Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
nutrients
|
The substances in food that provide the raw materials and energy the body needs to carry out all essential processes
|
|
|
Name the 6 kinds of nutrients.
|
carbohydrates
fats proteins vitamins minerals water |
|
|
calorie
|
A unit of measure. Measures the amount of energy neede to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 Celsius degree.
|
|
|
carbohydrates
|
A nutrient composed of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen.
|
|
|
simple carbohydrates
|
sugars
|
|
|
Major source of energy for the body's cells
|
glucose
|
|
|
complex carbohydrates
|
Made up of many sugar molecules linked together in a chain.
|
|
|
2 examples of complex carbohydrates.
|
starch
fiber |
|
|
fats
|
High energy nutrients that are composed of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. But, they contain twice as much energy as an equal amount of carbohydrates.
|
|
|
unsaturated fats
|
Usually are liquids at room temperature.
|
|
|
saturated fats
|
Usually a solid at room temperature.
|
|
|
cholestrol
|
A waxy, fat like substance found only in animal products.
|
|
|
proteins
|
Nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is needed for tissue growth.
|
|
|
amino acids
|
Proteins are made up of many of these.
|
|
|
vitamins
|
They act as helper molecules in a variety of chemical reactions in the body.
|
|
|
minerals
|
Nutrients that are not made by living things.
|
|
|
water
|
The most important nutrient for the body.
|
|
|
Name the 3 main functions of the Digestive System.
|
1. Breaks down food into molecules.
2. Molecules are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body. 3. Wates are eliminated from the body. |
|
|
digestion
|
The process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules.
|
|
|
absorption
|
Process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of your digestive sytem into your blood.
|
|
|
saliva
|
The fluid released when your mouth waters.
|
|
|
enzyme
|
A protein that speeds up the chemical reactions in the body.
|
|
|
epiglottis
|
A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe, preventing food from entering.
|
|
|
esophagus
|
A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
|
|
|
mucus
|
A thick, slippery substance produced by the body.
|
|
|
peristalsis
|
Involuntary waves of muscle contractions in the digestive system. This moves the food through.
|
|
|
stomach
|
J-shaped muscular pouch located in the abdomen.
|
|
|
small intestine
|
The part of the digestive system where most of the chemical digestion take place.
|
|
|
liver
|
Works as an extremely busy chemical factory. It breaks down substances, and eliminates waste.
|
|
|
bile
|
A substance that breaks up fat particles into smaller ones.
|
|
|
gallbladder
|
The organ that stores bile. It breaks up the fat molecules into smaller fat droplets.
|
|
|
pancreas
|
Produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine.
|
|
|
villi/villius
|
Tiny finger shaped structures in the small intestine.
|
|
|
large intestine
|
The last organ of the digestive system. Water is absorbed into the bloodstream, and the remaining is carried off as waste.
|
|
|
rectum
|
waste is compressed into solid form, and eliminated.
|
|
|
anus
|
a muscular opening at the end of the rectum.
|
