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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A body of AIR that has similar TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY AND AIR PRESSURE at any given height.
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AIR MASS
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Name the 4 types of air masses and basic temperature for each.
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Tropical -Warm (low pressure)
Polar-Cold (high pressure) Maritime-Humid Continental-Dry |
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What kind of air does the Maritime Tropical produce
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Warm, humid air
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Where does the maritime tropical air mass form?
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over tropical oceans
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What kind of weather is produced from tropical air masses?
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in summer=hot and humid
in winter=heavy rains or snow |
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What kind of air is produced by Maritime Polar air masses?
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Cool and humid
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What type of weather is produced by the maritime polar air mass?
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Fog, rains and cool temperatures to the West coast
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Where does the Maritime Polar form?
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Forms over icy cold north Pacific and North Atlantic oceans
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What kind of air is produced by the Continental Tropical air masses?
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Hot, dry air
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Where does Continental Tropical air masses form?
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Form over Southwest and Northern Mexico
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What is distinctive about the Continental Tropical mass?
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It covers a smaller area than other air masses
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What kind of air is generated by the Continental Polar air mass"
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Cold, dry air
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Where does the Continental Polar form?
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over Northern Canada and Alaska
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What type of weather does the Continental Polar air mass produce?
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Bittterly cold, dry, clear weather in winter.
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Describe Prevaling Westerlies.
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Pushes air masses from West to East
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Jet Streams appear where ?
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In High Altitudes and blow from West to East
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Describe a front?
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Where air masses meet and DON'T MIX
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What happens to the air during a front?
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Cold dense air SINKS, while warm, less dense air tends to RISE
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Describe the air in a "Cold Front"
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Rapidly moving COLD air approaches slowly moving WARM air.
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Describe the air in a "Warm Front"
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Fast moving WARM air OVERTAKES slower cold air
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What is a "Stationary Front"?
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Cold and Warm air masses meet BUT NEITHER ONE MOVES
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Describe the air in Occluded Fronts
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A warm air mass is caught between 2 colder air masses
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A swirling center of low pressure is what?
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Cyclone
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How does a Cyclone form?
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Warm air at the center rises, pressure decreases, temperatures drop, the moisture condenses and clouds wind and rain or snow may result.
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Describe an Anticyclone.
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A high pressure center of dry air.
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What kind of weather does an anticyclone produce?
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dry, clear weather
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What do we call a violent disturbance in the atmosphere ?
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a storm
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What is a small storm often accompaied by HEAVY precipitation PLUS THUNDER AND LIGHTENING
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THUNDERSTORM
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How do THUNDERSTORMS FORM?
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IN cumulous clouds/often accompanied by HAIL
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Describe Lightening?
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a sudden spark or electrical discharge
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Rapidly heating air expands explosively explains ______.
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Thunder
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How hot can the air be heated by lightening?
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30,000 degrees Celsius
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How does a thunderstorm lead to damage?
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caused by winds, lightening and heavy rains
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What are floods?
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When so much water pours into a stream or river that its banks overflow
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Explain thunderstorm safety?
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avoid places where lightning may strike. avoid objects than can conduct electricity
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How do Tornadoes form?
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From cumulonimbus clouds. Cold air forces a warm air mass to rise. This air rotes as it meets other winds to form the tornado
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Where is Tornado Alley/
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Great Plains
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Where is safest place to be in case of a Tornado?
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A basement of a well build building
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What is a rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud.
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Tornado
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What is a tropical cyclone that has winds of 119 kph or more
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Hurricane
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How do hurricanes form?
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begins over WARM OCEAN WATER, AS A LOW-PRESSURE AREA, OR TROPICAL DISTURBANCE
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When do winds spiral inward?
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the lower the air pressure at center, the faster the winds
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How do Hurricanes move
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Steered by winds but looses strength after it crosses land
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Storm surges are what?
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A dome of water that sweeps across the coast where the hurricane lands
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How to be safe in a hurricane?
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Move-evacuate
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What is Lake-effect Snow?
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The LAND near the Great Lakes COOLS more rapidly THAN OVER WATERS OF LAKES
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How does the Lake Effect work?
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Cold dry air mass moves from Canada south across one of the great Lakes and picks up water vapor and heat. As it reaches the cool air over the land on the other side it condenses quickly & falls as SNOW
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Who studies the causes of weather and then tries to predict it?
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Meterorologists
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How do meterorologists interpret complex data?
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by using maps, charts and computer to analyze
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What carries instruments high into the troposphere and lower stratosphere.
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Weather ballons
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Be able to identify the types of fronts from the pictures
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on your study guide
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What is an Isobar on a weather map?
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Lines joining places on the map that have the same pressure.
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What does Iso mean?
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equal
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What does bar mean?
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pressure
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What are Isotherms on a map?
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Lines joining places that have the same TEMPERATURE
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What are the limits of Weather Forecasts?
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small changes in the weather can mean a larger change a week later. Called the BUTTERFLY EFFECT.
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What do newspaper weather maps have on them?
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standard symbols that show fronts, areas of high & low pressure, types of preciptiation & temperature
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