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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Signals are sent via two control systems:
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Somatic motor system
Autonomic nervous system |
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What are some char of the somatic motor system?
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1. Vol control of skeletal muscles.
2. Conscious choices 3. Sometimes both vol and autonomic (i.e. breathing) |
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What are some char of the autonomic nervous system?
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1. Involuntary REGULATION of organs, smooth muscles, and glands.
2. Regulated processes are ongoing. |
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How does the somatic motor system control skeletal muscle?
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1. Motor neurons stimulate cell excitation (APs)
2. Skeletal muscle contracts only under command from CNS. |
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Somatic motor system and its course of innervation?
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Motor neurons exit the CNS with CNs and Spinal nerves.
Travel all the way WITHIN the CNS to target muscles. |
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How does the autonomic nervous system regulate organ function?
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Motor neurons release NTs that activate INTRACELLULAR signaling cascades.
These cascades lead to changes, i.e. ligand binding, phosphorylation, Ca release. |
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Autonomic Nervous System divides into what two divisions?
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Sympathetic and Parasym
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What's another name fo the sympathetic motor system?
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Thoraco-lumbar.
Preganglionic neuron originates from the thoracic and lumbar regions. Then it synapses with the postganglionic neuron that reaches the organs, glands, etc... |
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Parasympathetic Motor System
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Long pre and short post
Preganglion originates from Cranial and sacral region and synapses with postganglion that reaches the target organs, glands, etc... |
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Agonist and antagonist
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Agonist is a drug or agent that binds to and activates a receptor.
Antagonist is a drug that blocks the receptor. |
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What type of receptors lie on target organs when innervated by the somatic motor system?
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Nicotinic
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How many neurons are involved in the innervation by the somatic motor system?
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Only ONE!!! It extends/originates from ALL the regions of the CNS to the target regions.
With the Autonomic, we're ALWAYS dealing with the Pre and Postganglion--> therefore 2 neurons are invovled. |
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What receptors are involved in the sympathetic motor system?
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Nicotinic receptors on Post and adrenal medulla cells.
Adrenergic receptors on target cells. |
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What receptors are involved in the parasympathetic motor system?
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Nicotinic on Postganglion
Muscarinic on target cells |
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What are the results of agonist binding to receptors?
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Nicotinic: opens a channel that is part of the receptor--> EPSP in postsynpatic cell.
Muscarinic: activates a G-protein. Adrenergic: activates a G-protein. |
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Binding of Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor leads to:
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1. bind 1st messenger
2. activate G-protein 3. activate phospholipase C 4. produce IP3 5. release Ca from SR 6. bind to calmodulin 7. activate CAM Kinase 8. phosphorylate target protein. |
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Binding of Beta 1, 2 adrenergic receptors:
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1. bind to 1st messenger
2. activate G-protein 3. activate adenylyl cyclase 4. produce cAMP 5. activate protein kinase A 6. phosphorylate target protein. |
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CNS control systems must turn off by?
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1. remove or cataboize 1st messengers
2. close channels 3. turn off G-protein pathways. |
