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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What receptors do alcohol bind to?
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Decrease in GLU, increase in GABA.
Otherwise binds serotonin, GABA, NMDA |
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Where is the universal center for addiction?
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DA release in Nucleus Accumebns
There are no dopamine cell bodies in nuc. accumbens, the area receives dopamine from VTA upon burst fire via pleasurable activities. |
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What receptor type is in nuc. accumbens
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GABA -
enkaphalin (activating) - mu receptors dynorphin (inhibiting) - kappa receptors |
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True/False:
Neuroadaptations are the OPPOSITE of drug's effec? |
TRUE
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What is the arcuate nucleus? It is involved in what drug use primarily?
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Involved in B-endorphin system. Alcohol activates B-endorphin stimulation, particularly in people with low baseline B-endorphin levels. These people have greater rises in B-endorphin per drink
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What area is involved in denial?
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PFC dysfunction. Grey matter loss. PFC is GLU! always GO!
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What are the mechanisms of action of ecstacy and cocaine?
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Block reuptake of 5HT, DA, norepi.
Ecstacy is primarily 5HT. |
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What areas are activated by cue-induced cravings?
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Limbic! anterior cingulate/amygdala
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What is sensitization? What drug is this relevant to?
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Kindling sensitization to a threshold. At first, the dose may not be felt, then BAM, same dose is awesome.
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What determines benzo's addictive potential?
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HIGH LIPOPHILIC enters and is stored longer is fat-heavy areas like the brain.
Remember, lipophilic directly related to potency and duration. |
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% of first-time users that get hooked to cocaine? nicotine?
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17% and 32%. Availability can alter these numbers
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What is progression
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Means that if you get to a level of drug use, even if you stop, you relapse at same rates as where you stopped
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What are risks of benzo and barb withdrawal?
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Seizures (hypoactivity of GABA). Also get agitated. paranoid.
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