8Th Grade Science Chapter 22

Front 1

Arrangement of electromagnetic waves according to their wavelength

Back 1

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Front 2

Building that can house an optical telescope; dome shaped roof that can open for viewing

Back 2

Observatory

Front 3

Final stage in the U.S. program to reach the moon in which Neil Armstrong was the first human to step onto the moon's surface

Back 3

Project Apollo

Front 4

2nd stage in the U.S. program to reach the moon in which an astronaut team connected with another spacecraft in orbit

Back 4

Project Gemini

Front 5

1st step in the U.S. program to reach the moon that orbited a piloted spacecraft around Earth and brought it back safely

Back 5

Project Mercury

Front 6

Collects and records radio waves traveling through space

Back 6

Radio telescope

Front 7

Optical telescope that uses a concave mirror to focus light and form an image at the focal point

Back 7

Reflecting telescope

Front 8

Optical telescope that uses a double convex lens to bend light and form an image at the focal point

Back 8

Refracting telescope

Front 9

Any natural or artificial object that revolves around another object

Back 9

Satellite

Front 10

Reusable spacecraft that can carry cargo, astronauts and satellites to and from space

Back 10

Space shuttle

Front 11

Instrument that travels far into the solar system

Back 11

space probe

Front 12

Large facility with living quarters, work and exercise areas

Back 12

space station

Front 13

Special motor that can work in space and burns liquid or solid fuel

Back 13

rocket

Front 14

Curved path followed by a satellite as it revolves around an object

Back 14

orbit

Front 16

What was the name of the telescoped that was launched into space

Back 16

Hubble Space Telescope

Front 17

The Soviet Union used a rocket to send what into space?

Back 17

Sputnik I

Front 18

What verified the high temperatures in Venus's atmosphere?

Back 18

Mariner 2

Front 19

What sent back photos of Jupiter?

Back 19

Pioneer 10

Front 20

What mapped the surface of Mars?

Back 20

Viking 1 Orbiter

Front 21

What mapped Venus's surface and returned data of the composition of Venus's atmosphere?

Back 21

Magellan

Front 22

The light and other energy leaving a star are forms of what?

Back 22

Radiation

Front 23

The energy transmissed from one place to another by electromagnetic waves

Back 23

Radiation

Front 24

Sound waves are a type of what kind of wave?

Back 24

Mechanical wave

Front 25

Can sound waves travel through empty space?

Back 25

No

Front 26

When astronauts speak into a mircrophone, the sound waves are converted into electromagnetic waves called what?

Back 26

Radio waves

Front 27

The number of times a wave vibrates per unit of time is called what

Back 27

Frequency

Front 28

All wavelengths travel at a rate of _________________ in a vacuum.

Back 28

300,000 km/s

Front 29

What tool is used for studying electromagnetic radiation from distant sources?

Back 29

Telescope

Front 30

What type of telescope uses light to produce magnified images of objects?

Back 30

Optical telescope

Front 31

What type of optical telescope uses a double convex lens, which are curved outward like the surface of a ball?

Back 31

Refracting telescope

Front 32

What type of optical telescope uses a curved mirror to direct light from the object being view to pass through the open end of the telescope?

Back 32

Reflecting telescope

Front 33

A building with dome shaped roofs that can be opened up for viewing

Back 33

Observatory

Front 34

Which telescope was launched in 1990 by the space shuttle Discover?

Back 34

Hubble Space Telescope

Front 35

Did the Hubble Space telescope produce clear images?

Back 35

No

Front 36

Among the objects viewed by Hubble after is was repaired in 1999 was a large cluster of galaxies known as what?

Back 36

Abell 2218

Front 37

Why is the Hubble located outside of the Earth's atmosphere?

Back 37

The energy from the atmosphere distorts the images.

Front 38

How many missions were made to the Hubble to make repairs?

Back 38

three

Front 39

The twin Keck reflecting telescope has segmented mirrors that were how big?

Back 39

10m

Front 40

In 2000, the largest optical telescope in use was located where?

Back 40

European Southern Observatory in Chile.

Front 41

How many reflectors did the European Southern observatory have and how big were they?

Back 41

4 reflectors that were 8.2m each

Front 42

The most recent innovations in optical telescopes involve what two kinds of optics?

Back 42

Active and Adaptive Optics

Front 43

What kind of optics has a computer that corrects for changes in temperature, mirror distorations and bad viewing conditions?

Back 43

Active optics

Front 44

What kind of optics use a laser to probe the atmosphere and relay information to a computer about air and turbulance?

Back 44

Adaptive optics

Front 45

Where is the twin Keck telescope located?

