

Back 9

inferior

Front 10

The _____ form boundary on either side of the submental triangle.

Back 10

anterior belly of digastric muscles

Front 11

The ____ forms the base of the submental triangle.

Back 11

hyoid bone

Front 12

The submandibular triangle is bound superiorly by ___, & on either side by ______.

Back 12

superiorly: mandible
either side: anterior & posterior bellies of digastric

Front 13

Borders of carotid triangle: superior:___; inferolateral: ___; inferomedial:______

Back 13

SUP: post. belly of digastic
INFLATERAL: ant. part of SCM
INFMED: sup. belly of omohyoid

Front 14

Borders of muscular triangle:
Dorsolateral:____, Medial: ___, Inferolateral:_____

Back 14

Dorsolateral: sup. belly of omohyoid
Medial: midline
Inferolateral:SCM-medial part

Front 15

The platysma is innervated by _______.

Back 15

cervical branch of the facial nerve

Front 16

Which of following is in musc. triangle: mylohyoid, digastric, omohyoid

Back 16

omohyoid

Front 17

Put the following in order, superior to inferior: hyoid bone, thyroid cart. cricoid cart.

Back 17

hyoid bone
thyroid cartilage
cricoid cartilage

Front 18

The ____, or infrahyoid muscles generally _____ the hyoid bone.

Back 18

strat;
depress

Front 19

The superior belly of the omohyoid arises from ____ & inserts into _____.

Back 19

fascial sling on clavicle;
hyoid

Front 20

The sternothyroid begins at ______ & inserts onto _____. What is its action?

Back 20

sternum/clavicle; thyroid cartilage
depresses larynx

Front 21

The _____ elevates the larynx & is in muscular triangle.

Back 21

thyrohyoid

Front 22

The ______ innervates all of the infrahyoid muscles.

Back 22

ansa cervicalis

Front 23

The thyrohyoid is innervated by _____.

Back 23

C1

Front 24

The sternohyoid & omohyoid are innervated by _____.

Back 24

C1-C3

Front 25

The digastric muscle inserts onto ______.

Back 25

digastric fossa of mandible

Front 26

Deep to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle is the _______.

Back 26

mylohyoid muscle

Front 27

The mylohyoid muscle arises from _____ & inserts into _____.

Back 27

mylohyoid line (inferior internal bord. of mandible); hyoid bone & median raphe

Front 28

The mylohyoid & digastric muscles generally _____ the hyoid.

Back 28

elevate (they're NOT in muscular triangle)

Front 29

The ansa ('loop') cervicalis is part of the ______.

Back 29

cervical plexus

Front 30

What arteries is the ansa cervicalis associated with?

Back 30

ECA & branches

Front 31

The CN 12 is associated with _____ artery in the neck. The artery runs ___ to nerve.

Back 31

muscular branch of occipital;
anterior

Front 32

CN 12 runs ____ to the External Carotid Artery

Back 32

anterior

Front 33

A branch of C1 travels w/ CN12 and branches off to innervate ___ & ____.

Back 33

thyrohyoid & geniohyoid

Front 34

The superior root of the ansa cervicalis extends ___ in front of CCA to give branches to what?

Back 34

ANTERIOR;
sternohyoid, inferior belly of omohyoid, & sternothyroid

Front 35

The anterior rami of C2 & C3 run ____ to IJV & join ____ to form ansa cervicalis.

Back 35

posterior; C1

Front 36

CN 12 passes ____ to post. belly of digastric, then deep to it to enter _____.

Back 36

inferior;
submandibular triangle

Front 37

Immediately superior to greater horn of hyoid is the _____ artery & ____ nerve.

Back 37

occipital artery branch
hypoglossal nerve

Front 38

The superior thyroid artery runs inferiorly & gives off ______.

Back 38

superior laryngeal artery

Front 39

The superior laryngeal artery pierces the _____.

Back 39

thyrohyoid membrane

Front 40

The internal & external laryngeal nn. are branches of ___, which is a branch of the _____.

Back 40

superior laryngeal nerve;
VAGUS

Front 41

The internal laryngeal nerve gives ____ innervation to what?

Back 41

sensory (GVA); pharynx & larynx, SUPERIOR TO VOCAL CORD

Front 42

Inferior to the vocal cords, the _____ innervates the pharynx & larynx.

Back 42

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Front 43

The external laryngeal nerve innervates the _____ muscle with ___ fibers.

Back 43

cricothyroid;
SVE

Front 44

Name branches of the ECA (except terminal branches).

Back 44

ascending pharyngeal; superior thyroid; lingual; facial; occipital; post. auricular

Front 45

Name terminal branches of ECA.

