8 Sacral Plexus And Posterior Thigh

Front 1

HIP JOINT JOINT TYPE

Back 1

Multiaxial, ball and socket type of synovial joint

Very strong

Front 2

Femoral head articulates with the

Back 2

acetabulum “vinegar cup”

Front 3

HIP JOINT IS LINED BY

Back 3

HORSHOE SHAPED ARTICULAR CARTILAGE=LUNATE OF ACETABULUM

Front 4

LOCATION LIGAMENTUM TERES

Back 4

ACETABULUM NOTCH?

Front 5

F LIGAMENTUM TERES

Back 5

PROVIDES SUPPORT FOR ARTERY OF HEAD OF FEMUR/ARTERY OF LIGAMENTUM TERES SO THAT IT DOESNT GET COMPRESSED

Front 6

F ACETABULAR LABRUM

Back 6

INCREASES ARTICULAR AREA BY 10 PERCENT

Front 7

D ACETABULAR LABRUM

Back 7

The acetabular labrum (glenoidal labrum of the hip joint or cotyloid ligament in older texts) is a ring of cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum (the socket of the hip joint).

Front 8

FROM BIRTH TO 4 YEARS OLD WE GET BLOOD SUPPLY TO HEAD OF FEMUR FROM

Back 8

MEDIAL AND LATERAL FEMORAL CRIMUMFLEX AND ARTERY OF LIGAMENTUM TERES

Front 9

ADULT BLOOD SUPPLY TO HEAD OF FEMUR IS FROM

Back 9

MEDIAL FEMORAL CIRCMUFLEX. YOU DONT ANASTAMOSE WITH OTHER PARTS LIKE IN KIDS UNDER 4.

Front 10

LAYERS AND LIGAMENTS OF JOINT CAPSLE

Back 10

EXTERNAL FIBROUL LAYER
-ILIOFEMORAL LIG
-ISCHIOFEMORAL LIG
-PUBOFERMOAL LIG

INTERNAL SINOVIAL MEMBRANE

Front 11

WHAT IS STRONGEST LIG OF BODY

Back 11

ILIOFEMORAL LIG=Y-LIG

Front 12

T/F As the femur is extended the ligaments tighten

Back 12

T-THIS IncreaES joint congruency & intracapsular pressure

Front 13

PTS WITH HIP CAPSULITUS AND SWELLING FEEL MOST COMFORTABLE IN SLIGHT

Back 13

FLEXION=BENDING FORWARD TO REDUCE PRESSURE

Front 14

WHICH HIP DISLOCATION IS MOST COMMON

Back 14

POSTERIOR

Front 15

RANGE OF MOTION HIP JOINT

Back 15

FLEXION=140
EXTENSION=20
ADDUCTION=30
ABDUCTION=50
INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION
CIRCUMDUCTION

Front 16

D THOMAS TEST

Back 16

A MENUVER TO DETERMINE FLEXION CONTRACTURE

IT IS POSITIVE IF YOU

Front 17

2 LAYERS GLUTEAL MUSCLES

Back 17

Superficial muscles of the gluteal region

Deep muscles of the gluteal region

Front 18

GLUTEUS MAXIUMUS IS IN _____ REGION

Back 18

SUPERFICIAL

Front 19

T/F GLUTEUS MAXIMUS IS LARGEST MUSCLE OF BODY

Back 19

T

Front 20

ATTACHEMENT GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Back 20

ILLIUM TO ILITIBIAL TRACT AND GLUTEAL TUBEROSITY

Front 21

F GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Back 21

HIP EXTENSION

Front 22

INNERVAION GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

Back 22

INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE OF SACRAL PLEXUS

L5 TO S2

Front 23

GLUTEUS MEDIUS AND MINIMUS IS IN ____ COMPARTMENT

Back 23

SUPERFICIAL

Front 24

GLUTEUS MEDIUS AND MINIMUS ATTACHEMTNS

Back 24

FROM ILIAC TO GREATER TROACHANTER

Front 25

GLUTEUS MEDIUS AND MINIMUS FUNCTION

Back 25

ABDUCT HIP

Front 26

GLUTEUS MEDIUS AND MINIMUS INNERVATION

Back 26

SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE

L4 TO S1

Front 27

SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES OF THE GLUTEAL REGION ARE ENCLOSED BETWEEN

Back 27

2 LAYERS OF FASCIA LATA

Front 28

D TENSOR OF THE FASCHIA LATA

Back 28

???

