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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the 4 oncogenic retroviruses
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bovine leukemia;
sporadic bovine leukosis; feline leukemia/sarcoma; avian leukosis |
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name the 4 lentivirus retroviruses
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feline immunodeficiency virus;
equine infectious anemia; caprine arthritis-encephalomyelitis; maedi/visna disease |
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bovine leukemia virus is what kind of retrovirus?
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deltaretrovirus, v-onc-
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bovine leukemia virus is associated with what cell?
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B lymphocytes
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what gene is important for up regulating the protooncogene promoter sequence in Bovine Leukemia?
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tax (transactivating gene)
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tax (transactivating gene) is associated with what?
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bovine leukemia (deltaretrovirus);
upregulates the protooncogene promoter sequence |
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how is bovine leukemia transmitted?
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transfer of infected lymphocytes; blood, milk, tumor masses, in utero
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is environmental contamination an issue for bovine leukemia?
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no; labile outside of host
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which cattle are susceptible to bovine leukemia? resistant?
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MHCII BoLA associated:
BoLA- AW 7 resistant; BoLA- Aw 12 susceptible *Think 7 is the lucky number* |
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animal becomes seropositive for bovine leukemia when?
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4-12 weeks after exposure
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how many animals with bovine leukemia have a persistent lymphocytosis with BENIGN B lymphocytes
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33%
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how many animals with bovine leukemia will develop lymphosarcoma?
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1-2%
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what proteins are Ab responding to in Bovine Leukemia infection?
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envelope glycoprotein gp51; major core protein p24
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gp51 and p24 are associated with which virus?
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bovine leukemia virus
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what is the etiologic agent of sporadic bovine leukosis (SBL)?
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unknown
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sporadic bovine leukosis is infectious or noninfectious?
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noninfectious
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what age is sporadic bovine leukosis associated with?
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under 3 years of age
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why is sporadic bovine leukosis important
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DEADLY
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what are the 3 forms of sporadic bovine leukosis?
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juvenile multicentric form (<2 y) = LN enlargement;
thymic (6 mo - 2y) = swelling, bloat, edema cutaneous form (1-4 y) = skin nodules, internal metastatic tumors |
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etiologic agent for feline leukemia and sarcoma? vonc?
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gammaretrovirus, vonc-
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what protein is associated with feline leukemia and sarcoma?
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p27= Ag
gp70= viral attachment |
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feline leukemia is associated with which nonneoplastic disease manifestations?
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anemia; immunosuppression; enteritis; reproductive failure
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which samples can be tested for feline leukemia? what is tested for?
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saliva, tears, plasma
test for p27 protein |
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which protein is responsible for attachment of Feline Leukemia?
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gp70
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p27 and gp70 are associated with...?
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feline leukemia
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describe FeLV A
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naturally infected viremic cats; highly contagious
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only one that can transmit horizontally cat-to-cat
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which subgroup of FeLV is transmitted horizontally?
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FeLV A
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describe FeLV B
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result of recomination between env genes of FeLV A and endogenous FeLV proviral DNA
A + B = tumors |
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t/f: p15e protein of FeLV is an attachment protein
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false; gp70
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describe FeLV C
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rare;
arise de novo as a result of mutations; rapidly fatal nonregenerative anemia |
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Ab are made for which protein of FeLV?
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gp70
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what does protein p15e of FeLV do?
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suppresses lymphocyte blastogenesis;
blocks T cells to IL-1 and 2; suppresses cats to FOCMA |
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FeLV viremic cats shed virus ______
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continuously
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primary transmission of FeLV is through...
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saliva
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FeLV multiplies in which cells?
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T and B lymphocytes and myeloid cells
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when is ELISA test positive for p27 in FeLV?
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after primary viremia
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when is IFA test positive for p27 in FeLV?
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after secondary viremia
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what is FOCMA Ag?
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feline oncornavirus memebrane associated antigen;
a tumor SPECIFIC antigen only on membrane of cells TRANSFORMED by FeLV or FeSV |
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t/f: FOCMA Ag is on the surface of cells infected with FeLV or FeSV?
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false; not infected TRANSFORMED
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what does FOCMA Ab do?
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lyses tumor cells via ADCC and complement activation
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T/F: FOCMA Ab neutralizes virus and therefore don't get cancer, don't get viremia, and won't die
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false; doesn't neutralize so still can be viremic and die but DON'T get CANCER due to lysing
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T/F: FOCMA Ab resist development of leukemia and lymphoma
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TRUE
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what kind of infection do MOST cats get with FeLV (96%)
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self limiting infection
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what is the most common sequel to persistent FeLV viremia and accounts for most FeLV related deaths?