Back 45

Hawaii

Front 46

What type of instrument is used to study radio waves traveling through space?

Back 46

Radio telescope

Front 47

The shorter the wavelength,the more or less vibrations will occur?

Back 47

More

Front 48

Are radio waves examples of short or long wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum?

Back 48

Long

Front 49

What passes more freely through the Earth's atmosphere -- visible light or radio waves?

Back 49

Radio Waves

Front 50

What kinds of telescopes are useful 24 hours a day under most weather conditions?

Back 50

Radio Telescopes

Front 51

Engines that do not require ar to burn fuel

Back 51

Rocket

Front 52

To break free of gravity and enter the Earth's atmosphere, a spacecraft must travel at speeds of greater than what?

Back 52

11 km/s

Front 53

Rockets of two types are distinguished by the type of fuel they use. What are the two types

Back 53

Liquid propellant rocket and the solid propellant rocket

Front 54

Which rockets are generally simpler -- liquid or solid propelled?

Back 54

Solid Propelled

Front 55

Can a solid propelled rocket be shut down after is has been ignited?

Back 55

No.

Front 56

Among the objects viewed by Hubble after is was repaired in 1999 was a large cluster of galaxies known as what?

Back 56

Abell 2218

Front 57

Why is the Hubble located outside of the Earth's atmosphere?

Back 57

The energy from the atmosphere distorts the images.

Front 58

How many missions were made to the Hubble to make repairs?

Back 58

three

Front 59

The twin Keck reflecting telescope has segmented mirrors that were how big?

Back 59

10m

Front 60

In 2000, the largest optical telescope in use was located where?

Back 60

European Southern Observatory in Chile.

Front 61

How many reflectors did the European Southern observatory have and how big were they?

Back 61

4 reflectors that were 8.2m each

Front 62

The most recent innovations in optical telescopes involve what two kinds of optics?

Back 62

Active and Adaptive Optics

Front 63

What kind of optics has a computer that corrects for changes in temperature, mirror distorations and bad viewing conditions?

Back 63

Active optics

Front 64

What kind of optics use a laser to probe the atmosphere and relay information to a computer about air and turbulance?

Back 64

Adaptive optics

Front 65

Where is the twin Keck telescope located?

Back 65

Hawaii

Front 66

Optical telescopes use two different kinds of optics -- what are they?

Back 66

Active and Adaptive Optics

Front 67

Which type of optical telescope uses a computer to correct for changes in temperature, mirror distortions and bad viewing conditions?

Back 67

Active Optics

Front 68

Which type of optical telescope uses a laser to probe the atmosphere and relay information to a computer about air turbulence?

Back 68

Adaptive optics

Front 69

What passes through space easier -- visible light or radio waves?

Back 69

Radio waves

Front 70

What type of telescope can be used 24 hours a day under almost all weather conditions?

Back 70

Radio Telescope

Front 71

To break free of gravity and enter the earth's orbit, a spacecraft must travel at speeds greater than what?

Back 71

11 km/s

Front 72

An engine that doesn't require air to burn fuel

Back 72

Rocket

Front 73

Rockets are distinguished by the two types of fuel they use -- what are they?

Back 73

Solid Propellant and Liquid propellant rockets.

Front 74

Which is a simpler rocket -- solid or liquid propelled?

Back 74

Solid

Front 75

Can a solid propelled rocket be shut down after ingnition?

Back 75

No

Front 76

Which kind of rocket can be reignited -- solid or liquid?

Back 76

Liquid

Front 77

Does the space shuttle use solid or liquid propelled rockets?

Back 77

Both

Front 78

In August of 1962, which unit verified high temperatures in Venus's atmosphere?

Back 78

Mariner 2

Front 79

________________ arrived at Jupiter in 1995 and sent back data, including images of Europa, one of Jupiters 16 moons

Back 79

Galileo

Front 80

In May of 1989, _________________ mapped Venus's surface and returned data on the composition of Venus's atmosphere

Back 80

Magellan

Front 81

In 1974, _______________ obtained the first good images of the suface of Mercury

Back 81

Mariner 10

Front 82

_________________ took picture so fthe surface of Venus on March 1, 1982

Back 82

Venera

Front 83

In August of 1975, _______________ orbiter mapped the surface of mars; lander searched for life on Mars

Back 83

Viking 1

Front 84

_________________ mission included flybys of the outer planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus & Neptune

Back 84

Voyager 2

Front 85

In March of 1972, ____________ sent back photos of Jupiter -- the first probe to encounter an outer planet

Back 85

Pioneer 10