Back 45

superficial temporal & maxillary

Front 46

The maxillary artery dives ____ to the mandible before giving off many branches.

Back 46

deep

Front 47

The ascending pharyngeal artery's origin is ___ aspect of ECA at bifurcation of common carotid.

Back 47

lateral

Front 48

The superior thyroid artery arises ____ from ECA, just after CCA bifurcates.

Back 48

medially

Front 49

The lingual & facial arteries give off _____ of the ECA.

Back 49

medially

Front 50

The facial artery gives rise to ascending ______ branch. Clinical significance?

Back 50

tonsillar--can be nicked during tonsillectomy

Front 51

The occipital artery gives off _____ of ECA.

Back 51

laterally

Front 52

The ______ is the final (not terminal) branch of the ECA.

Back 52

posterior auricular

Front 53

The ______ is on either side of the thyroid.

Back 53

carotid sheath

Front 54

The carotid sheath contains _______ (laterally to medially).

Back 54

IJV, vagus nerve, common carotid

Front 55

The parathyroid glands produce ____ (regulates metabolism of Ca & PO4).

Back 55

parathormone

Front 56

If the parathyroid glands are removed during thyroidectomy, ¿qué pasa?

Back 56

Tetany & seizures due to plunge in serum calcium

Front 57

The superior thyroid artery comes from ______.

Back 57

ECA

Front 58

The inferior thyroid artery comes from ____.

Back 58

thyrocervical trunk

Front 59

The ____ lobe is sometimes found on thyroid gland.

Back 59

pyramidal

Front 60

Sometimes one has a _____ duct that passes to foramen cecum on post side of tongue.

Back 60

persistent thyroglossal duct

Front 61

What veins drain the thyroid?

Back 61

superior, middle, & inferior thyroid veins

Front 62

Where do the superior, middle, & inferior thyroid veins drain?

Back 62

superior & middle: IJV
inferior: brachiocephalic trunk

Front 63

The _____ passes between the thyroid gland and the esophagus.

Back 63

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Front 64

The stylohyoid runs from styloid process to hyoid, __ to post. belly of digastric.

Back 64

ANTERIOR

Front 65

The stylohyoid muscle inserts just ____ to fibrous sling of digastric.

Back 65

POSTERIOR

Front 66

The facial artery is ___ to the mandible & ____ to mylohyoid muscle.

Back 66

deep; lateral

Front 67

The anterior belly of the digastric inserts on _____.

Back 67

digastric fossa of mandible

Front 68

The posterior belly of the digastric arises from _____.

Back 68

mastoid notch at the base of the skull

Front 69

The posterior belly of the digastric is innervated by _____.

Back 69

CN 7

Front 70

The anterior belly of the digastric is innervated by _____.

Back 70

nerve to mylohyoid

Front 71

The nerve to mylohyoid is a branch of the ______.

Back 71

inferior alveolar nerve

Front 72

The lingual artery passes ___ to mylohyoid, while the hypoglossal nerve passes ____.

Back 72

lingual artery-deep
hypoglossal nerve-laterally

Front 73

How many times does the lingual nerve cross the submandibular gland?

Back 73

2

Front 74

The submandibular ganglion is found ____ to the lingual nerve.

Back 74

posterolaterally

Front 75

The submandibular ganglion receive _____ fibers from CHORDA TYMPANI.

Back 75

parasympathetic, preganglionic

Front 76

CN7 provides ____ fibers to the sublingual gland.

Back 76

postganglionic

Front 77

_____ provides secretomotor innervaton to the sublingual & submandibular glands.

Back 77

FACIAL NERVE (chorda tympani)

Front 78

The _____ is the major extrinsic muscle of the tongue. Found ____ to mylohyoid.

Back 78

hyoglossus;
deep to mylohyoid

Front 79

The geniohyoid muscles are found ____ to mylohyoid.

Back 79

superior

Front 80

The geniohyoid muscles arise from _____ & are innervated by _____.

Back 80

inferior mental spine; C1 (via hypoglossal nerve)

Front 81

The carotid body is located on ___ aspect of bifurcation.

Back 81

posterior

Front 82

Innervation of the carotid body is by _____. It's sensitive to O2 & CO2.

Back 82

glossopharyngeal nerve

Front 83

The carotid sinus is a thickened area ____ on carotid artery. Function?

Back 83

anterior;
regulates blood pressure

Front 84

Innervation of the carotid sinus is by way of ______ (a branch of _______).

Back 84

nerve to the carotid sinus;
branch of CN 9 (glossopharyngeal)