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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the cells in the fundus and the body of the stomach
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mucous cells
parietal cells chief (oxyntic) cells D cells G cells mast cells |
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what is zollinger ellison syndrome
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causes hypersecretion of acid due to a gastrinoma
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what does cobalamin initially bind to when digested
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R proteins present in the saliva
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how does cobalamin bind to intrinsic factor
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cobalamin bound to R proteins passes through to the duodenum where the pancreatic enzymes such as trypsin hydrolyse the R proteins and allows cobalamin to preferentially bind to IF to become the intrinsic factor-cobalamin complex which is absorbed in the terminal ileum
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what stimulates gastrin release and from where
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from G cells in the gastric antrum
stimualted by the presence of food and neural release of gastrin releasing peptide (GIP) |
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where is histamine released from
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ECL (enterochromaffin like cells)
mucosal cells |
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what is the neural mechanism of vomiting
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emetics trigger area postrema
AP signals to NTS NTS signals to dorsal vagal complex to induce vomiting NTS also signals to areas of medulla to involve respiratory components of vomiting |
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where in the GIT does the H.pylori cause high and low acid production
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If H.pylori is in the body/fundus then it decreases in overal acid production
If H.pylori is in the antrum then it increases in overall acid production |
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what are the mechanisms of H.pylori causing gastric ulcers
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phospholiapse for epithelial cell damage
mucinase to damage mucous urease to breakdown urea and prod NH4 to neutralise environment for prolonged survival flagella to move into gastric pits activates immune response cytokines: TNFa, IL-6,IL-8 activates T cell and B cell --> can lead to gastric lymphoma toxins: Vaca (vacuolating toxin) enhances gastric acid secretion impairs duodenal bicarbonate production |
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