Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the contents of the Anterior mediastinum?
|
Thymus and fat
|
|
|
What are the contents of the Middle mediastinum?
|
Heart, major vessels, main bronchi, phrenic nerves
|
|
|
Where are the mediastina located?
|
On the midline BETWEEN the lungs
|
|
|
What are the contents of the Superior mediastinum?
|
arch of aorta, lagamentum arteriosum, pulmonary and brachiocephalic trunks
subclavian and carotid arteries, brachiocephalic veins, superior vena cava, thoracic and rt lymphatic ducts, trachea and bronchi, vagus and phrenic nerves, sympathetic chain |
|
|
What are the contents of the Posterior mediastinum?
|
Descending aorta, esophagus, vagus, thoracic duct, azygos and hemiazygos veins, sympathetic trunk, superior vena cava, spanchnic nerves, intercostal vessels and nerves
|
|
|
All splanchnic nerves carry sympathetic fibers except for the ________ splanchnic nerves, which carry parasympathetic fibers.
|
pelvic
|
|
|
The azygos vein is a drains into the _________ and curves up and over the _______ and the _________.
|
Superior vena cava
Right bronchus and right pulmonary artery |
|
|
Which nerve runs medial to the azygos vein?
|
Right phrenic which runs into the fibrous pericardium.
|
|
|
Which nerve runs posterior to the phrenic?
|
Vagus - sensory to the organs
|
|
|
Coming off of the sympathetic chain and going MEDIAL are the _______ nerves.
|
splanchnic
|
|
|
Nerves that come off the sympathetic trunk and go LATERAL are the ________ nerves
|
intercostal
|
|
|
What 2 layers make up the serous pericardium?
|
The parietal and visceral layers
|
|
|
What innervates the pericardium?
|
Phrenic, vagus, and sympathetic trunks
|
|
|
Right coronary artery runs in the _________ sulcus
|
atrioventricular
|
|
|
What 3 branches does the right coronary artery give off?
|
Right marginal branch, posterior interventricular, and the nodal artery
|
|
|
What does the left coronary artery give off?
|
anterior interventricular, circumflex branch, and left marginal branch
|
|
|
The anterior interventricular artery anastomoses with what?
|
posterior interventricular
|
|
|
Circumflex branch anastomoses with what?
|
right coronary artery
|
|
|
The oblique vein, great, middle, and small cardiac veins drain where?
What cardiac veins drain DIRECTLY into the right atrium (not to the coronary sinus) |
Coronary sinus
Anterior cardiac veins |
|
|
The smooth surface in the right atrium formed from what?
The rough surface developed from what? What is the junction between them? |
Smooth - from vena cava
Rough - from heart muscle Crista terminalis |
|
|
What is the name of a notable depression inside the right atrium?
|
oval fossa
|
|
|
How many cusps do the right and left atrium have?
|
Right - 3 cusps (tricuspid valve)
Left - 2 cusps (mitral valve) |
|
|
What connects travels from the intraventricular walls to the papillary muscles?
|
Septomarginal trabecula
This shortens the distance for impulse to run. |
|
|
The ________ muscles contract and pull on the chordae tendinae, which close the cusps.
|
papillary
|
|
|
In the FETAL pattern of circulation, how does blood bypass the liver?
|
through the ductus venosus
|
|
|
What does the umbilical vein become after birth?
|
Ligamentum teres hepatis
|
|
|
The ductus arteriosus becomes the _________ after birth.
|
Ligamentum arteriosum
|
|
|
During diastole what valves are open and closed.
|
Filling
Aortic and pulmonary valve closed Tricsucpid and mitral valves open |
|
|
During systole what valves are open and closed?
|
Emptying
Tricuspid and mitral valves closed Aortic and pulmonary valves open |
|
|
What is stage 1 and stage 2 high blood pressure
|
stage 1: 140-159 / 90-99
stage 2: 160 or > / 100 or > |
|
|
Mitral valve disease can result in:
|
left ventricular hypertrophy
increased pulmonary venous pressure pulmonary edema difficulty breathing enlargement (dilation) and hypertrophy of left atrium |
|
|
What are the 4 defects in the Tetralogy of Fallot?
|
Ventricular septal defect
pulmonary stenosis overriding aorta (aorta receives some blood from right ventricle, which reduces amount of oxygen in blood) right ventricular hypertophy |
|
|
What are the 4 most common congenital heart defects?
|
atrial septal defect
ventricular septal defect persistent ductus arteriosus tetralogy of fallot |