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immunosuppression
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which cells are susceptible to transformation by FeLV?
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all hematopoietic cell lines
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FeLV multicentric tumors are predominantly what kind of tumor?
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t cell tumor
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FeLV thymic tumors are predominantly what kind of tumor? age?
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t cell tumor; kittens
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FeLV alimentary tumors are predominantly what kind of tumor? age?
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B cell; older
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two major types of FeLV malignancy
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lymphosarcoma; myeloproliferative
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immune complexes formed in presence of FeLV cause what?
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vasculitis; glomerulonephritis; polyarthritis
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hypocomplementemia is seen with what virus?
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FeLV due to immune complex hypersensitivity
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fading kitten syndrome is associated with which virus?
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FeLV; kittens born to viremic queens and die early
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feline sarcoma virus is vonc?
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vonc+
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since feline sarcoma is vonc+, what does it mean?
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defective; needs FeLV virus to replicate
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what does feline sarcoma cause
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fibrosarcomas in lungs
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avian leukosis is what kind of retrovirus? vonc?
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alpharetrovirus; vonc-
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how is avian leukosis transmitted?
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vertically via egg; horizontally in chicks
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which forms of transmission will lead to viremia for life with avian leukosis?
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vertically in egg;
horizontally to chick <5 days old |
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which forms of transmission will lead to Ab formation and therefore no disease in Avian leukosis?
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horizontally to chick 5-6 days old
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what can prevent the development of avian lymphoid leukosis?
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bursectomy
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osteopetrosis is associated with which virus?
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avian leukosis
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what is a ddx with avian leukosis?
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marek's disease
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Feline Immunodeficiency virus is caused by what virus?
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feline lentivirus
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principal mode of transmission for FIV is...
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cat bites
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FIV has a tropism for which cells?
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helper t cells
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p24 is associated with which virus?
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FIV
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what protein do we test for to test for FIV?
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p24
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Equine infectious anemia is aka
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swamp fever
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etiologic agent for equine infectious anemia
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equine lentivirus
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how is equine infectious anemia transmitted?
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mechanical transmission by tabanids, stable flies, mosquitoes, Culicoides
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Coggins test
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Equine Infectious Anemia; agar gel immunodiffusion test for p26
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what protein does Coggins test for?
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p26 of EIA
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what develops in all horses with Equine Infectious Anemia?
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life long cell associated viremia
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what causes the damage to vascular endothelium and inflammatory changes seen in Equine Infectious Anemia?
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persistent Ag/Ab complexes
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what clinical signs will you see in horse with Equine Infectious Anemia?
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ataxia; spinal leptomeningitis; encephalomyelitis; anemia; glomerulonephritis
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what causes anemia in Equine Infectious Anemia?
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viral Ag adsorb to RBC and bind with EIA Ab and trigger erythrophagocytosis and complement mediated hemolysis;
Type II hypersensitivity |
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anemia seen in Equine infectious anemia is due to what kind of hypersensitivity?
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type II
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p26 is associated with
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Equine Infectious Anemia
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etiologic agent of caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis (CAE)?
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caprine lentivirus
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caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis is characterized by what signs?
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polyarthritis; mastitis; encephalomyelitis; interstitial pneumonia
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how is caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis transmitted?
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colostrum/ milk
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what is the pathogenesis of caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis?
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persistent infection of monocytes/MOs; ineffective Ab response; immune complex hypersensitivity reactions
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which form of caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis is most common
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arthritis (swelling of carpal joints,"big knee") and hyperplastic synovitis
goats >1 yr. |
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encephalomyelitis occurs from caprine arthritis encephalitis occurs most often in which age?
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1-5 mo
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what age is interstitial pneumonia seen due to caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis?
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adults
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what is seen in mammary glands with caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis?
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hard bag (mastitis)
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what signs are seen in older goats with caprine arthritis encephalomyelitis?
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arthritis (most common) and interstitial pneumonia
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maedi/visna disease effects which species?
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sheep, some goats
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How is maedi/visna disease transmitted?
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aerosol, ingestion of feces or urine ; colostrum/milk; arthropods; sx equipment
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pathogenesis of maedi/visna disease?
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lymphocyte associated viremia
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maedi/visna is mostly seen in which age animals?
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>2 yrs.
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what does Maedi cause?
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shortness of breath; ovine progressive pneumonia
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what does visna cause?
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wasting; ataxia, trembling, paralysis; Can't control to eat/drink
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immune response for maedi/visna?
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no real immune effect
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what is the etiologic agent for maedi/visna disease?
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ovine lentivirus
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