8/21 Epithelium And Glands

Front 1

Characteristics of Epithelia

Back 1

1) Line surfaces
2) Avascular
3) Lie upon a basal lamina
4)Demonstrate polarity
5) Often have surface specializations

Front 2

Functions of Epithelia

Back 2

1) Protections
2) Transcellular transport
3) Secretion
4) Absorption
5) Selective permeability
6) Detection of sensations

Front 3

Apical Domain

Back 3

always directed towards the lumen of the closed tube

Front 4

Epithelium

Back 4

Lines surfaces exposed to the external world

Front 5

Two types of epithelium

Back 5

1) Mesothelium
2) Endothelium

Front 6

Mesothelium

Back 6

Lines body cavities

simple squamous epithelium

Front 7

Endothelium

Back 7

Lines blood vessels

simple squamous epithelium

Front 8

Ectoderm

Back 8

epidermis and glands of skin

Front 9

Endoderm

Back 9

lining of respiratory and GI tracts

Front 10

Mesoderm

Back 10

Lining of male and female tubes

Front 11

Inner lining of kidney tubules

Back 11

simple cuboidal epithelium

Front 12

Basal Lamina

Back 12

Layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells

Attaches cell to connective tissue

Front 13

small intestine

Back 13

simple columnar epithelium

Front 14

esophagus

Back 14

stratified squamous epithelium with moderate keratin

Front 15

epidermis

Back 15

stratified squmaous epithelium with abundant keratin

Front 16

trachea

Back 16

pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

Front 17

epididymis

Back 17

pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia

Front 18

urinary bladder

Back 18

transitional epithelium

Front 19

simple squamous function

Back 19

1) fluid transport
2) gaseous exchange
3) lubrication
4) lining membrane

Front 20

simple cuboidal function

Back 20

1) secretion
2) absorption
3) protection

Front 21

simple columnar function

Back 21

1) transportation
2) absorption
3) secretion
4) protection

Front 22

characteristics of pseudostratified epithelium

Back 22

All cells rest on basal lamina but not all reach epithelial surface

surface cells are columnar

Front 23

pseudostratified function

Back 23

1) secretion
2) absorption
3) lubrication
4) protection
5) transportation

Front 24

Stratified squamous (nonkeratinized) function

Back 24

1) protection
2) secretion

Front 25

stratified squamous keratinized function

Back 25

protection

Front 26

stratified cuboidal function

Back 26

protection

Front 27

stratified columnar function

Back 27

secretion, absorption, protection

Front 28

Apical domain surface modifications

Back 28

1) microvilli
2) cilia
3) stereocilia

Front 29

Microvilli function

Back 29

increases surface area for transport and absorption

Front 30

cilia function

Back 30

motile and move mucus or ova

Front 31

sterocilia found in the

Back 31

epididymis and hair cells of cochlea

Front 32

Axoneme

Back 32

9 + 2 arrangement of microtubles

Inside most cilia

Front 33

zonulae occludens

Back 33

part of basolateral domain

belt like junction which encircles the cell which separates the luminal space from the intercellular space. Tight junction

Front 34

Zonulae adherentes

Back 34

part of basolateral domain

also belt-like. Adherence of adjoining cells

Front 35

Desmosomes (maculae adherentes)

Back 35

part of basolateral domain

spot welds. resist shearing forces

Front 36

Gap junctions (nexus)

Back 36

regions of intercellular communication

Front 37

Hemidesmosomes

Back 37

hold base of cell to basal lamina

Front 38

Renewal of epithelia

Back 38

1) high turnover rate
2) renewed from basal region
3) surface cells die and slough of

Front 39

metaplasia

Back 39

transformation of one type of epithelium to another

Front 40

carcinoma

Back 40

malignancy from epithelia

Front 41

adenocarcinoma

Back 41

cancer of epithelium that originates in glandular tissue

Front 42

unicellular exocrine gland

Back 42

goblet cell

Front 43

multicellular exocrine gland

Back 43

duct + secretory unit

classified according to the organization of their ducts and shape of secretory units

simple vs. compound ducts

tubular, acinar, or tubuloaveolar secretory units

parenchyma vs. stroma

Front 44

Simple multicellular exocrine gland

Back 44

duct is unbranched

Front 45

compound multicellular exocrine gland

Back 45

duct is branched

Front 46

tubular multicellular exocrine gland

Back 46

secretory portion is shaped like a tube

Front 47

alveolar/acinar multicellular exocrine gland

Back 47

secretory portion is shaped like a flask

Front 48

tubuloalveolar multicellular exocrine gland

Back 48

secretory portion is shaped like a saclike dilation

Front 49

Different mechanisms of secretion for exocrine glands

Back 49

1) merocrine
2) apocrine
3) holocrine

Front 50

Merocrine secretion

Back 50

product released via exocytosis

Front 51

Apocrine secretion

Back 51

some of the apical cytoplasm is pinched off with the contained secretions

Front 52

Halocrine secretion

Back 52

cell accumulates product and then disintegrates to release secretory material

Front 53

type of epithelium visceral peritoneum is

Back 53

lines body cavity so it is a mesothelium

Front 54

type of epithelium in small blood vessels

Back 54

endothelium

Front 55

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Back 55

all cells contact the basal lamina

goblet cells and cilia are present

typical of trachea and bronchi

Front 56

stereocilia

Back 56

long branched microvilli

immobile

Front 57

stereocilia function

Back 57

increase surface area for increased absorption of substances from the lumen

Front 58

type of epithelium epidermis of the skin is

Back 58

stratified squamous epithelium

Front 59

stratified columnar epithelium lines

Back 59

large-caliber ducts coming from exocrine glands such as salivary glands, pancrease, and sweat glands

Front 60

transitional urothelium

Back 60

surface of epithelium of bladder appears to be squamous epithelium when bladder is filled but changes to a columnar epithelium when bladder is empty

Front 61

goblet cells are found in

Back 61

the respiratory and digestive systems

Front 62

Microvilli

Back 62

have a plasma membrane

increase surface area of the cell