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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
volcano
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a weak spot in the crust where magma comes to the surface
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magma
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a molten mixture of rock forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
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lava
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magna that has reached the surface
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ring of fire
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a major volcanic belt that encircles the Pacific Ocean
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diverging boundaries
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plate boundaries along which volcanoes form
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island arc
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a string of islands that were created by a volcanic hot spot
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hot spot
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an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it
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Where are most of Earth's volcanoes found?
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mostly along plate boundaries
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How do hot spot volcanoes form?
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when magma erupts through the crust and reaches the surface
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element
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an element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
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compound
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a compound is a substance made of two or more elements that have been chemically combined
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physical property
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any characteristic of a substance that can observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance
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chemical property
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any property of the substance that produces a change in the composition of matter
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viscosity
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the resistance of a liquid to flowing
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silica
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a material found in magma that has formed from the elements of oxygen and silicon
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Pahoehoe
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a hot fast moving type of lava that hardens to form smooth rope-like coils
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aa
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a slow moving type of lava that hardens to form rough chunks
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magma chamber
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the pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects
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pipe
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a long tube through magma moves fro mthe magma chamber to the earth's surface
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vent
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the opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano
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lava flow
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the area covered by lava as it pours out of a volcano's vent
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crater
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a bowl shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening
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pyroclastic flow
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the expulsion of gas, ash, cinders and bombs during an explosive volcanic eruption
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dormant
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describes a volcano that is not currently active but may become active in the future
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extinct
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describes a volcano that is no longer active and is unlikely to erupt again
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shield volcano
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a wide gently sloping mountain made of layers of lava and formed by quiet eruptions
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cinder cone volcano
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a steep cone shaped hill or small mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders and bombs piled up around a volcano's opening
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composite volcano
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a tall cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash and other volcanic materials
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caldera
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the large hole at the top of a volcano when the roof of a volcano's magma chamber collapses
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