7Th Grade Pa History

Front 1

GEOGRAPHY

Back 1

The study of the Earth and its land, water, plant and animal life.

Front 2

ABSOLUTE LOCATION

Back 2

The exact position of a place on the Earth's surface.

Front 3

HEMISPHERE-

Back 3

One half of the globe-the equator divides the Earth into northern and southern hemispheres. The Prime Meridian divides it into eastern and western hemispheres.

Front 4

LATITUDE

Back 4

Location north or south ( up and down) of the equator measured by imaginary lines (parallels)(Degrees)

Front 5

LONGITUDE

Back 5

Location east and west (left/right) of the Prime Meridian. Measured in degres east and west.

Front 6

GRID SYSTEM

Back 6

Network of imaginary lines on the Earth's surface formed by the patterns of the lines of longitude and latitude.

Front 7

RELATIVE LOCATION

Back 7

The position of a place on the Earth's surface in relation to another place.

Front 8

EVAPORATION

Back 8

A process in which water from oceans, lakes and streams is turned into a gas or vapor by the sun's heat.

Front 9

MOVEMENT

Back 9

One of the geographic themes describing how people move from different places.

Front 10

REGION

Back 10

One of the geographic themes defining parts of the Earth that share common characteristics.

Front 11

PLACE

Back 11

One of the geographic themes describing the typical characterisitics that distinguish one place from another.

Front 12

GALAXY

Back 12

A huge system in the universe including millions of stars.

Front 13

SOLAR SYSTEM

Back 13

A group of planets and other bodies that revolve around the sun.

Front 14

ORBIT

Back 14

Elliptical path that a planet follows in revolving around the sun.

Front 15

LEAP YEAR

Back 15

Year with 366 days to account for the extra one fourth day in Earth's revolution around the sun.

Front 16

AXIS

Back 16

The horizontal (bottom-like the horizon) or vertical (side up and down) line of measurement of a graph.

Front 17

SOLSTICE

Back 17

A day in June and December when the sun is directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer or Tropic of Capricorn marking the beginning of summer or winter.

Front 18

EQUINOX

Back 18

Day in March and September when the sun's rays are directly overhead at the Equator making day and night of equal length.

Front 19

REVOLUTION

Back 19

A planet's one complete trip around the sun or in politics- a sudden change in the governemnt

Front 20

LANDFORM

Back 20

Landscape of the Earth formed over years.

Front 21

CORE

Back 21

Central layer of the Earth, probably composed of hot iron and nickel.

Front 22

MANTLE

Back 22

Middle layer of the Earth composed of thick, hot rock.

Front 23

CRUST

Back 23

Outer Layer of the Earth.

Front 24

MAGMA

Back 24

Melted rock within the Earth's mantle.

Front 25

CONTINENT

Back 25

One of the major land areas of the Earth.

Front 26

PLATE TECTONICS

Back 26

Theory in Geology that the Earth's crust is made up of huge moving plates of rock.

Front 27

FAULT

Back 27

A crack in the rocks of the Earth's crust along which movement occurs.

Front 28

EARTHQUAKE

Back 28

Violent jolting or shaking of the Earth caused by movement of rocks along a fault.

Front 29

TSUNAMI

Back 29

A huge sea wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean's floor.

Front 30

WEATHERING

Back 30

Process by which surface rocks are broken down into smaller pieces-water, chemicals or frost.

Front 31

EROSION

Back 31

Wearing away of the Earth's surface mainly by water, wind or ice.

Front 32

PLATEAU

Back 32

Flat landform whose surface is raised above the surrounding land with a steep cliff on one side.

Front 33

ISTHMUS

Back 33

Narrow piece of land connecting the larger pieces of land.

Front 34

PENINSULA

Back 34

Piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.

Front 35

STRAIT

Back 35

Narrow body of water lying between two pieces of land.

Front 36

ATMOSPHERE

Back 36

Thick cushion of gases surrounding the Earth made up mainly of the gases nitrogen and oxygen.