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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 6 acute manifestations of DM?
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Polydipsia
Polyuria Polyphagia Weight loss DKA (type 1) or Hyperosmolar coma (type 2) Unapposed secretion of GH and epi |
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What are the two possibilities of chronic manifestations of DM?
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Nonenzymatic glycosylation
Osmotic Damage |
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What are the 2 manifestations of Nonenzymatic glycosylation?
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Small vessel disease - retinopathy, glaucoma, nephropathy
Large vessel atherosclerosis - CAD, peripheral vascular occlusive disease and gangrene = limb loss, cerebrovascular disease |
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What are the 2 manifestations of Osmotic damage?
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Neuropathy - motor/sensory and autonomic degeneration
Cataracts + glaucoma |
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What are the 3 diagnostic tests for DM?
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Fasting serum glucose
Oral glucose tolerance test HbA1C |
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What type of diabetes usually shows DKA as a symptom?
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Type 1
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What is DKA usually a result of?
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From inc insulin requirements from inc stress (infection)
or From excess fat breakdown and inc ketogenesis from FFA's which are made into ketone bodies |
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What are some symptoms of DKA?
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Kussmaul respirations (deep/rapid breathing to try to blow off CO2 and raise the pH)
N/V, ab pain, psychosis/delirium, dehydration, fruity breath odor |
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What are the lab values of a DKA patient?
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Hyperglycemia, inc H+, dec HCO3-, inc blood ketone levels, leukocytosis, hyperkalemia
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What are the 2 bugs that can cause serious complications in a DKA patient?
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Mucor, Rhizopus
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What are some symptoms of DKA complications?
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Cerebral edema, cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure
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How do you treat DKA?
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IV fluids, IV insulin, K+
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