8Th Grade Nps Grammar Final!!

Front 1

common nouns

Back 1

general name for a person, place, thing, or idea

Front 2

proper nouns

Back 2

name of a particular person, place, thing, or idea

Front 3

concrete nouns

Back 3

names a thing that can be seen, heard, smelled, touched, or tasted

Front 4

Abstract nouns

Back 4

names an idea, feeling, quality, or characteristic

Front 5

collective nouns

Back 5

a word that names a group of people or things

Front 6

singular noun

Back 6

names ONE person, place, thing, or idea

Front 7

plural noun

Back 7

names MORE than one person, place, thing, or idea

Front 8

predicate nouns

Back 8

renames, identifies, or defines the subject after a linking verb

Front 9

direct object

Back 9

names the receiver of the action after an action verb

Front 10

indirect object

Back 10

tells whom or what or for whom or what an action is done

Front 11

object of preposition

Back 11

noun or pronoun that follows a question

Front 12

pronoun

Back 12

a word that takes the place of a noun or another pronoun in a sentence

Front 13

reflexive pronoun

Back 13

has to reflect a subject and has to have an action word

Front 14

intensive pronoun

Back 14

repetitive, and needs no commas (if you take out the pronoun it still means the same thing)

Front 15

antecedent

Back 15

the word that the pronoun renames

Front 16

indefinite pronoun

Back 16

has no antecedent; refers to general things understood by the reader

Front 17

interrogative pronouns

Back 17

start a question

Front 18

demonstrative pronoun

Back 18

point out persons or things

Front 19

who

Back 19

always used as a subject or predicate pronoun

Front 20

whom

Back 20

always used as an object

Front 21

adjectives

Back 21

modify or describe nouns or pronouns

Front 22

modify

Back 22

to make clearer or to change the picture in your head

Front 23

compound adjective

Back 23

when 2 or more adjectives appear together and are separated by commas

Front 24

adverb

Back 24

a word that describes an action, telling "how", "when", or "where" that action took place

Front 25

how, when, where, to what extent

Back 25

questions adverbs answer

Front 26

after the verb, before the verb, at the beginning of a sentence

Back 26

positions of an adverb

Front 27

intensifiers

Back 27

these are adverbs that modify adjectives and other adverbs (placed DIRECTLY BEFORE the words they modify)

Front 28

comparative form

Back 28

use it when you compare a person or thing with one other person or thing

Front 29

superlative form

Back 29

compare someone or something with more than one other thing

Front 30

absolute concept

Back 30

sometimes something can either be or not be and do not need adverbs

Front 31

conjunction

Back 31

a word used to join words or groups of words

Front 32

coordinating conjunctions

Back 32

connects words used in the same way

Front 33

correlative conjunction

Back 33

pairs of words that connect words used in the same way

Front 34

subordinate conjunction

Back 34

words that join a subordinate clause to a principal clause

Front 35

interjections

Back 35

add emotion to the sentence

Front 36

verb

Back 36

a word used to express an action, a condition, or a state of being

Front 37

action verb

Back 37

tells what its subject does; this action can be physical or mental

Front 38

linking verb

Back 38

links its subject to a word in the predicate; the most common linking verbs are forms of "to be"

Front 39

helping verbs

Back 39

help main verbs express deeper meaning

Front 40

forms of be

Back 40

be, am, is, are, was, were, been, being

Front 41

forms of do

Back 41

do, does, did

Front 42

forms of have

Back 42

have, has, had

Front 43

other helping verbs

Back 43

could, should, would--> may, might, must --> can, shall, will

Front 44

verbs of condition

Back 44

some verbs can be either action or linking verbs depending on if you can put a common form of to be in place of the verb and have it still make sense

Front 45

transitive verbs

Back 45

have a direct object (action verb)

Front 46

intransitive verb

Back 46

no direct object

Front 47

regular verb

Back 47

a verb whose past and past participle are formed by adding -ed or -d to the present

Front 48

irregular verbs: GROUP 1

Back 48

present, past, and past participle are the same

Front 49

irregular verbs: GROUP 2

Back 49

past and past participle are the same

Front 50

irregular verbs: GROUP 3

Back 50

the past participle is formed by adding -n or -en to the past

Front 51

irregular verbs: GROUP 4

Back 51

the past participle is formed from the present, usually adding -n or -en

Front 52

irregular verbs: GROUP 5

Back 52

last vowel changes from "i" in the present to "a" in the past, to "u" in the past participle

Front 53

tense

Back 53

a verb form that shows the time of an action or condition

Front 54

present tense

Back 54

shows that an action or condition occurs NOW

Front 55

past tense

Back 55

shows that an action or condition occurred PREVIOUSLY

Front 56

future tense

Back 56

shows that an action or condition will occur in the FUTURE

Front 57

progressive tenses

Back 57

show or express an action or condition in progress (end in -ing)

Front 58

perfect tenses

Back 58

sets up the sentence to have led up to something (end in -ed)

Front 59

present perfect tense

Back 59

places an action or condition in a stretch pf time leading up to the present

Front 60

past perfect tense

Back 60

places a past action or condition before another past action or condition

Front 61

future perfect tense

Back 61

places a future action or condition before another future action or condition

Front 62

lie

Back 62

to "rest in a flat position" (doesn't have an object)

Front 63

lay

Back 63

"to put or place" (does have an object)

Front 64

sit

Back 64

"to be seated" (does not have an object)

Front 65

set

Back 65

"to put or place" (does have an object)

Front 66

rise

Back 66

"to move upward" or "to get out of bed" (doesn't have an object)

Front 67

raise

Back 67

"to lift" or "to care for or bring up" (has an object)

Front 68

let

Back 68

"to allow" or "to permit"

Front 69

leave

Back 69

"to depart" or " to allow something to remain where it is"

Front 70

misplaced modifier

Back 70

positioned in a sentence so that it is unclear which word, phase, or clause is modified

Front 71

common misplaced modifiers

Back 71

almost, only, just, even, hardly, nearly, and merely

Front 72

squinting modifiers

Back 72

when a modifier or modifying phrase is placed close to the middle of the sentence & you cannot tell if it is supposed to be modifying the beginning or tot he end

Front 73

dangling modifiers

Back 73

word, phrase, or clause that doesn't modify any element in the sentence

Front 74

split infinitives

Back 74

an infinitive (to + a verb) is separated by another describing word

Front 75

verbal

Back 75

a word that looks like a verb but doesn't function as the verb in a sentence

Front 76

gerund

Back 76

looks like a verb, but acts as a noun

Front 77

gerund phrase

Back 77

a gerund + any words that modify that gerund

Front 78

participle

Back 78

looks like a verb, but acts as an adjective

Front 79

participial phrase

Back 79

a participle + any words that modify that participle

Front 80

infinitive

Back 80

to + a verb that is acting as a noun, adverb, or adjective

Front 81

infinitive phrase

Back 81

an infinite + any words that modify that infinitive