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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 hormones of the thyroid gland
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thyroxin (T4) - tri-iodothyronine (T3) - calcitonin
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thyroxin (T4) & tri-iodothyronine (T3) are produced by ____ ____ in the thyroid gland
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follicular cells
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calcitonin is produced by ____ ____ in the thyroid gland
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parafollicular cells
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gland that produces thyroxin (T4) & tri-iodothyronine (T3)
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thyroid gland
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thyroxin (T4) & tri-iodothyronine (T3) is stimulated by
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TSH from anterior pituitary
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thyroxin (T4) & tri-iodothyronine (T3) is inhibited by
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↑thyroxin (T4) causes ↓TRH - TSH (−feedback) - GHIH
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thyroxin (T4) & tri-iodothyronine (T3) targets
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all cells of body
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effects of thyroxin (T4) & tri-iodothyronine (T3)
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↑basal metabolic rate - promotes glucose metabolism - enhances the effect of sympathetic NS - affects all systems
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gland that produces calcitonin
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thyroid gland
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calcitonin is stimulated by
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↑calcium in blood
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calcitonin is inhibited by
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↓calcium in blood
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calcitonin targets
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bones
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effects of calcitonin
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inhibits osteoclasts & bone resorption - stimulates uptake of Ca2+ into bones - overall ↓blood Ca2+
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gland that produces PTH (parathyroid hormone)
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parathyroid gland
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PTH is secreted by ____ ____ in the parathyroid gland
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chief cells
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PTH (parathyroid hormone) is stimulated by
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↓Ca2+ in blood
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PTH (parathyroid hormone) is inhibited by
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↑Ca2+ in blood
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PTH (parathyroid hormone) targets
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bones
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effects of PTH (parathyroid hormone)
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stimulates bone resorption by osteoclasts - enhances resorption of Ca2+ by kidneys - ↑Ca2+ in absorption in intestines - overall ↑blood Ca2+
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3 hormones produced by adrenal gland (cortex)
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glucocorticoids (cortisol) - mineral corticoids (aldosterone) - gonadocorticoids (sex hormones)
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gland that produces glucocorticoids (cortisol)
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adrenal gland (cortex)
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glucocorticoids (cortisol) is stimulated by
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ACTH (which is stimulated by stress)
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glucocorticoids (cortisol) is inhibited by
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− feedback from ↑cortisol
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glucocorticoids (cortisol) targets
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body cells
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effects of glucocorticoids (cortisol)
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promotes gluconeogenesis - mobilizes fats for energy metabolism - stimulates protein breakdown - resists stress - depresses inflammatory response
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gland that produces mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
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adrenal gland (cortex)
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mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) is stimulated by
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renin-angiotensin mechanism - ↓blood volume - ↓bl. Pressure
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mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) is inhibited by
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↑blood volume - ↑bl. Pressure
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mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) targets
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kidneys
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effects of mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
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increases H2O re-absorption in kidneys (↑Na+ - ↓K+) - ↑blood pressure + volume
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gland that produces gonadocorticoids (sex hormones)
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adrenal gland (cortex)
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gonadocorticoids (sex hormones) is stimulated by
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ACTH
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gonadocorticoids (sex hormones) is inhibited by
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unknown
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gonadocorticoids (sex hormones) targets
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unknown
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effects of gonadocorticoids (sex hormones)
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possibly female sex drive
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gland that produces epinephrine & norepinephrine
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adrenal gland (medulla)
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epinephrine & norepinephrine is stimulated by
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preganglionic sympathetic neurons
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epinephrine & norepinephrine is inhibited by
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lack of neural impulse
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epinephrine & norepinephrine targets
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all sympathetic target organs
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effects of epinephrine & norepinephrine
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prolongs fight or flight response
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