Front 29

DEEP MUSCLES GLUTEAL REGION

Back 29

Piriformis

Triceps coxae:
Obturator internus
Superior Gemelli
Inferior Gemelli

Obturator externus

Quadratus femoris

THESE MUSCLES ARE Primary external rotators of the hip

Front 30

MUSCLES OF DEEP GLUTEAL REGION ARE PRIMARLILY

Back 30

EXTERNAL ROTATORS OF HIP

Front 31

ARTERIES OF GLUTEAL REGION

Back 31

SUPERIOR AND INGERIOR GLUTEAL OFF INTERNAL ILLIAC

Front 32

VEINS OF GLUTEAL REGION

Back 32

Veins are tributaries of the internal iliac veins and accompany the arteries

Superior gluteal
Inferior gluteal

Front 33

NERVES GLUTEAL REGION

Back 33

Superficial gluteal nerves (clunial nerves)

Deep gluteal nerves (branches of the Sacral Plexus)

Front 34

BRANCHES SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE

Back 34

Superior branch to gluteus medius

Inferior branch courses between the glut med and glut min to supply both and the tensor fascia lata

Front 35

INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE SUPPLIES

LEVELS

Back 35

Divides into many branches to supply the gluteus maximus

L5 TO S2

Front 36

NERVE TO QUADRATUS FEMORIS SUPPLIES

LEVELS

Back 36

Supplies the quadratus femoris, inferior gemellus, and has an articular branch to the hip joint

L4 TO S1

Front 37

Nerve to Obturator Internus L5-S2 SUPPLIES

Back 37

OBTURATOR INTURNUS AND superior gemellus

Front 38

Nerve to Piriformis S1,S2 SUPPLIES

Back 38

PIRIFORMIS

Front 39

Posterior Femoral Cutaneous S1-S3
Supplies

Back 39

Supplies skin of inferior half of buttock, posterior thigh, popliteal fossa, lateral perineum, and upper medial thigh

Front 40

LARGEST NERVE IN BODY IS

Back 40

SCIATIC NERVE

Front 41

SCIATIC NERVE SUPPLIES

Back 41

muscles of posterior thigh, leg and foot
Skin of most of leg and foot
Articular branches for joints of the knee ankle and foot

Front 42

T/F SCIATIC NERVE HAS OWN SCIATIC ARTERY

Back 42

T

Front 43

2 BRANCHES THAT MAKE UP SCIATIC NERVE ARE

Back 43

Tibial:
Posterior compartment of leg

Common fibular:
Anterior and lateral compartments of leg

Front 44

USUALLY SCIATIC NERVE IS ______ TO PIRIFORMIS

Back 44

INFERIOR

Front 45

12 PERCENT OF POP: SCITIC NERVE DIVIDES BEFORE EXITING THE ________ AND PIERCES_____

Back 45

GR SCRIATIC FORAMEN

PIRIFORMIS=HENCE CAN BECOME IRRITATED

Front 46

5 PERCENT PEOPLE HAVE SCAITIC NERVES PASS ABOVE

Back 46

PIRIFORMIS

Front 47

MUSCLES OF POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THIGH FUNCTION

Back 47

PRIMARILY FLEXORS OF KNEE.

PLAY ROLE IN HIP EXTESION

Front 48

NAME MUSCLES POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THIGH

Back 48

SEMITENDIONOUS M
SEMIMEMBRANOUSUS M
BICEPS FEMORIS M

Front 49

SEMITENDINOSUS ORIGIN

Back 49

ISCHIAL TBUERISOTIY

Front 50

SEMITENDINOSUS INSERTION

Back 50

MEDIAL SURFACE OF TIBIA AS PART OF PES ANSERINUS

Front 51

SEMITENDINOSUS INNERVATION

Back 51

TIBIAL NERVE

Front 52

SEMITENDINOSUS FUNCTION

Back 52

EXTENDS THIGH, FLEXES LEG AND MEDIAL ROTATE LEG WHEN KNEE IS FLEXED

Front 53

SEMIMEMBRINOSUS ORIGIN

Back 53

POSTERIOR PART OF MEDIAL CONDYLE OF TIBIA

Front 54

SEMIMEMBRINOSUS INSERTION

Back 54

into medial surface of tibia as part of pes anserinus

Front 55

SEMIMEMBRINOSUS INNERVATION

Back 55

tibial nerve

Front 56

SEMIMEMBRINOSUS FUNCTION

Back 56

Extends the thigh, flexes the leg and medial rotate leg when knee is flexed

Front 57

BICEP FEMORIS

ORIGIN
INSERTION
INNERVATION
FUNCTION

Back 57

Two Heads
Long head Originates on the ischial tuberosity
Short head originate on linea aspera

