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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vital capacity (VC) is the maximum amount of air that can be ____ after a maximum ____
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expired - inspiration
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VC (vital capacity) should be __% of TLC
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80
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average VC (vital capacity) in males/females
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4800 ml / 3100 ml
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VC (vital capacity) can be used to determine if problems are ____ or ____ in nature
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obstructive - restrictive
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VC (vital capacity) is reduced in ____ disorders
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restrictive
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tidal volume (TV) is the amount of air ____ or ____ during normal breathing
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inhaled - exhaled
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average TV
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500 ml
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expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the amount of air that can be forcefully ____ after normal ____ ____ ____
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exhaled - TV exhalation
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ERV (expiratory reserve volume) is usually __% of VC
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25
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average ERV (expiratory reserve volume) in males/females
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1200 ml / 700 ml
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inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) is the amount of air that can be forcefully ____ after normal ____ ____ ____
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inhaled - TV inhalation
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IRV (inspiratory reserve volume) formula
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vital capacity = TV + ERV + IRV
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average IRV (inspiratory reserve volume) in males/females
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3100 ml / 1900 ml
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minute respiratory volume (MRV) is ____ rate measured by ____ per ____
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respiratory rate - breaths - minute
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MRV (minute respiratory volume) formula
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MRV = TV × respiratory rate
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dead space formula
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dead space = TV × 30%
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alveolar ventilation rate (AVR) is the measurement of incoming ____ actually used for ____
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air - respiration
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AVR (alveolar ventilation rate) formula
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AVR = respiratory rate × (TV - dead space)
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total lung capacity (TLC) is the maximum of air contained in the lungs after maximum ____
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inspiration
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TLC (total lung capacity) formula
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TLC = TV + IRV + ERV + RV
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residual volume (RV) is the amount of air remaining in the lungs after forced ____
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exhalation
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average RV in males/females
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1200 ml / 1100 ml
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what volume of air is important in the Heimlich maneuver
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ERV (expiratory reserve volume) - forced out during maneuver to blow out lodged object
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what physical principle is demonstrated when performing the Heimlich maneuver
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maneuver decreases thoracic cavity volume → ↑pressure in lungs → forced air with high pressure expelled from lungs
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alveolar ventilation is more accurate measurement of usable air compared to minute respiratory volume because it takes ____ ____ into account
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dead space
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difference between alveolar ventilation & minute respiratory volume
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alveolar ventilation is more accurate measurement of usable air because it takes into account dead space
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on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, what is being measured on the x-axis
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partial pressure of O₂
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on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, what is being measured on the y-axis
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saturation of hemoglobin (hb) with O₂
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on the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, what does the graph show
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hemoglobin is almost completely saturated at a Po₂ of 70 mm Hg
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what is the significance of a Po₂ of 100 mm Hg
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after a Po₂ of 100 mm Hg, hemoglobin will no longer saturate - it is already 100% saturated (Po₂ is over 100 in the lungs)
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what is the significance of a Po₂ of 40 mm Hg
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this the Po₂ in the O₂ in the body cells - hemoglobin is still over 70% saturated even at this low Po₂
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at a Po₂ of 100 mm Hg, what % of the total hemoglobin is saturated with O₂
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100%
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at a Po₂ of 40 mm Hg, what % of the total hemoglobin is saturated with O₂
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74%
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a 25% difference between total hemoglobin O₂ saturation of 100/40 mm Hg Po₂ means …
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hemoglobin gives up 25% of it's O₂ to body cells as it passes
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shifting the curve to the right __creases Po₂ of O₂ in attempt to __crease the saturation of ____ with O₂
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increase - increase - hemoglobin
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