Inserts into Head of fibula

Innervation:
Long head from tibial nerve
Short head from common fibular

Movement: Extends the thigh (long head), flexes the leg and laterally

Front 58

All hamstrings are innervated by the

Back 58

sciatic nerve (tibial component) except the short head of the biceps

Front 59

Short head of the biceps is innervated by the

Back 59

sciatic nerve (common fibular component)

Front 60

BOUNDRIES POPLPITEAL FOSSA

Back 60

Posterior wall (skin and fascia)

Inferomedial & inferolateral (gastrocnemius)

Superolateral wall (biceps femoris)

Superomedial wall (semimembranosis and semitendinosis)

Front 61

CONTENTS POLIPTEAL FOSSA

Back 61

Fat
Popliteal artery, vein
Tibial and common fibular nerves
Small saphenous vein
Posterior cutaneous nerve
Popliteal lymphatics

Front 62

D PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME

Back 62

Causes
-Repetitive contraction of piriformis irritating the Sciatic nerve
-Trauma to buttock causing hypertrophy or spasm of pirifomis

Controversial
-Some physicians believe it is over diagnosed
-May be irritation at the intervertebral foramen

A small % common fibular pierces or course above

Front 63

CAUSES OF WEAKNESS OF GMED AND GMIN

Back 63

Causes
Injury to the superior gluteal nerve
Atrophy of Gmed & Gmin

Front 64

D Trendelenburg sign

Back 64

Dropping of the non-weight-bearing hip=GMED AND GMIN WEAKNESS

Front 65

WHAT IS COMMON SITE OF INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION

Back 65

INTERAGLUTEAL REGION=USUALLY A SAFE LOCATION TO DO THIS WITHOUT HITTING THE SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE

Front 66

Fractures through the femoral neck often result in

Back 66

avascular necrosis of the head.

Front 67

T/F Mortality following hip fractures is common (approximately 20% by one year post-fracture)

Back 67

T

Front 68

Only ____ of older people are able to regain independence after hip fracture.

Back 68

50 PERCENT

Front 69

CAUSES ISHCIAL BURSITIS

Back 69

Repeated stress (trauma, friction)
Hip extension while seated

Ischial bursa becomes inflamed
Calcification can occur
Pressure sores can develop

Front 70

CAUSE TROCHANTARIC BURSITIS

Back 70

Acute trauma
Chronic friction

Front 71

D LEGG-CALVE PERTHES SYNDROME

Back 71

Degenerative disease of the hip joint
Vascular supply to the epiphysis is diminished

Typically found in children but its effects can lead into adulthood

Front 72

CAUSE D LEGG-CALVE PERTHES SYNDROME

Back 72

Possible cause is that the ligamentum teres closes before the medial circumflex femoral artery takes OVER

Front 73

TX D LEGG-CALVE PERTHES SYNDROME

Back 73

SPINTING TO TAKE PRESSURE OFF AREA

Front 74

D HIP DYSPLASIA

Back 74

Term used to describe abnormal growth or development at either the acetabulum or femoral head

Front 75

OTHER NAMES HIP DYSPLASIA

Back 75

Congenital dysplasia
Developmental dysplasia

Front 76

HIP DYSPLASIA CAN LEAD TO

Back 76

Can lead to hip subluxations, dislocations

Associated with early development of arthritis

Front 77

D HAMSTRING STRAN

CAUSES?

Back 77

Common sport injury

Causes
Explosive jump, kick or sprint
Training errors (excessive cycling, running etc.)
Contusion

Front 78

FACTORS THAT INCREASE RISK OF HAMSTRING STRAIN

Back 78

Age
Previous injury
Improper warm-up
Muscle imbalance
Hamstring tightness

Front 79

SECOND MOST COMMON CAUSE OF HIP PAIN IS

Back 79

OSTEOARTHRITIS

75% of hip replacements are due to osteoarthritis

Earlier onset with articular abnormalities (e.g., slipped femoral epiphysis, fracture)

Front 80

WHAT ATTACHES TO THE Intertrochanteric line

Back 80

(anterior) for attachment of the iliofemoral ligament.

Front 81

WHAT ATTACHES TO THE LESSER TROCHANTER

Back 81

(attachment of iliopsoas muscle) points medially.

Front 82

WHAT ATTACHES TO THE GREATER TROCHANTER

Back 82

(attachment of gluteal muscles)

Front 83

SUPERFICIAL GLUTEAL MUSCLES FUNCTION AND INNERVATION

Back 83

Abduct & flexes hip
Innervation: Superior Gluteal NERVE